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1. 发明授权

US5422680A Non-linear contrast control apparatus with pixel distribution measurement for video display system 失效
标题翻译：用于视频显示系统的具有像素分布测量的非线性对比度控制装置
公开(公告)号：US5422680A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US296074
申请日：1994-08-24
申请人： William A. Lagoni , Albert P. Pica , James R. Bergen , Todd J. Christopher
发明人： William A. Lagoni , Albert P. Pica , James R. Bergen , Todd J. Christopher
IPC分类号： H04N5/57 , H04N5/20 , H04N5/202
CPC分类号： H04N5/20
摘要： A video signal to be processed is applied to a non-linear processor having an adjustable gain responsive to a control signal over at least one portion of the amplitude range of the video input signal. A sampling circuit, responsive to the video signal, generates video samples related to the video signal. A control circuit, responsive to the video samples, generates the control signal in accordance with the number of samples in at least a given amplitude range thereby controlling the percentage of samples of a given range in displayed images. Plural control and sampling circuits may be included provide control for white stretch processing, black stretch processing and video mid-point processing for enhancing contrast through out the entire video signal range.
摘要翻译：要处理的视频信号被应用于响应于视频输入信号的幅度范围的至少一部分上的控制信号的具有可调增益的非线性处理器。响应于视频信号的采样电路产生与视频信号相关的视频采样。响应于视频样本的控制电路根据至少给定幅度范围内的样本数生成控制信号，从而控制显示图像中给定范围的样本的百分比。可以包括多个控制和采样电路，用于白拉伸处理，黑拉伸处理和视频中点处理的控制，以在整个视频信号范围内增强对比度。

2. 发明授权

US5689301A Method and apparatus for identifying video fields produced by film sources 失效
标题翻译：用于识别电影来源产生的视频场的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5689301A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US366791
申请日：1994-12-30
申请人： Todd J. Christopher , Carlos Correa
发明人： Todd J. Christopher , Carlos Correa
IPC分类号： H04N5/253 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/18
CPC分类号： H04N7/0115
摘要： A first pixel of a given field is compared with second and third vertically aligned pixels of corresponding horizontal position of an adjacent field to produce, for each first pixel, a pixel difference signal having a value of zero if the value of the first pixel is intermediate the values of the second and third pixels, the difference signal otherwise having a value equal to the absolute value of a difference between the value of the first pixel and the value of one of the second and third pixels having a value closest to that of first pixel. The pixel difference signals are accumulated over a predetermined portion of one field period of the video signal to provide a field difference signal which is analyzed by a group of five correlators for patterns characteristic of 2-2 pull-down or 3-2 pull-down film mode sources. Flags are produced for identifying film mode operation and for identifying which of the adjacent fields to use in subsequent video processing such as de-interlacing or flicker reduction.
摘要翻译：将给定场的第一像素与相邻场的相应水平位置的第二和第三垂直对齐像素进行比较，以对于每个第一像素产生如果第一像素的值为中间的值为零的像素差信号第二和第三像素的值，差分信号否则具有等于第一像素的值与具有最接近第一像素的值的第二和第三像素之一的值之间的差的绝对值的值像素。像素差信号被累积在视频信号的一个场周期的预定部分上，以提供一个场差信号，该信号由一组五个相关器分析，用于2-2下拉或3-2下拉的特征电影模式来源。产生用于识别电影模式操作并识别用于后续视频处理（例如去隔行扫描或闪烁降低）中的哪些相邻字段的标志。

