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1. 发明授权

US6049312A Antenna system with plural reflectors 失效
标题翻译：具有多个反射器的天线系统
公开(公告)号：US6049312A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-11
申请号：US21926
申请日：1998-02-11
申请人： Peter Lord , Howard Luh , Sina Barkeshli , Louis B. Brydon , Jeff Zaine
发明人： Peter Lord , Howard Luh , Sina Barkeshli , Louis B. Brydon , Jeff Zaine
IPC分类号： H01Q19/17 , H01Q1/28 , H01Q5/00 , H01Q5/45 , H01Q19/195 , H01Q25/00 , H01Q19/14
CPC分类号： H01Q19/195 , H01Q1/288 , H01Q5/45
摘要： An antenna system having a front reflector and a rear reflector arranged in tandem, a front feed for illuminating the front reflector, and a rear feed for illuminating the rear reflector. Each of the reflectors has a generally dish-shaped configuration, and the feeds are located in positions offset from axes of the respective reflectors. The front reflector is reflective to a first radiation, while being substantially transparent to a second radiation except for a fraction of the power of the second radiation. The fractional part of the second radiation is reflected from the first reflector as an interfering beam, the interfering beam being scanned away from a coverage region of a beam of the first radiation by an offset between the feeds. The radiations may differ in polarization or in frequency. There may be a complete shading of the rear reflector by the front reflector from the radiation of the rear feed to produce uniform illumination of the rear reflector for greater accuracy in a formation of a beam from the rear reflector. Six degrees of freedom in positioning and orientation of the reflectors and their feeds provides maximum design flexibility for obtaining a compact antenna.
摘要翻译：一种天线系统，具有前置反射器和后部反射器，它们串联布置，用于照射前部反射器的前部馈电和用于照射后部反射器的后部馈电。每个反射器具有通常的碟形构造，并且进给位于偏离各个反射器的轴的位置。前反射器对第一辐射是反射的，而除了第二辐射的功率的一部分之外，第二辐射基本上是透明的。第二辐射的分数部分作为干扰光束从第一反射器反射，干涉光束被扫描从第一辐射的光束的覆盖区域通过馈送之间的偏移。辐射在极化或频率上可能不同。后反射器可以通过前反射器从后馈源的辐射完整地遮蔽后反射器，以产生后反射器的均匀照明，以在从后反射器形成光束时获得更高的精度。反射器及其馈电的六个自由度的定位和定位为获得紧凑型天线提供了最大的设计灵活性。

2. 发明授权

US5963175A One dimensional interleaved multi-beam antenna 失效
标题翻译：一维交织多波束天线
公开(公告)号：US5963175A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-05
申请号：US138601
申请日：1998-08-22
申请人： Douglas G. Burr
发明人： Douglas G. Burr
IPC分类号： H01Q21/28 , H01Q1/28 , H01Q19/13 , H01Q21/08 , H01Q25/00 , H04B7/185 , H01Q19/14
CPC分类号： H01Q19/132 , H01Q1/288 , H01Q21/08 , H01Q25/00 , Y10S343/02
摘要： An efficient multi-beam antenna system for use with a high capacity communications satellite or spacecraft that maximizes frequency re-use of the allocated frequency spectrum. The antenna system has first and second offset reflectors disposed adjacent first and second sides of the spacecraft. A first plurality of the feed horns feed the first reflector, and a second plurality of the feed horns feed the second reflector. The feed horns and offset reflectors cooperate to produce a predetermined number of beams. Even numbered beams use a set of frequencies and polarizations that are orthogonal to a set of frequencies and polarizations used by odd numbered beams. The antenna beams are contiguous in one dimension.
摘要翻译：一种与高容量通信卫星或航天器一起使用的高效多波束天线系统，其最大限度地利用所分配的频谱的频率重用。天线系统具有邻近航天器的第一和第二侧设置的第一和第二偏移反射器。第一组馈电喇叭馈送第一反射器，第二组馈电喇叭馈送第二反射器。馈电喇叭和偏移反射器协作以产生预定数量的光束。偶数光束使用与奇数束使用的一组频率和偏振正交的一组频率和偏振。天线波束在一个维度上是连续的。

