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1. 发明授权

US5799269A System for correcting grammar based on parts of speech probability 失效
标题翻译：基于语音概率校正语法的系统
公开(公告)号：US5799269A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US650057
申请日：1996-05-17
申请人： Yves Schabes , Emmanuel Roche , Andrew R. Golding
发明人： Yves Schabes , Emmanuel Roche , Andrew R. Golding
IPC分类号： G06F17/21 , G06F17/27
CPC分类号： G06F17/274
摘要： In a grammar checking system in which a sentence is first tagged as to pa of speech, the probability of the sequence of the parts of speech being correct is utilized to correct improper use of troublesome words, especially those identical sounding words which are spelled differently. The system corrects word usage based not on the probability of the entire sentence being correct but rather on the probability of the sequence of the parts of speech being correct. As part of the subject invention, the parts of speech sequence probability is utilized in part of speech sequence verification, underlying spelling recovery, auxiliary verb correction, determiner correction, and in a context-sensitive dictionary lookup.
摘要翻译：在语法检查系统中，首先将语句标记为部分语音，语音序列正确的概率被用来纠正麻烦的单词的不当使用，特别是拼写不一致的相同的声音单词。该系统不是根据整个句子正确的概率来校正词的使用，而是根据词性顺序的概率是正确的。作为本发明的一部分，语音序列概率的一部分被用于部分语音序列验证，潜在的拼写恢复，辅助动词校正，确定器校正以及在上下文相关词典查找中。

2. 发明授权

US5485372A System for underlying spelling recovery 失效
标题翻译：潜在的拼写恢复系统
公开(公告)号：US5485372A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-16
申请号：US252333
申请日：1994-06-01
申请人： Andrew R. Golding , Yves Schabes , Emmanuel Roche
发明人： Andrew R. Golding , Yves Schabes , Emmanuel Roche
IPC分类号： G06F17/27
CPC分类号： G06F17/273
摘要： In a grammar checking system which includes first tagging a sentence as to parts of speech, underlying spelling is recovered by removing the effects of capitalization of a word so that appropriate inflection and or spelling can be suggested by the system. In order to determine the underlying spelling the system determines whether a noun is a proper noun through the utilization of a part of speech tagger and the utilization of part of speech trigram probabilities, with capitalized and uncapitalized versions of the word having different trigram probabilities. The system also establishes whether a word is an ordinary word as opposed to a proper noun or other intrinsically capitalized word. With the system further determining which of two interpretations of the word is the best one.
摘要翻译：在语法检查系统中，包括首先将句子标记为词性，通过消除单词大小写的影响来恢复潜在的拼写，从而系统可以建议适当的变形和/或拼写。为了确定潜在的拼写，系统通过使用一部分语音标签器来确定名词是否是一个正确的名词，以及使用一部分词汇三元组概率，该词具有不同的三元组概率的大写和未资本的版本。该系统还确定一个词是一个普通的单词，而不是一个专有名词或其他本质上大写的单词。随着系统进一步确定该词的两个解释中的哪一个是最好的。

3. 发明授权

US5477448A System for correcting improper determiners 失效
标题翻译：用于校正不正确的确定器的系统
公开(公告)号：US5477448A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-19
申请号：US251978
申请日：1994-06-01
申请人： Andrew R. Golding , Yves Schabes , Emmanuel Roche
发明人： Andrew R. Golding , Yves Schabes , Emmanuel Roche
IPC分类号： G06F17/27 , G06F17/28
CPC分类号： G06F17/274
摘要： In a grammar checking system which includes first tagging a sentence as to parts of speech, an improper determiner correction module detects improper referents of a noun phrase and suggests insertion of a determiner should one be necessary or the deletion of an improper determiner. To detect improper use of a determiner, parts of speech tags are utilized to characterize a sentence, thus to identify noun phrases by maximally matching a pattern that defines which sequences of parts of speech tags constitute valid noun phrases. This is accomplished by identifying the start of the noun phrase and its end to permit checking for either missing determiners, extraneous determiners, or lack of agreement in number for the constituents of the noun phrase. Once a noun phrase is found, the system tests to see if the noun is a head noun and thereafter if the head noun is a singular non-proper noun, whether the noun phrase contains a determiner, whether the noun phrase is a title, whether the head noun is a mass noun or whether the noun phrase is part of an idiom. The system also checks to see if the head noun is a proper noun and if so whether the noun phrase contains a determiner. Finally, if the noun phrase contains a determiner the system checks if the determiner agrees in number with the head noun. In this manner, both missing determiners, extraneous determiners and determiner noun number disagreement are detected and reported.
摘要翻译：在语法检查系统中，包括首先将语句标记为词性，不正确的确定器校正模块检测名词短语的不正确指示，并建议插入确定器应该是必需的，或删除不正确的确定器。为了检测判断器的不当使用，使用词性标签来表征句子，从而通过最大限度地匹配定义语音标签的哪个部分序列构成有效名词短语的模式来识别名词短语。这是通过识别名词短语的开始和结束，以允许检查缺失的确定者，无关的确定者，或者对于名词短语的组成部分的数量不一致。一旦发现名词短语，系统就会测试名词是否是头名词，之后如果头名词是单数非正式名词，则名词短语是否包含决定者，名词短语是否是标题，是否头名词是一个大众名词，还是名词短语是成语的一部分。系统还检查头名词是否是专有名词，如果是，名词短语是否包含决定者。最后，如果名词短语包含确定词，则系统检查确定词是否与头名称一致。以这种方式，检测和报告缺失确定因子，外来决定因素和确定者名词数量不一致。