3. 发明授权

US5563651A Method and apparatus for identifying video fields produced by film sources employing 2-2 and 3-2 pull down sequences 失效
标题翻译：用于识别使用2-2和3-2下拉序列的电影源产生的视频场的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5563651A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-08
申请号：US366799
申请日：1994-12-30
申请人： Todd J. Christopher , Carlos Correa
发明人： Todd J. Christopher , Carlos Correa
IPC分类号： H04N5/253 , H04N5/44 , H04N7/01 , H04N9/11 , H04N3/36
CPC分类号： H04N7/0115 , H04N7/012 , H04N7/0132 , H04N9/11
摘要： A binary number is generated representative of net motion during a field interval of an interlaced video signal from which a field to field difference signal is derived having a sign bit and a group of magnitude bits. The magnitude bits are compared with a first threshold to provide a first threshold indicating signal which, with the sign bit, are applied via respective bus lines to each correlator of a group of five correlators. The correlators are addressed using variable modulo addressing to detect patterns representative of 2--2 pull down and 3-2 pull down film originated frames. Logic is provided for detecting when one and only one of the five correlators indicates film detection to verify film mode operation. Error reduction is further enhanced by comparing the field difference signal with a second threshold, higher than the first, to provide a second thresold indicating signal to each correlator via a second bus. Flags are produced for identifying film mode operation and for identifying also which of two adjacent fields are suitable for use in subsequent video processing such as de-interlacing or flicker reduction.
摘要翻译：在隔行扫描视频信号的场间隔中产生代表净运动的二进制数，其中导出具有符号位和一组幅度比特的场到场差信号。将幅度比与第一阈值进行比较，以提供第一阈值指示信号，其中符号位通过相应的总线施加到一组五个相关器的每个相关器。使用可变模寻址来对相关器进行寻址，以检测表示2-2下拉和3-2下拉膜起始帧的图案。提供逻辑用于检测何时五个相关器中的一个且仅一个指示胶片检测以验证胶片模式操作。通过将场差信号与高于第一阈值的第二阈值相比较来进一步增强误差减小，以通过第二总线向每个相关器提供第二thresold指示信号。产生用于识别电影模式操作并且用于识别两个相邻字段中的哪一个适合于后续视频处理（例如去隔行扫描或闪烁降低）的标志。

4. 发明授权

US5351087A Two stage interpolation system 失效
标题翻译：两级插值系统
公开(公告)号：US5351087A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-27
申请号：US938233
申请日：1991-05-29
申请人： Todd J. Christopher , Karl F. Horlander , Timothy W. Saeger
发明人： Todd J. Christopher , Karl F. Horlander , Timothy W. Saeger
IPC分类号： H04N3/223 , H04N3/27 , H04N5/45 , H04N7/00 , H04N7/01 , H04N9/64
CPC分类号： H04N7/0122 , H04N3/223 , H04N3/27 , H04N5/45 , H04N7/007 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/0105 , H04N9/641
摘要： A two stage interpolation system provides greater bandwidth for signals compressed and expanded by interpolation, for example video signals displayed in a zoom or enlarged mode. A finite impulse response filter generates from a first signal of digital samples a second signal of digital samples representing signal points between the samples of the first signal. The first signal is delayed, but otherwise substantially unmodified. The second signal and the delayed first signal are interleaved, for example by a multiplexer, to produce a third signal of digital values having a sample density twice that of the first signal. A compensated variable interpolator derives from the third signal a fourth signal of digital samples in which the frequency content of information represented by the first signal has been changed. The first signal can have frequency components as high as approximately 40% of the sampling rate for the first signal without significant reduction of bandwidth in the fourth signal, even when expanded. In the case of enlarging the picture represented by a video signal, the video signal can be truncated, for example in a FIFO line memory, prior to being delayed and processed by the finite impulse response filter. The compensated variable interpolator can be controlled, for example by a microprocessor or hardware equivalent, to provide selected ratios of compression or expansion.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US91 / 03734 Sec。 371日期：1992年10月23日 102（e）日期1992年10月23日PCT 1991年5月29日PCT PCT。 WO91 / 19393 PCT出版物日期为1991年12月12日。两级插值系统为通过插值压缩和扩展的信号提供更大的带宽，例如以缩放或放大模式显示的视频信号。有限脉冲响应滤波器从数字样本的第一信号产生表示第一信号的样本之间的信号点的数字样本的第二信号。第一个信号被延迟，但是基本上未被修改。第二信号和延迟的第一信号例如由多路复用器进行交织，以产生具有两倍于第一信号的采样密度的数字值的第三信号。补偿的可变内插器从第三信号中导出数字采样的第四信号，其中由第一信号表示的信息的频率内容已经改变。即使在扩展时，第一信号可以具有高达第一信号的采样率的大约40％的频率分量，而不会显着降低第四信号中的带宽。在放大由视频信号表示的图像的情况下，视频信号可以被截断，例如在FIFO行存储器中，在被有限脉冲响应滤波器延迟和处理之前。补偿的可变内插器可以例如通过微处理器或硬件等效来控制，以提供选定的压缩或扩展比。

