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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Ignition timing control apparatus for internal combustion engine
    • 内燃机点火正时控制装置
    • US4586475A
    • 1986-05-06
    • US675218
    • 1984-11-27
    • Akira TakahashiYoshiaki DannoKazumasa IidaToshio Iwata
    • Akira TakahashiYoshiaki DannoKazumasa IidaToshio Iwata
    • F02P5/152F02P5/153F02P5/15
    • F02P5/1527Y02T10/46
    • An ignition timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine capable of using as a fuel a regular (low-octane) gasoline, a premium (high-octane) gasoline, or a mixture of both type of gasolines. The engine produces knocks when the ignition timing is advanced beyond a reference ignition timing determined as a function of the type of gasoline being used. This ignition timing control apparatus detects the knocks, and provides as an output therefrom a signal according to the occurrence rate of the knocks which essentially indicates the type of gasoline in use. By means of this signal, this ignition timing control apparatus continuously displaces the reference ignition timing in the direction of retard angle by using a proportion factor calculator and an interpolator. At the same time, the displaced reference ignition timing is corrected by the detected knock signals on a real time basis. The combined ignition timing signal serves to energize an ignition coil to suppress the occurrence of knocks. This operation will continue until no knocks occur. Particularly, when the engine is outside of a predetermined operation region or condition, the displacement magnitude for the reference ignition timing is retained at a value of a normal operating state irrespective of whether or not knocks are detected.
    • 一种用于能够使用常规(低辛烷值)汽油,优质(高辛烷值)汽油或两种类型汽油的混合物作为燃料的内燃机的点火正时控制装置。 当点火正时超过基于所使用的汽油类型的函数确定的参考点火时间时,发动机产生爆震。 该点火正时控制装置检测爆震,并根据爆震的发生率提供基本上表示使用的汽油的类型的信号作为其输出。 通过该信号,该点火正时控制装置通过使用比例因子计算器和内插器来连续地使延迟角方向上的参考点火正时移位。 同时,通过检测到的敲击信号实时地校正偏移的参考点火正时。 组合的点火定时信号用于激励点火线圈以抑制爆震的发生。 此操作将持续到没有发生爆震。 特别地,当发动机在预定操作区域或条件之外时,用于参考点火正时的位移幅度保持在正常操作状态的值,而不管是否检测到爆震。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Hexagonal ferrite magnets
    • 六角铁氧体磁铁
    • US06248253B1
    • 2001-06-19
    • US09272338
    • 1999-03-19
    • Hitoshi TaguchiKiyoyuki MasuzawaYoshihiko MinachiKazumasa Iida
    • Hitoshi TaguchiKiyoyuki MasuzawaYoshihiko MinachiKazumasa Iida
    • C04B3540
    • C04B35/2633C04B35/2641H01F1/10
    • An object of the invention is to simultaneously increase the saturation magnetization and magnetic anisotropy of M type ferrite, thereby realizing a hexagonal ferrite magnet having a high remanence and high coercivity which could never be achieved in prior art M type hexagonal ferrite magnets. The object is attained by a hexagonal ferrite magnet comprising A, R, and Fe, wherein A represents at least one element selected from among Sr, Ba, and Ca, and R represents an element capable of assuming a valence of +3 or +4 and having an ionic radius of at least 1.00 angstrom, and n/N is up to 0.35 provided that N is the total number of crystal grains and n is the number of crystal grains having stacking faults.
    • 本发明的目的是同时提高M型铁氧体的饱和磁化强度和磁各向异性,从而实现了在现有技术的M型六角铁氧体磁体中永远不可能实现的具有高剩磁和高矫顽力的六方晶系铁氧体磁体。 该目的是通过包含A,R和Fe的六方晶系铁氧体磁体来实现的,其中A表示选自Sr,Ba和Ca中的至少一种元素,R表示能够呈现+3或+4价的元素 并具有至少1.00埃的离子半径,并且n / N至多为0.35,条件是N是晶粒的总数,n是具有堆垛层错的晶粒数。