4. 发明授权

US5537317A System for correcting grammer based parts on speech probability 失效
标题翻译：用于基于语音概率校正语法部分的系统
公开(公告)号：US5537317A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-16
申请号：US252106
申请日：1994-06-01
申请人： Yves Schabes , Emmanuel Roche , Andrew R. Golding
发明人： Yves Schabes , Emmanuel Roche , Andrew R. Golding
IPC分类号： G06F17/21 , G06F17/27
CPC分类号： G06F17/274
摘要： In a grammar checking system in which a sentence is first tagged as to parts of speech, the probability of the sequence of the parts of speech being correct is utilized to correct improper use of troublesome words, especially those identical sounding words which are spelled differently. The system corrects word usage based not on the probability of the entire sentence being correct but rather on the probability of the sequence of the parts of speech being correct. As part of the subject invention, the parts of speech sequence probability is utilized in part of speech sequence verification, underlying spelling recovery, auxiliary verb correction, determiner correction, and in a context-sensitive dictionary lookup.
摘要翻译：在语法检查系统中，首先将语句标记为部分语音，语音序列正确的概率被用来纠正麻烦的单词的不当使用，特别是拼写不一致的相同的声音单词。该系统不是根据整个句子正确的概率来校正词的使用，而是根据词性顺序的概率是正确的。作为本发明的一部分，语音序列概率的一部分被用于部分语音序列验证，潜在的拼写恢复，辅助动词校正，确定器校正以及在上下文相关词典查找中。

5. 发明授权

US5521816A Word inflection correction system 失效
标题翻译：词变形校正系统
公开(公告)号：US5521816A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-28
申请号：US251897
申请日：1994-06-01
申请人： Emmanuel Roche , Yves Schabes , Andrew R. Golding
发明人： Emmanuel Roche , Yves Schabes , Andrew R. Golding
IPC分类号： G06F17/27
CPC分类号： G06F17/273
摘要： In a grammar checking system which includes first tagging a sentence as to parts of speech and recovery of underlying spellings, a system for the correction of inflections includes identifying typical example of words which do not follow normal rules either as to pluralization, past tense, past participle, comparative formation and superlative formation, with this unique list of incorrect words forming the basis for suggesting suitable replacement words the system first performs a conventional spell check to detect mispellings by dictionary lookup system. Thereafter correct words are suggested based on an English dictionary and on the root forms and the morphological features derived from the incorrect words in the compendium.
摘要翻译：在语法检查系统中，包括首先将语句标记为词性和恢复基础拼写，用于纠正变形的系统包括识别不符合多元化，过去式，过去的正常规则的单词的典型示例分词，比较形成和最高级的形成，这个不正确的单词的唯一列表形成建议合适的替换词的基础，系统首先执行常规拼写检查以通过字典查找系统检测误字。此后，根据英文字典和根本形式以及从纲要中不正确的词导出的形态特征，提出了正确的单词。

6. 发明授权

US5845306A Context based system for accessing dictionary entries 失效
标题翻译：用于访问字典条目的基于上下文的系统
公开(公告)号：US5845306A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-01
申请号：US899004
申请日：1997-07-23
申请人： Yves Schabes , Andrew R. Golding , Emmanuel Roche
发明人： Yves Schabes , Andrew R. Golding , Emmanuel Roche
IPC分类号： G06F17/21 , G06F17/27 , G06F17/28 , G06F3/14
CPC分类号： G06F17/273 , G06F17/271 , G06F17/2735 , G06F17/274 , G06F17/2755 , G06F17/2872 , Y10S707/99937
摘要： A context-based dictionary entry access system includes selecting and rang an entry based on the part-of-speech assigned to the given word in a sentence. The entries corresponding to the word in context are first selected, followed by availability of entries that are not relevant to the current context. The part of speech of the given word in context is selected based on the utilization of a part-of-speech tagger such that only those entries are selected in which the corresponding word makes syntactic sense in the sentence.
摘要翻译：基于上下文的字典入口访问系统包括基于分配给句子中给定单词的部分语音来选择和排序条目。首先选择与上下文中的单词相对应的条目，随后是与当前上下文无关的条目的可用性。基于词性标签器的使用选择上下文中给定单词的部分语音，使得仅选择相应词语在句子中具有句法意义的那些条目。

