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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Bacterial growth medium and method of use
    • 细菌生长培养基及使用方法
    • US4615978A
    • 1986-10-07
    • US682495
    • 1984-12-18
    • William E. SandineJames W. Ayres
    • William E. SandineJames W. Ayres
    • A23C19/032C12N1/00C12N1/04C12N1/20C12N1/38A23C9/12A23C9/123C12P7/56
    • A23C19/0323C12N1/00C12N1/04C12N1/20C12N1/38
    • An improved powdered bacterial growth medium composition adapted to be admixed with water is described. The powdered growth medium includes an alkaline earth metal cation in a compound A admixed with a compound B containing an anion which reacts with the alkaline earth metal cation in compound A in an aqueous growth medium to form an essentially water insoluble salt or base, including the alkaline earth metal cation and the anion, which is acid neutralizing. The water insoluble salt is thus formed in situ in the aqueous growth medium when compounds A and B are added to the aqueous solution. Also described is an improved method for growing acid producing bacteria in an aqueous growth medium by forming the insoluble salt or base. The resulting growth medium is particularly adapted for neutralizing acids generated during growth of lactic acid producing bacteria which are grown for use in various food fermentations.
    • 描述了适于与水混合的改进的粉状细菌生长培养基组合物。 粉末状生长培养基包括与含有阴离子的化合物B混合的化合物A中的碱土金属阳离子,所述阴离子与水性生长培养基中化合物A中的碱土金属阳离子反应,形成基本上不溶于水的盐或碱,包括 碱土金属阳离子和阴离子,它是酸中和的。 因此当化合物A和B添加到水溶液中时,水不溶性盐在水性生长培养基中原位形成。 还描述了通过形成不溶性盐或碱,在水性生长培养基中生长生酸细菌的改进方法。 所得的生长培养基特别适用于中和生长用于各种食物发酵的乳酸生产细菌生长期间产生的酸。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Method for producing single and/or mixed strain concentrates of bacteria
    • 用于生产细菌和/或混合菌株浓缩物的方法
    • US4528269A
    • 1985-07-09
    • US444948
    • 1982-11-29
    • William E. SandineAlan R. Huggins
    • William E. SandineAlan R. Huggins
    • C12Q1/04C12Q1/14C12N1/20C12Q1/70C12R1/225C12R1/23C12R1/245C12R1/46
    • C12Q1/04C12Q1/14G01N2333/315G01N2333/335Y10S435/853Y10S435/854Y10S435/856Y10S435/885
    • An improved method which differentiates or separates heterogeneous populations of fast and slow acid producing strains of bacteria by growth of the strains under closely controlled unique conditions so as to allow the selection of a colony of one or the other strains is described. Preferably a gelled, solid growth medium containing in admixture: (1) milk protein, a milk protein derivative, or a milk protein substitute; (2) an acid pH sensitive color change indicator; and, (3) a buffering agent is used. The colonies have a contrasting color within and around them because of the effect of the acid produced by the bacteria on the indicator. The growth of the bacteria is under anaerobic or near anaerobic conditions in order to achieve certainty in the colony selection for fast or slow acid production. The bacteria can also be mixed with phage which inhibit or kill the members of a heterogeneous or homogeneous population of bacteria on the medium and grown to produce phage resistant colonies. The relatively large colonies which exhibit enhanced acid production and proteolysis of the milk protein on the plating container are selected for commercial use in preparing fermented products, particularly fermented foods.
    • 描述了一种改进的方法,其通过在严格控制的独特条件下生长菌株来区分或分离快速和慢酸生产菌株的异质群体,从而允许选择一种或其它菌株的菌落。 优选含有混合物的凝胶状固体生长培养基:(1)乳蛋白,乳蛋白衍生物或乳蛋白替代物; (2)酸性pH敏感色变指标; 和(3)使用缓冲剂。 由于细菌产生的酸对指示剂的影响,菌落内部和周围都有对比色。 细菌的生长在厌氧或接近厌氧条件下,以便在快速或慢速酸生产的菌落选择中确定性。 细菌也可以与噬菌体混合,这些噬菌体抑制或杀死培养基上不均匀或均匀的细菌群体的成员,并生长以产生抗噬菌落的菌落。 在制备发酵产品,特别是发酵食品中,选择在电镀容器上表现出增强的酸产生和蛋白水解的相对较大的菌落用于商业用途。