3. 发明授权

US5805116A Two-feed full duplex transmitter/receiver for ultra small-aperture satellite communications terminal 失效
标题翻译：双馈全双工发射器/接收器，用于超小型孔径卫星通信终端
公开(公告)号：US5805116A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US880000
申请日：1997-06-20
申请人： Steven A. Morley
发明人： Steven A. Morley
IPC分类号： H01Q5/00 , H01Q5/45 , H01Q19/17 , H04B7/185 , H01Q19/14 , H01Q19/12
CPC分类号： H04B7/18571 , H01Q19/17 , H01Q5/45
摘要： The satellite communications terminal employs separate transmit and receive feedhorns, offset from one another, to achieve adequate isolation of received and transmitted signals during full duplex operation. In one implementation, described herein, the satellite communications terminal employs an ultra-small-aperture dish antenna having an aperture of about one meter. Signals are received and transmitted at Ku band wavelengths of about 12 gigahertz and 14 gigahertz respectively. For this implementation, an extended focal point zone occurs, rather than a discrete focal point. Both the receive and transmit feedhorns are positioned within the focal point zone thereby achieving adequate gain to both reception and transmission. However, the receive and transmit feedhorns are offset from one another to minimize the coupling of feedback transmission signals into the receive feedhorn. In one specific implementation, for use in transmitting signals to and receiving signals from a geosynchronous satellite, the receive feedhorn is positioned at an ideal focal point for reception to maximize the receive gain. The transmit feedhorn is offset within the focal point zone by an amount sufficient to achieve adequate isolation while also minimizing off-axis signal transmissions, which might interfere with the reception of signals by other adjacent geosynchronous satellites. For other implementations, wherein the frequencies of reception and transmission and the characteristics of the antenna dish yield significant Fresnel diffraction effects, the ideal focal points for reception and transmission may be offset from one another. In such implementations, the receive and transmit feedhorns are both positioned at their respective ideal focal points. Method and apparatus implementations of the invention are disclosed.
摘要翻译：卫星通信终端采用独立的发送和接收馈电喇叭，彼此偏移，以在全双工操作期间实现对接收和发送的信号的充分隔离。在本文描述的一个实施方案中，卫星通信终端采用具有大约一米的孔径的超小孔径碟形天线。信号在大约12千兆赫兹和14千兆赫兹的Ku波段波长下被接收和传输。对于这种实现，出现扩展的焦点区域，而不是离散的焦点。接收和发射馈电喇叭都位于焦点区域内，从而实现对接收和传输的充分增益。然而，接收和发射馈电喇叭彼此偏移，以将反馈传输信号耦合到接收馈电喇叭中。在一个具体实现中，为了用于向地球同步卫星发射信号和从地球同步卫星接收信号，接收馈电喇叭位于理想的焦点以进行接收以最大化接收增益。发射馈电喇叭在焦点区域内偏移足以实现充分隔离的量，同时最大限度地减小离轴信号传输，这可能会干扰其他相邻地球同步卫星接收信号。对于其中接收和传输的频率以及天线盘的特性产生显着的菲涅耳衍射效应的其它实施方案，用于接收和传输的理想焦点可能彼此偏移。在这样的实现中，接收和发送馈电喇叭都位于它们各自的理想焦点处。公开了本发明的方法和设备实现。

4. 发明授权

US4823143A Intersecting shared aperture antenna reflectors 失效
标题翻译：共用孔径天线反射器
公开(公告)号：US4823143A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-18
申请号：US184646
申请日：1988-04-22
申请人： Thomas A. Bockrath
发明人： Thomas A. Bockrath
IPC分类号： H01Q25/00 , H01Q19/14
CPC分类号： H01Q25/001
摘要： Two reflecting surfaces (102, 104) pass through each other at an intersection line (450) lying in a plane of symmetry (106). The two surfaces share a common aperture (101) and the surface contours of the two surfaces are preferably mirror images of each other and are arranged such that the respective two foci (110, 120) of the two surfaces are equidistant (108) from the center of the shared aperture and offset from each other in equal and opposite directions (109a, 109b) from the plane of symmetry.
摘要翻译：两个反射表面（102,104）在位于对称平面（106）的交叉线（450）处相互穿过。两个表面共享共同的孔（101），并且两个表面的表面轮廓优选地彼此是镜像，并且被布置成使得两个表面的相应的两个焦点（110,120）等距离（108）共享孔径的中心，并且在与对称平面相同且相反的方向（109a，109b）彼此偏移。

