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1. 发明授权

US06796122B2 Fluidized bed combustion with heat engine 失效
标题翻译：流化床燃烧与热机
公开(公告)号：US06796122B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-28
申请号：US10376810
申请日：2003-02-28
申请人： James M. Scranton
发明人： James M. Scranton
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： C10J3/463 , C10J3/86 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/165 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1675 , C10J2300/1687 , F01K23/061 , F02C3/205 , F02G1/043 , F02G1/055 , F22B31/0061 , Y02P20/129
摘要： Embodiments of the invention include a sleeved heat engine that can be used in a fluidized bed combustion system and a fluidized bed combustion system with heat engines. In one embodiment, a heat engine includes an enclosed cylinder, a fixed charge of gas in the cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, and a sleeve spaced apart from and surrounding part of the cylinder. The sleeve defines a passage along part of the cylinder to carry, for example, combustion air introduced into a fluidized bed combustion chamber. In another embodiment, a system includes a combustion chamber, a bed of sand in the combustion chamber, multiple air passages penetrating the combustion chamber such that air entering the combustion chamber through the passages passes through the sand, and multiple heat engines disposed along the combustion chamber such that at least a part of each heat engine is exposed to sand in the bed of sand.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例包括可用于流化床燃烧系统的套管式热机和具有热力发动机的流化床燃烧系统。在一个实施例中，热发动机包括封闭的气缸，气缸中的固定气体量，气缸中的活塞以及与气缸间隔开并围绕气缸周围的套筒。套筒限定了沿着圆筒的一部分的通道，以承载例如引入流化床燃烧室的燃烧空气。在另一个实施例中，系统包括燃烧室，燃烧室中的沙子床，穿过燃烧室的多个空气通道，使得通过通道进入燃烧室的空气通过砂子，以及沿燃烧设置的多个热机使得每个热机的至少一部分暴露在沙床中的沙子上。

2. 发明授权

US06786043B1 Integrated circuit fluid ejection device 失效
标题翻译：集成电路流体喷射装置
公开(公告)号：US06786043B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US10666269
申请日：2003-09-22
申请人： Kia Silverbrook
发明人： Kia Silverbrook
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： B41J2/14427
摘要： A fluid ejection device includes a substrate. Nozzle chamber walls are arranged on the substrate and define a plurality of nozzle chambers. The substrate defines a plurality of fluid inlet channels in fluid communication with the nozzle chambers to supply fluid to the nozzle chambers. Drive circuitry is arranged on the substrate. A plurality of micro-electromechanical devices is positioned on the substrate. Each device includes an elongate actuator having a fixed end that is fast with the substrate and a working end that is displaceable along a path relative to the substrate to perform work. The actuator includes a pair of elongate arms that are spaced relative to each other along the path and are connected to each other at each end. One of the arms is connected to the drive circuitry to define a heating circuit and is of a material that is capable of expansion when heated, such that, when the heating circuit receives an electrical signal from the drive circuitry, that arm expands relative to the other to deform the actuator and thus displace said working end along said path. A fluid displacement member is fixed to the working end of the elongate actuator and is positioned in a respective nozzle chamber so that displacement of the working end and thus the fluid displacement member results in the ejection of fluid from the nozzle chamber.
摘要翻译：流体喷射装置包括基板。喷嘴室壁布置在基板上并限定多个喷嘴室。衬底限定与喷嘴室流体连通的多个流体入口通道，以将流体供应到喷嘴室。驱动电路设置在基板上。多个微机电装置位于基板上。每个装置包括细长致动器，其具有与基板快速的固定端，以及可沿着相对于基板的路径移动以执行工作的工作端。致动器包括一对细长臂，其沿着路径彼此间隔开，并且在每个端部彼此连接。臂中的一个连接到驱动电路以限定加热电路，并且是当加热时能够膨胀的材料，使得当加热电路从驱动电路接收电信号时，该臂相对于另一个使致动器变形，从而沿着所述路径移动所述工作端。流体移动构件固定到细长致动器的工作端并且定位在相应的喷嘴室中，使得工作端和因此的流体移动构件的位移导致流体从喷嘴室的喷射。

