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1. 发明授权

US6045761A Process and device for the conversion of a greenhouse gas 失效
标题翻译：温室气体转化的工艺和装置
公开(公告)号：US6045761A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US930915
申请日：1997-10-14
申请人： Alain Bill , Baldur Eliasson , Eric Killer , Ulrich Kogelschatz
发明人： Alain Bill , Baldur Eliasson , Eric Killer , Ulrich Kogelschatz
IPC分类号： B01D53/32 , B01J19/08 , C07C29/50 , C01B21/00 , F01N3/10 , H05F3/00 , F28D8/04
CPC分类号： C07C29/50 , B01D53/32 , B01D53/323 , B01J19/088 , Y02C20/20
摘要： So that fuels can be produced efficiently from an undesirable greenhouse gas, the gas is subjected, together with a catalyst gas, preferably nitrogen or nitrous oxide, and a hydrogen-containing gas or vapour, to a silent electric discharge in a 1st reactor (4). In the process, excited or ionized atoms and/or molecules are formed which are converted, in a catalyst reactor (8) comprising a copper-containing 1st catalyst (8'), to H.sub.2 and possibly CO. Via an expansion valve (9), a liquid (13) separates from a fuel in a liquid vessel (11). Gases escaping from the liquid vessel (11) are passed over a thermal reactor (14) containing a 2nd catalyst (15) and expanded via an expansion valve (16). In a downstream liquid vessel (11') CH.sub.3 OH, for example, separates as the desired liquid fuel (13'). The 1st reactor (4) and the thermal reactor (14) may be combined in a container comprising a plurality of reaction chambers which are parallel to one another.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CH97 / 00042 Sec。 371日期1997年10月14日第 102（e）日期1997年10月14日PCT 1997年2月11日提交PCT公布。出版物WO97 / 29833 日期1997年8月21日由于燃料可以从不期望的温室气体中有效地生产，所以将气体与催化剂气体，优选氮或一氧化二氮，含氢气体或蒸气一起经受静音放电第一反应堆（4）。在此过程中，形成激发的或离子化的原子和/或分子，其在包含含铜的第一催化剂（8'）的催化剂反应器（8）中转化为H 2，并且可能地经由膨胀阀（9）液体（13）与液体容器（11）中的燃料分离。从液体容器（11）排出的气体通过含有第二催化剂（15）的热反应器（14），并通过膨胀阀（16）膨胀。例如，在下游液体容器（11'）CH3OH中分离为所需的液体燃料（13'）。第一反应器（4）和热反应器（14）可以组合在包括彼此平行的多个反应室的容器中。

2. 发明授权

US5951953A Mixing assembly for gaseous flows at different temperatures, in particular for heterogeneous exothermic synthesis reactors 失效
标题翻译：用于不同温度气体流的混合组件，特别是用于异相放热合成反应器
公开(公告)号：US5951953A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-14
申请号：US682710
申请日：1996-07-30
申请人： Umberto Zardi , Giorgio Pagani
发明人： Umberto Zardi , Giorgio Pagani
IPC分类号： B01F3/02 , B01F5/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J8/04 , B01J19/26 , F28D7/00 , F28D8/04
CPC分类号： B01J8/0492 , B01J8/0257 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/043 , B01J8/0453
摘要： The present invention relates to method for mixing gaseous flows at different temperatures. In particular, the present invention relates to heterogeneous exothermic synthesis reactors of the type including a plurality of superimposed catalytic beds wherein at least one of the beds is provided with a gas permeable wall for outlet of a hot gas flow. This method includes the steps of supplying gaseous reagents to at least one bed; reacting the gaseous reagents in that bed; and collecting a hot reaction gas flow leaving the gas permeable wall in an air space defined between the bed and a baffle extending below and parallel thereto. Further steps require directing the hot gas flow in the air space radially outward to an annular opening of constant thickness defined between the baffle and a side wall supporting the bed, wherein the ratio of the width of the annular opening and the thickness of the air space being between 0.2 and 1. Then, hot gas flow is discharged from air space through the annular opening and is subjected to a pressure drop of predetermined magnitude so as to uniform its flow rate. Finally, a cooling gas flow is injected into hot gas flow thus obtained, wherein cooling gas flow is provided at predetermined velocity from a perforated distributor supported below baffle, which is at a predetermined distance from the annular opening.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP95 / 00718 Sec。 371日期：1996年7月30日 102（e）日期1996年7月30日PCT 1995年2月25日提交PCT公布。 WO95 / 23642 PCT出版物日期1995年9月8日本发明涉及在不同温度下混合气流的方法。特别地，本发明涉及包括多个叠加催化床的类型的异相放热合成反应器，其中至少一个床设置有用于热气流出口的气体渗透壁。该方法包括向至少一个床提供气态试剂的步骤; 使该床中的气态试剂反应; 并收集热气体流动，将气体可渗透壁留在空气空间中，所述空气空间限定在床与位于其下方并与其平行的挡板之间。进一步的步骤需要将空气中的热气流径向向外引导到限定在挡板和支撑床之间的侧壁之间的恒定厚度的环形开口，其中环形开口的宽度与空气空间的厚度之比在0.2和1之间。然后，热气流从空气空间通过环形开口排出，并经受预定量级的压力降，以使流量均匀。最后，将冷却气体流注入由此获得的热气流中，其中冷却气体流以预定的速度从支撑在与环形开口预定距离的挡板下面的穿孔分布器提供。