5. 发明授权

US5119195A Video noise reduction system employing plural frequency bands 失效
标题翻译：采用多个频带的视频降噪系统
公开(公告)号：US5119195A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-02
申请号：US648782
申请日：1991-01-31
申请人： Todd J. Christopher
发明人： Todd J. Christopher
IPC分类号： H04N5/21 , H04N5/44 , H04N5/93
CPC分类号： H04N5/21 , H04N7/012 , Y10S348/908
摘要： An input filter separates a luminance input signal into a high frequency component that is noise reduced by coring and a low frequency component that is noise reduced by a frame recursive filter preceded by sub-sampling and followed by sample rate restoration by interpolation. An output circuit combines the noise reduced components to provide a processed output signal in which high frequency portions thereof are subjected to coring and low frequency portions thereof are subjected to recursive filtering. In a specific application the frame recursive filter provides a plurality of low frequency sub-sampled components which are combined with the processed output signal in a further output circuit to provide a noise reduced output signal of progressive scan form.

6. 发明授权

US4694414A Digital delay interpolation filter with amplitude and phase compensation 失效
标题翻译：具有幅度和相位补偿的数字延迟插值滤波器
公开(公告)号：US4694414A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-15
申请号：US683678
申请日：1984-12-19
申请人： Todd J. Christopher
发明人： Todd J. Christopher
IPC分类号： H03H17/08 , H03H17/00 , H03H17/06 , G06F7/38
CPC分类号： H03H17/00 , H03H17/06
摘要： A digital input signal to be delayed is applied to a two-point linear interpolation filter which imparts delay to the signal proportional to the value of a delay control signal. Errors in both the amplitude and the phase of the delayed signal are minimized by the addition of a correction signal to the delayed signal. The correction signal is provided by applying the input signal to a further filter and a multiplier connected in cascade. The further filter is a linear phase filter having a response zero at zero frequency and a delay equal to an add multiple of one-half of the sampling period, Ts, of the digital input signal. The multiplier is controlled so as to vary the amplitude of the compensating signal as a non-linear function of the delay control signal so as to provide maximum amplitude compensation at delays corresponding to odd multiples of Ts/2 and zero amplitude compensation at delays equal to integer multiples of Ts.
摘要翻译：要延迟的数字输入信号被施加到对与延迟控制信号的值成比例的信号施加延迟的两点线性内插滤波器。通过向延迟信号添加校正信号，使延迟信号的振幅和相位两者的误差最小化。通过将输入信号施加到另外的滤波器和级联连接的乘法器来提供校正信号。另外的滤波器是线性相位滤波器，其在零频率处具有响应零点，并且延迟等于数字输入信号的采样周期Ts的一半的相加倍数。控制乘法器以便将补偿信号的振幅作为延迟控制信号的非线性函数来改变，以便在对应于Ts / 2的奇数倍的延迟和在等于 Ts的整数倍。

7. 发明授权

US4481429A Bias supply for A.C. line powered apparatus 失效
标题翻译：交直流供电设备的偏置电源
公开(公告)号：US4481429A
公开(公告)日：1984-11-06
申请号：US379094
申请日：1982-05-17
申请人： Todd J. Christopher
发明人： Todd J. Christopher
IPC分类号： H02M1/14 , H02M3/335 , H03K3/26 , H04N3/18
CPC分类号： H02M3/335 , H02M1/14 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： Direct current isolation and A.C. power line voltage reduction are provided in a first D.C. power supply by means of transformer coupling and in a second D.C. power supply by means of capacitor coupling which, additionally, provides suppression of differential mode and common mode components of high frequency noise or RF signals which may be present on the A.C. power line. The primary winding in the transformer coupled supply is switched and the D.C. output voltages produced by the supplies are combined to form a resultant bias signal of a first polarity and having relatively high current capability when the switch is closed, the bias signal being of a second polarity and having relatively limited current capability when the switch is open whereby high A.C. to D.C. conversion efficiency is achieved for either condition of the power switch. In a representative application of the bias supply, the first supply provides operating power for a video disc player and the bias signal controls the player antenna transfer switch.
摘要翻译：通过变压器耦合在第一直流电源中提供直流隔离和交流电源线电压降低，并通过电容耦合在第二直流电源中提供，此外还提供抑制高频差分模式和共模分量可能存在于AC电力线上的噪声或RF信号。变压器耦合电源中的初级绕组被切换，并且由电源产生的DC输出电压被组合以形成第一极性的合成偏置信号并且当开关闭合时具有相对高的电流能力，偏置信号为第二极性极性并且当开关断开时具有相对有限的电流能力，由此对于电力开关的任一状态都实现了高AC到DC转换效率。在偏置电源的代表性应用中，第一电源为视频盘播放器提供工作电源，并且偏置信号控制播放器天线转换开关。

