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1. 发明授权

US5511104A X-ray tube 失效
标题翻译： X光管
公开(公告)号：US5511104A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-23
申请号：US393932
申请日：1995-02-21
申请人： Werner Mueller , Herbert Bittl , Rudolf Friedel , Roland Schmidt , Henrik Krogmann
发明人： Werner Mueller , Herbert Bittl , Rudolf Friedel , Roland Schmidt , Henrik Krogmann
IPC分类号： H01J35/16 , H01J35/10
CPC分类号： H01J35/16 , H01J2235/168
摘要： An x-ray tube, in addition to an anode and a cathode arrangement, has first and second electrodes that are located in an evacuated housing provided with a beam exit window. The anode and the first electrode are at potentials that are positive in comparison to the potentials of the cathode arrangement and the second electrode. Further, the first and the second electrode are arranged lying opposite one another such that secondary electrons emanating from the anode must pass through the space located between the first and the second electrode in order to proceed to the beam exit window. These secondary electrons are thus substantially all prevented from reaching the beam exit window, thereby avoiding excessive heating of the beam exit window.
摘要翻译：除了阳极和阴极装置之外，X射线管具有位于设有光束出射窗的抽真空壳体中的第一和第二电极。与阴极配置和第二电极的电位相比，阳极和第一电极处于正电位。此外，第一和第二电极布置成彼此相对，使得从阳极发出的二次电子必须通过位于第一和第二电极之间的空间，以便前进到光束出射窗口。因此，这些二次电子基本上都被阻止到达光束出射窗口，从而避免光束出射窗的过度加热。

2. 发明授权

US4468802A X-Ray tube 失效
标题翻译： X射线管
公开(公告)号：US4468802A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-28
申请号：US347714
申请日：1982-02-10
申请人： Rudolf Friedel
发明人： Rudolf Friedel
IPC分类号： H01J35/16 , H01J35/00
CPC分类号： H01J35/16 , H01J2235/168
摘要： In an exemplary embodiment, a metallic shield for the discharge space between the cathode and the anode is connected to a potential which is greater than half the tube voltage and smaller than the entire tube voltage. What is achieved thereby is that backscatter electrons from the focal spot space are withdrawn and the anode load carrying capacity is thereby increased, and that the outside-of-focus component of the radiation is reduced as well. Moreover, a very close-to-focus definition or collimation of the cone of rays is possible. X-ray tubes according to the disclosure are particularly applicable in medical X-ray diagnostics.
摘要翻译：在示例性实施例中，用于阴极和阳极之间的放电空间的金属屏蔽件连接到大于管电压的一半并小于整个管电压的电位。因此得到的结果是来自焦点空间的反向散射电子被撤回，从而阳极承载能力增加，并且辐射的外部焦点分量也减小。此外，非常接近对焦的定义或准直的光线锥是可能的。根据本公开的X射线管特别适用于医疗X射线诊断。

3. 发明授权

US3950836A Metal-ceramic soldering connection 失效
标题翻译：金属陶瓷焊接连接
公开(公告)号：US3950836A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-20
申请号：US450484
申请日：1974-03-12
申请人： Rudolf Friedel , Hans Ebersberger
发明人： Rudolf Friedel , Hans Ebersberger
IPC分类号： B23K1/19 , C04B37/02 , H01J1/88 , B32B15/04 , B32B1/08
CPC分类号： C04B37/026 , C04B2237/123 , C04B2237/124 , C04B2237/343 , C04B2237/403 , C04B2237/706 , C04B2237/765 , C04B2237/84
摘要： A soldering connection between metal and ceramics, wherein the parts consisting of metal and ceramics engage each other as a plug and a socket. The invention is particularly characterized in that only parts of metallic and ceramic surfaces which are next to each other are soldered to each other.
摘要翻译：金属和陶瓷之间的焊接连接，其中由金属和陶瓷组成的部件作为插头和插座彼此接合。本发明的特征在于，只有彼此相邻的金属和陶瓷表面的部分被彼此焊接。