3. 发明授权

US06708492B2 Resonant thermal out-of-plane buckle-beam actuator 有权
标题翻译：共振热失真平面扣梁致动器
公开(公告)号：US06708492B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-23
申请号：US10052169
申请日：2002-01-17
申请人： Michael J. Sinclair
发明人： Michael J. Sinclair
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： B81B3/0024 , B81B2201/042 , B81B2203/053 , B81B2203/055 , B81B2203/058
摘要： An out-of-plane thermal buckle-beam microelectrical mechanical actuator is formed on a planar substrate of semiconductor material (e.g., silicon). The actuator includes first and second anchors secured to the substrate and multiple elongated thermal buckle beams that are secured between the anchors. The buckle beams are formed of semiconductor material, such as polysilicon. In one implementation, the buckling beams are coupled together by a pivot frame that includes a frame base secured to each buckle beam and at least one pivot arm that is coupled to the frame base at one end and includes a free end that pivots out-of-plane when the actuator is activated. A cyclic current source directs cyclic electrical current through the thermal buckle beams via the anchors to impart thermal expansion of the buckle beams and hence a cyclic buckling motion of them out of the plane (i.e., away from) the substrate. In one implementation, the actuator has a characteristic resonant deflection frequency range and the cyclic current is of a first frequency within the resonant deflection frequency range.
摘要翻译：在半导体材料（例如硅）的平面基板上形成面外热弯曲束微电子机械致动器。致动器包括固定到基底的第一和第二锚固件以及固定在锚固件之间的多个细长的热带扣梁。带扣梁由诸如多晶硅的半导体材料形成。在一个实施方案中，屈曲梁通过枢轴框架联接在一起，枢轴框架包括固定到每个带扣梁的框架基座和至少一个枢转臂，该枢轴臂在一端处联接到框架基座，并且包括枢转在外侧的自由端当执行器被激活时平面。循环电流源通过锚定件引导循环电流通过热带扣梁，以使带扣梁的热膨胀，从而使它们的循环屈曲运动离开平面（即远离基板）。在一个实施方案中，致动器具有特征谐振偏转频率范围，并且循环电流在谐振偏转频率范围内是第一频率。

4. 发明授权

US06701709B2 Cylindrical cam stirling engine drive 失效
标题翻译：圆柱凸轮斯特林发动机驱动
公开(公告)号：US06701709B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-09
申请号：US10222610
申请日：2002-08-16
申请人： Donald Isaac, Jr. , Alphonse Vassallo , Ronald J. Steele
发明人： Donald Isaac, Jr. , Alphonse Vassallo , Ronald J. Steele
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： F01B3/0002 , F01B3/04 , F02G1/043 , F02G1/044 , F02G2244/50
摘要： A Stirling engine includes a grooved cam drive mechanism with followers having a pair of longitudinally displaced bearings. One roller bearing is adapted to ride along an upper surface of the cam groove, while the other roller bearing is adapted to ride along a lower surface of the cam groove. Each follower includes an outer shaft on which a first bearing is mounted, and an inner shaft extending through the outer shaft on which a second bearing is mounted. A preferably annular space is provided between the inner and outer shafts when the follower is in an unloaded state. Then, when the follower is engaged within the grooved cam, the inner shaft is cantilevered relative to outer shaft within the annular space and results in pre-loading the first bearing against one inner surface of the groove cam and the second bearing against an opposite inner surface of the grooved cam.
摘要翻译：斯特林发动机包括具有随动件的带凹槽的凸轮驱动机构，其具有一对纵向位移的轴承。一个滚子轴承适于沿着凸轮槽的上表面骑行，而另一个滚子轴承适于沿着凸轮槽的下表面骑行。每个从动件包括安装有第一轴承的外轴和穿过安装有第二轴承的外轴延伸的内轴。当从动件处于无负载状态时，在内轴和外轴之间设置优选的环形空间。然后，当从动件接合在槽形凸轮内部时，内轴在环形空间内相对于外轴悬臂，并且导致将第一轴承预先装载在凹槽凸轮的一个内表面上，而第二轴承抵靠相对的内部凹槽凸轮的表面。