5. 发明授权

US4792813A Antenna system for hybrid communications satellite 失效
标题翻译：混合通信卫星天线系统
公开(公告)号：US4792813A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-20
申请号：US896533
申请日：1986-08-14
申请人： Harold A. Rosen
发明人： Harold A. Rosen
IPC分类号： H01Q19/10 , H01Q5/00 , H01Q5/45 , H01Q19/17 , H01Q19/195 , H01Q25/00 , H01Q19/14
CPC分类号： H01Q25/001 , H01Q5/45 , Y10S343/02
摘要： A satellite communications system employs separate subsystems for providing broadcast and point-to-point two-way communications using the same assigned frequency band. The broadcast and point-to-point subsystems employ an integrated satellite antenna system which uses a common reflector (12). The point-to-point subsystem achieves increased communication capacity through the reuse of the assigned frequency band over multiple, contiguous zones (32, 34, 36, 38) covering the area of the earth to be serviced. Small aperture terminals in the zones are serviced by a plurality of high gain downlink fan beams (29) steered in the east-west direction by frequency address. A special beam-forming network (98) provides in conjunction with an array antenna (20) the multiple zone frequency address function. The satellite (10) employs a filter interconnection matrix (90) for connecting earth terminals in different zones in a manner which permits multiple reuse of the entire band of assigned frequencies. A single pool of solid state transmitters allows rain disadvantaged users to be assigned higher than normal power at minimum cost. The intermodulation products of the transmitters are geographically dispersed.
摘要翻译：卫星通信系统采用单独的子系统，用于使用相同的分配频带提供广播和点对点双向通信。广播和点对点子系统采用使用公共反射器（12）的集成卫星天线系统。点对点子系统通过在覆盖要被维护的地球区域的多个连续区域（32,34,36,38）上重新使用分配的频带来实现增加的通信容量。区域中的小孔径终端由多个通过频率地址在东西方向转向的高增益下行风扇波束（29）提供服务。特殊的波束形成网络（98）结合阵列天线（20）提供多频带地址功能。卫星（10）采用滤波器互连矩阵（90），用于以允许分配频率的整个频带的多重重用的方式在不同区域中连接接地端子。一个单一的固态发射器池允许雨水处于不利地位的用户以最低的成本分配高于正常功率。发射机的互调产物在地理上分散。

6. 发明授权

US4647943A Mesh dish antenna and hub 失效
标题翻译：网格天线和集线器
公开(公告)号：US4647943A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-03
申请号：US717360
申请日：1985-03-29
申请人： Richard J. Metcalfe
发明人： Richard J. Metcalfe
IPC分类号： H01Q15/16 , H01Q19/02 , H01Q19/14
CPC分类号： H01Q15/168
摘要： The ribs of a mesh-type parabolic antenna or the like are clamped in a radial arrangement between the side walls of adjacent wedges in a hub. The hub includes a plate with a flange extending from the interior thereof. The wedges are arranged on the plate radially about the circumference of the flange. Each wedge has side walls tapering inwardly toward a front end thereof. The front ends of the wedges are drawn toward the flange and fastened thereto, thereby clamping the ribs therebetween. Each of the ribs includes a channel, and a plurality of locking strips are provided for insertion into the rib channels. Antenna mesh panels bridging adjacent ribs are held to the ribs at the panel edges by the locking strips.
摘要翻译：网状抛物面天线等的肋状物以轮毂的相邻楔形物的侧壁之间的径向布置夹持。轮毂包括具有从其内部延伸的凸缘的板。楔形件围绕凸缘的圆周径向布置在板上。每个楔具有朝向其前端向内逐渐变细的侧壁。楔形物的前端被拉向凸缘并固定在其上，从而将肋夹紧在其间。每个肋包括通道，并且提供多个锁定条以用于插入到肋通道中。桥接相邻肋的天线网板通过锁定条保持在板边缘处的肋。