7. 发明授权

US5535121A System for correcting auxiliary verb sequences 失效
标题翻译：补充动词序列的系统
公开(公告)号：US5535121A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-09
申请号：US252181
申请日：1994-06-01
申请人： Emmanuel Roche , Andrew R. Golding , Yves Schabes
发明人： Emmanuel Roche , Andrew R. Golding , Yves Schabes
IPC分类号： G06F17/27
CPC分类号： G06F17/274
摘要： In a grammar checking system which includes first tagging a sentence as to parts of speech, a module is provided for correcting incorrect auxiliary verb sequences involving two or more verbs by first detecting the starting and ending points of the error and then correcting the indicated verbs through the utilization of a directed acyclic graph containing the set of correct auxiliary verb sequences constructed for all possible such sequences. Thereafter, a further directed graph functions as a finite state transducer for proposing corrections for incorrect auxiliary verb sequences as determined by the aforementioned acyclic graph of incorrect verb sequences.
摘要翻译：在语法检查系统中，包括首先标注语音部分的句子，提供了一个模块，用于通过首先检测错误的起始点和结束点来纠正涉及两个或多个动词的不正确的辅助动词序列，然后通过使用包含针对所有可能的这样的序列构建的正确的辅助动词序列的有向无环图。此后，另外的有向图用作有限状态换能器，用于对由不正确的动词序列的上述非循环图确定的不正确的辅助动词序列进行修正。

8. 发明授权

US08478515B1 Collaborative driving directions 有权
标题翻译：合作驾驶方向
公开(公告)号：US08478515B1
公开(公告)日：2013-07-02
申请号：US11752896
申请日：2007-05-23
申请人： Trevor Foucher , Andrew R. Golding
发明人： Trevor Foucher , Andrew R. Golding
IPC分类号： G01C21/00
CPC分类号： G01C21/20 , G01C21/3641
摘要： Methods and systems for generating directions are disclosed. In an embodiment of the invention, there is a system that includes a human-provided directions module for receiving and processing human-provided directions, a database for storing human-provided directions processed by the human-provided directions module, and a directions generator for receiving a directions query from a client. In response to the query, the directions generator accesses the database, retrieves at least one human-provided direction, generates a set of directions based thereupon, and provides the set of generated directions to the client.
摘要翻译：公开了生成方向的方法和系统。在本发明的一个实施例中，存在一种系统，其包括用于接收和处理人为方向的人为方向模块，用于存储由人为指导模块处理的人为方向的指示的数据库，以及用于从客户端接收方向查询。响应于查询，方向生成器访问数据库，检索至少一个人为方向，生成一组基于此的方向，并向客户端提供一组生成的方向。

9. 发明授权

US08024337B1 Systems and methods for determining query similarity by query distribution comparison 有权
标题翻译：通过查询分配比较确定查询相似性的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08024337B1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-20
申请号：US10952482
申请日：2004-09-29
申请人： Shumeet Baluja , Doug Beeferman , Andrew R. Golding
发明人： Shumeet Baluja , Doug Beeferman , Andrew R. Golding
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30424 , G06F17/30964
摘要： A system determines query similarity. The system determines a volume per unit time of an issued first query over a time period and determines a volume per unit time of issued other queries over the time period. The system compares the volume per unit time of each of the issued other queries to the volume per unit time of the issued first query. The system identifies ones of the issued other queries as similar to the first query based on the comparison.
摘要翻译：系统确定查询相似性。系统确定在一段时间内发出的第一个查询的每单位时间的卷数，并确定该时间段内发出的其他查询的每单位时间的卷数。系统将每个发出的其他查询的每单位时间的卷与发出的第一个查询的每单位时间的卷进行比较。基于比较，系统将发布的其他查询中的一个与第一个查询相似。

10. 发明授权

US07389307B2 Returning databases as search results 有权
标题翻译：返回数据库作为搜索结果
公开(公告)号：US07389307B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-17
申请号：US09927015
申请日：2001-08-09
申请人： Andrew R. Golding
发明人： Andrew R. Golding
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F13/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/3064 , G06F17/30864 , Y10S707/917 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934 , Y10S707/99935 , Y10S707/99952
摘要： A method including enumerating plausible queries of a target database using query generation rules, and generating associated teasers for each of the enumerated queries using query matching rules.
摘要翻译：一种方法，包括使用查询生成规则枚举目标数据库的合理查询，以及使用查询匹配规则为每个枚举查询生成相关联的分组。

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