4. 发明授权

US4468800A Rotary anode X-ray tube 失效
标题翻译：旋转阳极X射线管
公开(公告)号：US4468800A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-28
申请号：US270366
申请日：1981-06-04
申请人： Rudolf Friedel , Ernst Geldner
发明人： Rudolf Friedel , Ernst Geldner
IPC分类号： H01J35/10 , H01J35/04
CPC分类号： H01J35/101 , H01J35/10 , H01J35/103 , H01J2235/1026 , H01J2235/1073 , H01J2235/1266
摘要： In exemplary embodiments, the anode is driven by an induction motor, between the stator and rotor of which the wall of the vacuum envelope of the tube is disposed. To reduce the overall length and the lever actions of the weight of the anode which act on the bearing which are disadvantageous in this construction, the disclosure provides an annular anode which is disposed in the same plane with the drive rotor. The rotor and stator can here be surrounded by the ring of the anode or they can be secured externally about the latter. X-ray tubes in accordance with the disclosure are particularly suited for use for the purpose of medical x-ray examination.
摘要翻译：在示例性实施例中，阳极由感应电动机驱动，在其定子和转子之间，管的真空外壳的壁被布置。为了减小作用于轴承的阳极的重量的总长度和杠杆作用，这在该结构中是不利的，本发明提供一种与驱动转子设置在同一平面内的环形阳极。转子和定子在这里可以被阳极的环包围，或者它们可以在外部固定在其上。根据本公开的X射线管特别适用于医疗x射线检查的目的。

5. 发明授权

US4255685A Rotating anode for x-ray tubes 失效
标题翻译： x射线管旋转阳极
公开(公告)号：US4255685A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-10
申请号：US54410
申请日：1979-07-03
申请人： Rudolf Friedel
发明人： Rudolf Friedel
IPC分类号： H01J35/10 , H01J35/08
CPC分类号： H01J35/10
摘要： In order to reduce stresses which occur during radiation production because of the heating-up of the anode, radial bores are formed in the main body member of the anode which extend under the focus path region. Thus, smooth solder surfaces free from recesses can be obtained for receiving auxiliary material such as graphite for increased heat storage and radiation capability. The disclosed rotating anode is particularly suited for x-ray tubes utilized in medical diagnostics.
摘要翻译：为了减少由于阳极的升温而在辐射生产期间发生的应力，在聚焦路径区域下延伸的阳极主体部件中形成有径向孔。因此，可以获得没有凹槽的光滑的焊料表面，用于接收诸如石墨的辅助材料以增加储热和辐射能力。所公开的旋转阳极特别适用于医疗诊断中使用的X射线管。

6. 发明授权

US4426720A Drive for rotary anodes of X-ray tubes 失效
标题翻译：驱动X射线管旋转阳极
公开(公告)号：US4426720A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-17
申请号：US265672
申请日：1981-05-20
申请人： Rudolf Friedel
发明人： Rudolf Friedel
IPC分类号： H05G1/66 , H05G1/70
CPC分类号： H05G1/66
摘要： In an exemplary embodiment, to reduce wear on the bearings of a rotary anode during radiography processes which require a high load of the tube, such as e.g. all types of series techniques, a control of the rotational frequency of the anode is effected according to which the rotational speed of the anode drive motor is increased as a function of increasing thermal load on the anode plate. For this purpose there takes place, in a static frequency changer, an increase of the frequency of the alternating current with which the motor is driven. The motor drive frequency can, for example, be controlled in dependence upon the temperature of the anode plate as sensed by a measuring probe. An inventive drive of rotary anodes is particularly suited for use in the case of X-ray examination apparatus, especially computer tomographs.
摘要翻译：在示例性实施例中，为了减少需要管的高负荷的射线照相过程中的旋转阳极轴承的磨损，例如，所有类型的串联技术，对阳极的旋转频率的控制都是根据阳极驱动马达的旋转速度作为增加阳极板上的热负荷的函数来实现的。为此，在静态变频器中，发生电机驱动的交流电流的频率增加。电动机驱动频率可以例如根据由测量探针感测的阳极板的温度来控制。旋转阳极的创新驱动特别适用于X射线检查装置，特别是计算机断层摄影机的情况。

7. 发明授权

US4360734A Method and apparatus for the operation of rotary anode X-ray tubes 失效
标题翻译：用于操作旋转阳极X射线管的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4360734A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-23
申请号：US254060
申请日：1981-04-14
申请人： Kurt Dietz , Rudolf Friedel
发明人： Kurt Dietz , Rudolf Friedel
IPC分类号： H01J35/10 , H05G1/66
CPC分类号： H05G1/66 , H01J35/10
摘要： In an exemplary embodiment, a portion of the tube vacuum envelope is disposed between the rotor and stator of the anode drive motor. Taking into account the required high voltage safety, hitherto concessions as to the anode drive had to be made. The disclosure provides an improvement in this regard in that the anode and stator are connected to the same potential until a desired rotational frequency is attained. Only then, subsequent to disconnection of the drive voltage, is the radiography voltage applied for the necessary exposure period. If necessary, subsequently a braking voltage, or again a drive voltage, respectively, can be applied to the stator. Methods and installations in which, in accordance with the disclosure, the drive of the rotary anode is intensified, are, in particular, suited for utilization in medical x-ray diagnostics, mainly computer tomography.
摘要翻译：在示例性实施例中，管真空外壳的一部分设置在阳极驱动马达的转子和定子之间。考虑到所需的高电压安全性，迄今为止必须对阳极驱动器做出让步。在这方面，本公开提供了一种改进，因为阳极和定子连接到相同的电位，直到获得期望的转动频率。只有在断开驱动电压之后，才能在必要的曝光期间施加放射线照相。如果需要，则可以分别将制动电压或再次驱动电压施加到定子。根据本公开，其中旋转阳极的驱动被增强的方法和装置特别适用于医疗X射线诊断，主要是计算机断层摄影。