8. 发明授权

US4286290A Fast recovery squelch circuit for a video disc player 失效
标题翻译：用于视频光盘播放器的快速恢复静噪电路
公开(公告)号：US4286290A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-25
申请号：US068015
申请日：1979-08-20
申请人： Gerald D. Pyles , James A. Wilber , Todd J. Christopher
发明人： Gerald D. Pyles , James A. Wilber , Todd J. Christopher
IPC分类号： G11B3/00 , G11B7/00 , G11B7/004 , G11B9/06 , G11B20/02 , G11B21/03 , G11B27/36 , H04B1/10 , H04N5/93 , H04N5/76
CPC分类号： H04N5/93 , G11B21/03 , G11B27/36 , G11B2220/20
摘要： A squelch circuit responsive to a squelch signal mutes audio and video circuits in a video disc player, preconditions a video signal correction servo system to the center of its control range and inhibits a defect correction circuit. A squelch memory, set by the simultaneous occurrence of the squelch signal and a loss of carrier signal derived from the output of the player pickup transducer, maintains the muting, preconditioning and inhibiting functions. When the squelch signal terminates the squelch memory is reset upon subsequent termination of the loss of carrier signal whereby the audio and video circuits are immediately unmuted, stabilization is rapidly established by the preconditioned video signal correction servo system and the defect correction circuit is primed.
摘要翻译：响应于静噪信号的静噪电路使视频盘播放机中的音频和视频电路静音，将视频信号校正伺服系统预先调节到其控制范围的中心，并且禁止缺陷校正电路。通过静噪信号的同时发生和从播放器拾取传感器的输出导出的载波信号的丢失设置的静噪存储器保持静音，预处理和禁止功能。当静噪信号终止时，随后终止载波信号的丢失，静音信号被重置，由此音频和视频电路立即取消静音，由预处理的视频信号校正伺服系统快速建立稳定性，并且引发缺陷校正电路。

9. 发明授权

US5412436A Motion adaptive video processing system 失效
标题翻译：运动自适应视频处理系统
公开(公告)号：US5412436A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-02
申请号：US51738
申请日：1993-04-22
申请人： Todd J. Christopher
发明人： Todd J. Christopher
IPC分类号： H04N5/262 , H04N5/14 , H04N5/44 , H04N7/01 , H04N9/78 , H04N11/04 , H04N7/18
CPC分类号： H04N7/012 , H04N5/144
摘要： A video source provides a temporally interpolated video signal, a spatially interpolated video signal and a motion indicating signal. A difference signal, derived from the temporally and spatially interpolated signals, is symmetrically limited as a function of the motion signal amplitude and then combined with the temporally interpolated signal to form a motion adapted video output signal having (1) reduced motion artifacts such as smearing and loss of fine detail; (2) reduced noise sensitivity; and (3) enhanced low-contrast motion rendition.
摘要翻译：视频源提供时间插值视频信号，空间内插视频信号和运动指示信号。从时间和空间内插信号导出的差分信号作为运动信号幅度的函数被对称地限制，然后与时间内插信号组合以形成运动适应的视频输出信号，其具有（1）减少的运动伪影，例如拖尾精细细节损失; （2）降低噪声灵敏度; 和（3）增强低对比度运动再现。

10. 发明授权

US5166781A Apparatus for identifying standard and non-standard video signals 失效
标题翻译：识别标准和非标准视频信号的设备
公开(公告)号：US5166781A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-24
申请号：US698702
申请日：1991-05-10
申请人： Mark D. Walby , Todd J. Christopher
发明人： Mark D. Walby , Todd J. Christopher
IPC分类号： H04N5/04 , H04N5/46 , H04N9/00 , H04N9/64
CPC分类号： H04N9/642
摘要： A source responsive to a composite video input signal provides line and burst frequency related timing signals. A measuring circuit responsive to the timing signals provides measurement values which tend to repeat when the video input signal is of a given color television standard and tend to exhibit a pseudo-random distribution otherwise. A histogram processor provides a histogram of the measurements occurring within a given time interval and provides an output signal identifying standard and non-standard video input signal based on the histogram of the measurements.

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