7. 发明授权

US4298877A Offset-fed multi-beam tracking antenna system utilizing especially shaped reflector surfaces 失效
标题翻译：使用特殊形状的反射器表面的偏移馈入多光束跟踪天线系统
公开(公告)号：US4298877A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-03
申请号：US7155
申请日：1979-01-26
申请人： Carlyle J. Sletten
发明人： Carlyle J. Sletten
IPC分类号： H01Q1/12 , H01Q3/18 , H01Q19/19 , H01Q25/00 , H01Q19/14
CPC分类号： H01Q3/18 , H01Q1/1264 , H01Q19/192 , H01Q25/007
摘要： A reflector antenna system is described suitable for ground stations used in communication with geostationary satellites. Dual beams or multi-beams can be directed at several satellites spaced angularly from 5.degree. to 20.degree. apart and these beams are scanned by feed motion keeping a single main reflector surface fixed. Offset feed geometry is used for low aperture blocking and shaping of subreflectors and main reflector results in very high aperture efficiencies, low sidelobes and symmetric low cross-polarization patterns needed for satellite links. A novel method for shaping subreflectors using the ratios of ray lengths squared and variable focal lengths is applied in the optimally tilted offset geometry results in almost uniform aperture power distributions. A new general procedure for shaping doubly curved surfaces intercepting a known population of rays such that these rays are focused to a point or reflected in a given direction is used to shape the main reflector for elimination of aperture phase errors and to shape a second subreflector which focuses perfectly to the apex of a second feed horn.
摘要翻译：描述适用于与地球同步卫星通信的地面站的反射器天线系统。双光束或多光束可以定向在距离5°至20°的角度间隔的几颗卫星上，这些光束通过进给运动扫描，保持单个主反射器表面固定。偏移进给几何用于低反射器和主反射器的低孔径阻挡和成形，导致卫星链路所需的非常高的孔径效率，低旁瓣和对称的低交叉极化图案。在最佳倾斜的偏移几何形状中应用使用光线长度平方和可变焦距的比率来形成次反射器的新颖方法导致几乎均匀的孔径功率分布。用于成形双曲面的新的一般程序用于遮蔽已知的射线群，使得这些射线被聚焦到一个点或者在给定的方向上被反射，以形成主反射器以消除孔径相位误差并形成第二子反射器完美地聚焦于第二个饲料角的顶点。

8. 发明授权

US4272769A Microwave antenna with parabolic main reflector 失效
标题翻译：具有抛物线主反射器的微波天线
公开(公告)号：US4272769A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-09
申请号：US69968
申请日：1979-08-27
申请人： Frederick A. Young , Willard V. T. Rusch
发明人： Frederick A. Young , Willard V. T. Rusch
IPC分类号： H01Q19/19 , H01Q19/14
CPC分类号： H01Q19/19
摘要： A conical scan microwave antenna having a stationary fixed axially symmetric primary reflector consisting of any concave surface of revolution along with a spherical wave point source feed-and-subreflector assembly potentially rotatable about the axis of the primary reflector, and with the surface of the subreflecror being shaped so that the reflection of the spherical wave from the feed and off of the subreflector strikes the primary antenna and is reflected as a co-planar wavefront from every point on the primary reflector, and, further, the subreflector-and-feed assembly is located outside of the aperture of the reflected pencil beam such that for any given scan position of the subreflector, no portion of the reflected wavefront intersects the subreflector or its feed.
摘要翻译：锥形扫描微波天线，具有固定的轴向对称初级反射器，其由任意的凹面转动，以及可围绕主反射器的轴线旋转的球面波源馈入和副反射器组件，以及副折射率的表面被成形为使得来自子反射器的进给和关闭的球面波的反射撞击主天线，并且作为来自主反射器上的每个点的共面波前反射，并且还包括副反射器和馈送组件位于反射的射线束的孔径的外侧，使得对于子反射器的任何给定的扫描位置，反射波前部分没有与子反射器或其进给相交。