3. 发明授权

US6030594A Catalyst 失效
标题翻译：催化剂
公开(公告)号：US6030594A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US239064
申请日：1999-01-27
申请人： Andrew Mark Ward
发明人： Andrew Mark Ward
IPC分类号： B01J12/00 , B01J19/00 , B01J19/18 , B01J35/02 , B01J35/06 , C01B21/26 , B01D50/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J21/04 , F28D8/04
CPC分类号： B01J12/007 , B01J19/0013 , B01J19/18 , B01J35/02 , B01J35/06 , C01B21/267 , B01J2219/00157 , B01J2219/3221 , B01J2219/32231 , B01J2219/32286 , B01J2219/32408 , B01J2219/32466
摘要： A catalyst unit for use in an exothermic reaction, such as ammonia oxidation, comprises a material effective as a catalyst for said reaction having a shape conforming to a disc or cone having a plurality of radially extending corrugations. The catalyst unit may be disposed across a reactor with a start-up burner disposed above the catalyst unit and mounted for rotation about the axis of the reactor. The burner tube is pivoted and provided with means, for example a follower engaging with the upper surface of the catalyst unit, so that as the burner is rotated about the axis the burner tube pivots to maintain the burner tube a constant distance above the upper surface of the catalyst unit.
摘要翻译：用于放热反应（例如氨氧化）的催化剂单元包含有效作为所述反应的催化剂的材料，其具有与具有多个径向延伸波纹的盘或锥体相符的形状。催化剂单元可以布置在具有设置在催化剂单元上方的启动燃烧器的反应器上，并且安装成围绕反应器的轴线旋转。燃烧器管枢转并设置有装置，例如与催化剂单元的上表面接合的随动件，使得当燃烧器围绕轴线旋转时，燃烧器管枢转以将燃烧器管保持在上表面上方恒定的距离的催化剂单元。

4. 发明授权

US5955041A Natural circulation reactor and use for producing linear and cyclic acetals 失效
标题翻译：自然循环反应器，用于生产线性和环状缩醛
公开(公告)号：US5955041A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-21
申请号：US534550
申请日：1995-09-27
申请人： Dieter Arnold , Bernhard Hierholzer , Hubert Wloch , Karl-Friedrich Muck
发明人： Dieter Arnold , Bernhard Hierholzer , Hubert Wloch , Karl-Friedrich Muck
IPC分类号： B01J19/24 , C07D323/06 , F28D8/04 , B01D3/02
CPC分类号： C07D323/06 , B01J19/006 , B01J19/246 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00085
摘要： This invention relates to a reactor 1 for the continuous production of linear or cyclic acetals, in particular trioxane, dioxolane, tetroxane, dimethoxymethane, diethoxymethane, diethoxyethane and dibutoxyethane. This reactor has internal adjacently arranged evaporator elements 2, which allow for flow-through of a heat transport medium, and which are at least two meters high so as to generate a thermosiphon flow. The clear cross section between the evaporator elements is 20 to 80% of the overall cross section. Using the reactor, circulation ratios of up to 250 can be achieved. Thus, the reliability and availability of a production plant is increased while the susceptibility to breakdown decreases.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于连续生产线性或环状缩醛的反应器1，特别是三恶烷，二氧戊环，四氧杂环己烷，二甲氧基甲烷，二乙氧基甲烷，二乙氧基乙烷和二丁氧基乙烷。该反应器具有内部相邻布置的蒸发器元件2，其允许传热介质的流过，并且其高度至少为两米，以便产生热虹吸管流。蒸发器元件之间的透明横截面为整个横截面的20至80％。使用反应器，可实现高达250的循环比。因此，生产设备的可靠性和可用性增加，而击穿的易感性降低。

