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    • 6. 发明申请
    • METHOD OF MEASURING TRANSCUTANEOUS ACCESS BLOOD FLOW
    • 测量经皮进入血液流量的方法
    • WO02053212B1
    • 2002-08-22
    • PCT/US0148566
    • 2001-12-20
    • HEMA METRICS INC
    • STEUER ROBERT RBELL DAVID AMILLER DAVID R
    • G01F1/00A61B5/026A61B5/0275A61M1/14A61M1/36
    • A61B5/0275A61M1/3609A61M1/3653A61M1/3655A61M1/3656
    • Indicator dilution techniques are used to measure vascular access flow rates during routine hemodialysis. A bolus injection port is used to infuse a specific volume (Vi) of an indicator diluent, such as saline or dye, into the patient cardiovascular circuit by one of the following: 1. Needle injection of a known volume (bolus) of indicator diluent directly into the access site in the presence or absence of the hemodialysis circuit. 2. Infusion of an indicator diluent into the arterial, venous line upstream of the venous needle. 3. Turning the ultrafiltration of the dialysis delivery system from OFF to ON and OFF again over a predetermined time period. 4. In a hemodialysis circuit, turning on the hemodialysis pump and using the priming saline volume as a single saline bolus. A transdermal sensor (10) is used to measure the percent change in a blood parameter. The sensor (10) is positioned directly over the vascular access site (12) a prescribed distance downstream of the injection site (12) and upstream of the access-vein connection (20C). The sensor (109) employs emitter (10A) and detector (106) elements at multiple spacings (d1, d2) for the purpose of measuring the bulk absorptivity (a) of the area immediately surrounding and including the access site (12), and the absorptivity (a) of the tissue itself.
    • 指标稀释技术用于测量常规血液透析过程中的血管通路流量。 通过以下方式之一,使用快速浓注入口将指示剂稀释剂(例如盐水或染料)的特定体积(Vi)注入患者心血管回路中:1.将已知体积(快速浓注)指示剂稀释剂 在存在或不存在血液透析回路的情况下直接进入存取部位。 2.将指示剂稀释液输注到静脉针上游的动脉,静脉管线中。 3.在预定的时间内将透析输送系统的超滤从OFF切换到ON和OFF。 4.在血液透析回路中,打开血液透析泵并使用启动盐水体积作为单次生理盐水灌注。 透皮传感器(10)用于测量血液参数的百分比变化。 传感器(10)直接位于血管进入部位(12)上方注射部位(12)下游和进入血管连接部位(20C)上游的预定距离处。 为了测量直接围绕和包括进入部位(12)的区域的总体吸收率(a),传感器(109)在多个间隔(d1,d2)处采用发射器(10A)和检测器(106) 组织本身的吸收率(a)。
    • 7. 发明申请
    • SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR NONINVASIVE BLOOD ANALYTE MEASUREMENTS
    • 非血液分析仪测量的系统和方法
    • WO0042907A9
    • 2001-10-25
    • PCT/US0001378
    • 2000-01-19
    • INSTRUMENTATION METRICS INC
    • MALIN STEPHEN FRUCHTI TIMOTHY L
    • G01N21/35A61B5/00A61B5/107A61B5/145A61B5/1455A61B5/1495C12M1/34C12Q1/54G01N21/47G06Q50/00
    • A61B5/14546A61B5/0075A61B5/1075A61B5/14532A61B5/1455A61B5/7264A61B5/7267A61B2560/0223G01N21/4785
    • An intelligent system for measuring blood analytes noninvasively operates on a near infrared absorbance spectrum of in vivo skin tissue. A hierarchical architecture employs a pattern classification engine to adapt the calibration to the structural properties and physiological state of the subject as manifested in the absorbance spectrum. A priori information about the primary sources of sample variability are used to establish general categories of subjects. By applying calibration schemes specific to the various categories, the spectral interference is reduced resulting in improved prediction accuracy and parsimounious calibrations. Two classification rules are disclosed. The first rule assumes the classes are mutually exclusive and applies specific calibration models to the various subject categories. The second rule uses fuzzy set theory to develop calibration models and blood analyte predictions. Therefore, each calibration sample has the opportunity to influence more than one calibration model according to its class membership. Similarly, the predictions from more than one calibration are combined through defuzzification to produce the final blood analyte prediction.
    • 用于测量血液分析物的智能系统非侵入性地在体内皮肤组织的近红外吸收光谱上操作。 层次结构采用模式分类引擎来使校准适应于吸收光谱中显示的受试者的结构性质和生理状态。 关于样本变异性的主要来源的先验信息用于建立主体的一般类别。 通过应用专门针对各种类别的校准方案,减小了频谱干扰,从而提高了预测精度和简单的校准。 公开了两个分类规则。 第一条规则假设这些类是相互排斥的,并将特定的校准模型应用于各种主题类别。 第二条规则使用模糊集理论来开发校准模型和血液分析物预测。 因此,每个校准样本都有机会根据其类别成员影响多个校准模型。 类似地,来自多于一个校准的预测通过去模糊化来组合以产生最终的血液分析物预测。