5. 发明授权

US06698200B1 Efficiency thermodynamic engine 失效
标题翻译：效率热力发动机
公开(公告)号：US06698200B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-02
申请号：US09853307
申请日：2001-05-11
申请人： Kenneth M. Rauen
发明人： Kenneth M. Rauen
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： F02G1/02 , F01B29/10 , F02B75/02 , Y02T10/16
摘要： A novel thermodynamic engines including a piston operating on a compressible fluid in a thermally insulated volume, which also includes a movable displacer which selectively divides the internal volume between a warm and a cold side, and a regenerator through which the fluid from the selectively divided volume passes and transfer its heat to or receives heat from, wherein the piston and displacer are each periodically moved in various complex motions according to the present invention to provide efficiency higher than Carnot efficiency. The resulting novel structures and methods, generally referred to as “Superclassical Cycle” engines, incorporate constant volume cooling and aspects of the “Proell Effect” (relative to cooling) to achieve improved efficiencies wherein the gas temperature on the cold side of a fluid displacer is below the lowest regenerator temperature due to “self-refrigeration.” Thus according to the apparatus and methods according to the present invention, the traditional principals of the Second Law is further refined and higher operating efficiencies achieved.
摘要翻译：一种新颖的热力发动机，其包括在热绝缘体积中的可压缩流体上运行的活塞，其还包括可选择性地分隔暖和冷侧之间的内部体积的可移动置换器和来自选择性分割体积的流体的再生器将热量传递并传递至其中，其中根据本发明，活塞和置换器各自周期性地以各种复杂运动方式移动，以提供高于卡诺效率的效率。所得到的新颖结构和方法通常被称为“超级循环”发动机，结合恒定体积冷却和“Proell效应”（相对于冷却）的方面来实现改进的效率，其中流体置换器的冷侧的气体温度由于“自制”而低于最低的再生器温度。因此，根据本发明的装置和方法，进一步完善了第二定律的传统原则，实现了更高的运行效率。

6. 发明授权

US06668550B2 Method and apparatus for converting dissipated heat to work energy 有权
公开(公告)号：US06668550B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-30
申请号：US09994175
申请日：2001-11-26
申请人： Kazuaki Yazawa , Avram Bar-Cohen
发明人： Kazuaki Yazawa , Avram Bar-Cohen
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： F03G7/065
摘要： A method for converting low temperature dissipated heat to other useful energy and apparatus therefor. Heat energy is transferred to a shape memory alloy using natural conduction of the heat. The kinetic energy of the shape memory alloy resulting from cyclic temperature variations is transferred to another type of energy such as electrical energy.