5. 发明授权

US06878353B2 Hydrogen storage bed system including an integrated thermal management system 失效
标题翻译：储氢床系统包括综合热管理系统
公开(公告)号：US06878353B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-12
申请号：US09843201
申请日：2001-04-25
申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky , Rosa T. Young , Yang Li , Vitaliy Myasnikov , Valeriy Sobolev , Farshad Bavarian
发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky , Rosa T. Young , Yang Li , Vitaliy Myasnikov , Valeriy Sobolev , Farshad Bavarian
IPC分类号： C01B3/00 , C22C23/02 , F17C11/00 , F17C13/02 , F28D15/02 , H01M8/00 , H01M8/04 , F28D8/04
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , C01B3/0005 , C01B3/0031 , F17C11/005 , F17C2221/012 , F17C2227/0302 , F17C2227/0337 , F17C2270/0184 , Y02E60/321 , Y02E60/327 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A hydrogen storage bed system which includes a pressure container, a hydrogen storage alloy disposed within the pressure container, and an integrated thermal management system integrally disposed within the pressure container. The integrated thermal management system includes heat generation means, cooling means adapted to use an aerosol coolant, and heat distribution means.
摘要翻译：一种储氢床系统，包括压力容器，设置在压力容器内的储氢合金，以及一体地设置在压力容器内的集成热管理系统。集成热管理系统包括发热装置，适于使用气溶胶冷却剂的冷却装置和散热装置。

6. 发明授权

US5989503A Process and apparatus for methanol reforming 失效
标题翻译：甲醇重整的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5989503A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-23
申请号：US990721
申请日：1997-12-15
申请人： Norbert Wiesheu , Detlef zur Megede , Rainer Autenrieth
发明人： Norbert Wiesheu , Detlef zur Megede , Rainer Autenrieth
IPC分类号： B01J8/00 , B01J8/06 , B01J12/00 , B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , C01B3/32 , F28D8/04 , B01J8/04 , F28D7/00
CPC分类号： B01J19/0053 , B01J12/00 , B01J12/007 , B01J19/0066 , B01J19/2425 , B01J19/249 , B01J8/008 , B01J8/06 , B01J8/067 , C01B3/323 , B01J2208/00044 , B01J2208/00088 , B01J2208/00168 , B01J2208/00548 , B01J2208/022 , B01J2219/00198 , B01J2219/00238 , B01J2219/0024 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/247 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Process and apparatus for methanol reforming in producing hydrogen gas for electric vehicle fuel cells in which the gas mixture to be reformed is passed through a catalyst-containing reaction compartment. The active length and/or the active inlet cross-section of an intake-side reaction compartment section which is temperature-controlled for high methanol conversion can be set as a function of the throughput of gas mixture to be reformed. Thereby, an essentially constant residence period of the gas mixture to be reformed results in the reaction compartment section which is temperature-controlled for high methanol conversion. The methanol reforming may thus be carried out even in the case of markedly fluctuating throughputs of gas mixture to be reformed with a constant level of methanol conversion rate and constantly low formation of undesirable carbon monoxide.
摘要翻译：用于生产用于电动车辆燃料电池的氢气的甲醇重整的方法和装置，其中待重整的气体混合物通过含催化剂的反应室。可以将用于高甲醇转化温度控制的进气侧反应室部分的有效长度和/或主动入口横截面设定为要重整的气体混合物的通过量的函数。因此，要重组的气体混合物的基本上恒定的停留时间导致用于高甲醇转化的温度控制的反应室部分。因此，即使在甲醇转化率恒定水平和不期望的一氧化碳的不断形成的情况下，也可以进行重整气体混合物的生产量显着变动的情况。

7. 发明授权

US5958349A Reaction vessel for heat-exchanging chemical processes 失效
标题翻译：用于热交换化学过程的反应容器
公开(公告)号：US5958349A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US808325
申请日：1997-02-28
申请人： Kurt E. Petersen , William A. McMillan , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , Steven J. Young
发明人： Kurt E. Petersen , William A. McMillan , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , Steven J. Young
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , B01L3/00 , B01L7/00 , G01N21/03 , F28D8/04 , G01N21/29 , G01N21/47
CPC分类号： B01L3/505 , B01J19/0093 , B01L7/52 , G01N21/0303 , G01N21/0332 , B01J2219/00873
摘要： A reaction vessel for holding a sample for a heat-exchanging chemical process has two opposing major faces and a plurality of contiguous minor faces joining the major faces to each other. The major and minor faces form an enclosed chamber having a triangular-shaped bottom portion. The ratio of the thermal conductance of the major faces to that of the minor faces is at least 2:1, and the minor faces forming the triangular-shaped bottom portion of the chamber are optically transmissive. The vessel also has a port for introducing a sample into the chamber and a cap for sealing the chamber.
摘要翻译：用于保持用于热交换化学过程的样品的反应容器具有两个相对的主面和将主面彼此连接的多个连续的小面。主面和次面形成具有三角形底部的封闭室。主面与小面的热导率之比至少为2:1，形成腔的三角形底部的小面光学透光。容器还具有用于将样品引入室中的端口和用于密封室的盖。

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