9. 发明授权

US4115782A Microwave antenna system 失效
标题翻译：微波天线系统
公开(公告)号：US4115782A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-19
申请号：US698254
申请日：1976-06-21
申请人： Ching C. Han , Harry J. Gould
发明人： Ching C. Han , Harry J. Gould
IPC分类号： G01R29/08 , H01Q1/28 , H01Q13/02 , H01Q19/17 , H01Q21/06 , H01Q21/24 , H01Q19/14 , H01Q19/12
CPC分类号： H01Q1/288 , H01Q13/0241 , H01Q19/17 , H01Q21/064
摘要： An antenna for use in propagating or receiving microwave radiation having both left-hand and right-hand circular polarization. The left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized radiation may be transmitted or received simultaneously without interference with one another, that is, they are isolated from one another by 27 dB or more. The preferred antenna comprises an array of closely clustered waveguide elements each of which converts respective linearly polarized signals to left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized signals and vice versa. Isolation means also are provided in each of the waveguide elements for preventing radiation either propagated or received by a waveguide element from being coupled into the radiation being propagated or received by other waveguide elements in the array. Preferably, square waveguide is utilized for the array elements and the isolation is provided by a plurality of conductive elements mounted on each of the open ends of the waveguide elements. The cluster array of waveguide elements may include dummy elements, may be fed with electromagnetic signals having various phase and power differences to produce desired radiation transmission or reception patterns and may be used to illuminate a parabolic reflector having a secondary radiation pattern. A single waveguide element or an array of them may be used in communications satellites and the like or may be used in radar or other applications.
摘要翻译：用于传播或接收具有左旋和右旋圆偏振的微波辐射的天线。可以同时传输或接收左侧和右侧的圆偏振辐射，而不会彼此干涉，即它们彼此隔离27 dB或更多。优选的天线包括紧密聚簇的波导元件的阵列，每个波导元件将各自的线偏振信号转换成左旋和右旋圆极化信号，反之亦然。在每个波导元件中也设有隔离装置，用于防止由波导元件传播或接收的辐射被耦合到由阵列中的其它波导元件传播或接收的辐射中。优选地，方波导用于阵列元件，并且隔离由安装在波导元件的每个开放端的多个导电元件提供。波导元件的簇阵列可以包括虚拟元件，可以馈送具有各种相位和功率差的电磁信号以产生期望的辐射透射或接收图案，并且可以用于照射具有次级辐射图案的抛物面反射器。单个波导元件或它们的阵列可以用在通信卫星等中，或者可以用于雷达或其他应用中。

10. 发明授权

US3990080A Antenna with echo cancelling elements 失效
标题翻译：具有回波消除元件的天线
公开(公告)号：US3990080A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-02
申请号：US597368
申请日：1975-07-21
申请人： Carl William Lundgren, Jr. , George Walter Travis
发明人： Carl William Lundgren, Jr. , George Walter Travis
IPC分类号： H01Q19/02 , H01Q19/14
CPC分类号： H01Q19/025
摘要： Improvements are made in a dual frequency echo cancelling assembly for mounting in a hole in the subreflector of a Cassegrainian antenna. Subreflector echo returned to the feed system is cancelled in two frequency ranges by a reflection from the echo cancelling assembly which includes a flat plate, a guard ring surrounding the plate, and a conductive grid between the plate and the feed system. The improvements include wide, thin grid conductors electrically connected to the guard ring and a ring of reflective or absorptive material surrounding the guard ring to cover the subreflector hole edge. When the improved assembly is adjusted for best performance, a stronger reflection in the direction of the feed system is obtained for echo cancelling without sharp resonance peaks. The required diameter for the improved dual frequency echo cancelling assembly is smaller, minimizing blockage of the subreflector and undesirable scattering.
摘要翻译：在双频回波消除组件中进行改进，用于安装在卡塞格兰天线的子反射器的孔中。通过来自回波消除组件的反射在两个频率范围内返回到馈送系统的子反射器回波被消除，该回波消除组件包括平板，围绕板的保护环和板与馈电系统之间的导电栅格。这些改进包括电连接到保护环的宽的细格栅导体和围绕保护环的反射或吸收材料的环以覆盖副反射器孔边缘。当改进的组件被调整以获得最佳性能时，在进给系统的方向上获得更强的反射，用于没有尖锐共振峰值的回波消除。改进的双频回波消除组件的所需直径较小，使得次反射器的阻塞最小化和不期望的散射。

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