7. 发明授权

US06591610B2 Converting dissipated heat to work energy using a thermo-acoustic generator 有权
标题翻译：使用热声发生器将耗散的热量转换为工作能量
公开(公告)号：US06591610B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-15
申请号：US09994170
申请日：2001-11-26
申请人： Kazuaki Yazawa , Avram Bar-Cohen
发明人： Kazuaki Yazawa , Avram Bar-Cohen
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： F02G1/043 , F02G2243/54 , F04F7/00
摘要： An apparatus and method for converting waste heat from a low temperature heat source, such as an electrical component, to work energy and for efficiently transferring unconverted or remaining waste heat away from the heat source. The apparatus includes a chamber having a first location adapted to receive heat from the heat source, and a second location adapted to dissipate heat transferred via an acoustic wave in the chamber. The acoustic wave may be produced by a first vibration member coupled to an interior surface of the chamber and disposed at an end of the chamber, where the first vibration member is adapted to vibrate at a resonant frequency of the chamber. Alternatively, a first and a second vibration member that are both adapted to vibrate at the resonant frequency of the chamber may be disposed equidistant from opposing ends of the chamber to produce a standing acoustic wave within the chamber. Each vibration member is coupled to a respective transducer that senses a deformation of the respective vibration member and generates a proportional AC voltage which may be stored in an electrical storage for supply to an external load.
摘要翻译：将来自诸如电气部件的低温热源的废热转换为工作能量并有效地将未转换的或剩余的废热转移离开热源的装置和方法。该装置包括具有适于从热源接收热量的第一位置的腔室，以及适于消散经由腔室中的声波传递的热量的第二位置。声波可以由耦合到室的内表面并设置在室的端部处的第一振动构件产生，其中第一振动构件适于以腔室的谐振频率振动。或者，适于在室的共振频率处振动的第一和第二振动构件可以与腔室的相对端等距离设置，以在腔室内产生驻声波。每个振动构件联接到相应的换能器，其感测各个振动构件的变形，并且产生可以存储在用于供给外部负载的电气存储器中的比例AC电压。

8. 发明授权

US06588208B1 Wireless technique for microactivation 失效
标题翻译：微激活的无线技术
公开(公告)号：US06588208B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-08
申请号：US10058887
申请日：2002-01-28
申请人： Ken Clements
发明人： Ken Clements
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： F03G7/065 , B81B3/0029 , B81B2201/038 , B82Y15/00 , C21D2201/01 , C22C13/00 , C22F1/006 , F05B2250/84 , Y10S977/725 , Y10S977/732 , Y10S977/849 , Y10S977/89
摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for achieving high work output per unit volume in micro-robotic actuators, and in particular TiNi actuators. Such actuators are attractive as a means of powering nano-robotic movement, and are being developed for manipulation of structures at near the molecular scale. In these very small devices (one micron scale), one means of delivery of energy is by electron beams. Movement of mechanical structures a few microns in extent has been demonstrated in a scanning electron microscope. Results of these and subsequent experiments will be described, with a description of potential structures for fabricating moving a microscopic x-y stage.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种用于在微型机器人致动器，特别是TiNi致动器中实现每单位体积的高工作输出的方法和装置。这样的致动器作为对纳米机器人运动的供电的手段是有吸引力的，并且正在开发用于在分子规模附近的结构的操纵。在这些非常小的器件（一微米级）中，一种能量传递方式是电子束。已经在扫描电子显微镜中证明了在几微米范围内的机械结构的移动。将描述这些和随后的实验的结果，并描述了用于制造移动微观x-y阶段的潜在结构。

9. 发明授权

US06481204B1 Expansible polymer clamping device 失效
标题翻译：可膨胀聚合物夹紧装置
公开(公告)号：US06481204B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-19
申请号：US09897846
申请日：2001-07-02
申请人： Thomas D. Yuschak , Edward T. Schneider
发明人： Thomas D. Yuschak , Edward T. Schneider
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： B25B5/065 , B25B5/003 , B25B5/061 , F03G7/06 , F15B21/06
摘要： A clamping device includes an expansible polymer that is disposed in a polymer chamber (14). A heat transfer conduit (22) transports heat transfer fluid and brings it into thermal conductivity with the polymer. By cooling or heating the polymer as needed, the polymer expands and contracts as it melts and freezes, respectively. The volume change of the polymer is used to advance a piston (16). The piston is used to engage upon a surface, e.g., clamp a machine part. In this manner, the surface is disposed between the actuated piston (16) and an immobile plate, causing the surface to become rigidly held in position. When the piston (16) contacts the surface, pressure builds in the polymer chamber(14), which translates into clamping force on the surface.
摘要翻译：夹持装置包括设置在聚合物室（14）中的可膨胀聚合物。传热管道（22）输送传热流体并使其与聚合物导热。通过根据需要冷却或加热聚合物，聚合物在熔融和分解时会膨胀和收缩。聚合物的体积变化用于推进活塞（16）。活塞用于接合表面，例如夹紧机器部件。以这种方式，表面设置在致动活塞（16）和固定板之间，使得表面刚性地保持就位。当活塞（16）接触表面时，聚合物室（14）中形成压力，这转化为表面上的夹紧力。

10. 发明授权

US06453669B2 Helicopter in-flight rotor tracking system, method, and smart actuator therefor 失效
标题翻译：直升机飞行转子跟踪系统，方法和智能执行机构
公开(公告)号：US06453669B2
公开(公告)日：2002-09-24
申请号：US09955769
申请日：2001-09-19
申请人： Dennis K. Kennedy , Friedrich K. Straub , Ahmed A. Hassan
发明人： Dennis K. Kennedy , Friedrich K. Straub , Ahmed A. Hassan
IPC分类号： F01B2910
CPC分类号： B64C27/008 , B64C27/001 , B64C2027/7266 , Y02T50/34 , Y10S416/50
摘要： A system for quasi-statically correcting tracking of rotor blades of a helicopter rotor during operation includes a trim tab mounted on each rotor blade and deflectable relative to the rotor blade so as to change a tracking path of the rotor blade, and a rotor track and balance analyzer that includes sensors for acquiring rotor tracking and balance information and is operable to process the rotor tracking and balance information so as to predetermine a new tab position to which the trim tab should be deflected for bringing the tracking path of a mistracking rotor blade into alignment with a reference path. The trim tab is deflected by an actuator mounted to the rotor blade, the actuator having an actuating element coupled with the trim tab and formed of a smart material such that the actuating element deforms proportional to a stimulus applied to the actuating element. An electrical locking device is included which is operable when de-energized to lock the trim tab against deflection, and operable when energized to unlock to permit the trim tab to be deflected. A trim actuation control system in communication with the rotor track and balance analyzer and the locking device is arranged to energize the locking device and to supply electrical power to the actuator so as to deflect the trim tab to the new tab position predetermined in the rotor track and balance analyzer, and to then de-energize the locking device and cut off the electrical power to the actuator. Thus, electrical power is supplied to the actuator only while the trim tab is being deflected, and is then discontinued once the tab has reached the desired position and the locking device has been de-energized to lock the tab against further movement.
摘要翻译：用于在运行期间对直升机转子的转子叶片进行准静态校正跟踪的系统包括安装在每个转子叶片上并相对于转子叶片可偏转的修剪翼片，以便改变转子叶片的跟踪路径，以及转子轨道和平衡分析器，其包括用于获取转子跟踪和平衡信息的传感器，并且可操作以处理转子跟踪和平衡信息，以便预先确定修剪片应该偏转到的新的突片位置，以使错误的转子叶片的跟踪路径进入与参考路径对齐。调节片由安装在转子叶片上的致动器偏转，致动器具有与调节片接合并由智能材料形成的致动元件，使得致动元件与施加于致动元件的刺激成比例地变形。包括电锁定装置，其在断电时可操作以将修剪接片锁定以防止偏转，并且在通电时可操作以解锁以允许修剪突片被偏转。与转子轨道和平衡分析器和锁定装置连通的调整致动控制系统被布置成对锁定装置通电并且向致动器提供电力，以便将调整片偏转到预定在转子轨道中的新的突片位置和平衡分析仪，然后使锁定装置断电并切断致动器的电力。因此，仅当调整片被偏转时才向致动器提供电力，并且一旦突片已经到达期望的位置并且锁定装置已经被断电以锁定突片以防止进一步的运动，则电功率被中断。

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