8. 发明授权

US4271372A Rotatable anode for an X-ray tube composed of a coated, porous body 失效
标题翻译：用于由涂覆的多孔体组成的X射线管的可旋转阳极
公开(公告)号：US4271372A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-02
申请号：US777916
申请日：1977-03-16
申请人： Ernst Geldner , Rudolf Friedel , Klaus Haberrecker
发明人： Ernst Geldner , Rudolf Friedel , Klaus Haberrecker
IPC分类号： H01J35/10 , H01J35/08 , B32B3/26 , H01J35/04
CPC分类号： H01J35/108 , Y10T428/12097 , Y10T428/1216 , Y10T428/12174 , Y10T428/30
摘要： A rotatable anode for an X-ray tube comprising a body composed of a porous, difficult to melt material enclosed in a sealed fashion within an enveloping layer of a difficult to melt material, characterized by the porous body being of a material having a good thermal conductivity and a good thermal capacity and said porous body having its pores filled with a material having a good thermal conductance and being a good conductor of heat. The porous body is preferably a sintered porous body. The material of the porous body as well as the material of the enclosing layer are selected from a group consisting of tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, chromium, vanadium, titanium, carbon, alloys of these materials, and compounds of these materials. The filler material is preferably a metal selected from a group consisting of silver, gold, copper, aluminum, and alloys of these elements containing not less than a predominant proportion of at least one of these metals. The enveloping layer may be in the form of a sheet material container and lid which are tightly sealed together such as by welding or may be formed of a layer or coating of a portion of the porous body which layer or coating is tightly sealed to a sheet metal portion such as a lid.
摘要翻译：一种用于X射线管的可旋转阳极，包括由难熔物质的包封层中以密封方式包封的多孔难熔物质构成的主体，其特征在于，多孔体具有良好的热导电性和良好的热容量，并且所述多孔体的孔隙填充有具有良好导热性并且是良好导热体的材料。多孔体优选为烧结多孔体。多孔体的材料以及封闭层的材料选自钨，钼，铌，铬，钒，钛，碳，这些材料的合金和这些材料的化合物。填充材料优选为选自银，金，铜，铝的金属，以及这些元素的合金，其含有不少于这些金属中的至少一种的主要成分。包封层可以是片材容器和盖子的形式，其通过焊接紧密地密封在一起，或者可以由多孔体的一部分的层或涂层形成，该层或涂层被紧密地密封到片材金属部分如盖子。

9. 发明授权

US4167671A Rotary anode X-ray tube 失效
标题翻译：旋转阳极X射线管
公开(公告)号：US4167671A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-11
申请号：US895769
申请日：1978-04-12
申请人： Karl Boden , Johan K. Fremerey , George Comsa , Friedrich Gudden , Gunther Appelt , Rudolf Friedel , Ernst Geldner
发明人： Karl Boden , Johan K. Fremerey , George Comsa , Friedrich Gudden , Gunther Appelt , Rudolf Friedel , Ernst Geldner
IPC分类号： F16C33/00 , H01J35/10 , H05G1/70
CPC分类号： H01J35/103
摘要： Tubular electromagnetic components are mounted on the drive shaft of the ary anode of an X-ray tube and external magnet windings are provided both for maintaining the drive shaft in an axial position corresponding to a working position of the anode and for shifting the drive shaft to open a slip contact at one end thereof, thus providing a magnetic switch for the anode supply voltage. In addition, windings are provided through which a controlled current flows to provide a radially stabilized position for the shaft and thus constitute magnetic bearings that are free of friction. When one of the contacts of the magnetic switch is spring-mounted, the coil that does the switching can also be used to adjust the axial position of the anode so as to work with a different cathode.
摘要翻译：管状电磁部件安装在X射线管的旋转阳极的驱动轴上，并且设置外部磁体绕组，用于将驱动轴保持在对应于阳极的工作位置的轴向位置，并将驱动轴移动到在其一端打开滑动接触，从而为阳极供电电压提供磁开关。此外，提供了绕流，受控电流通过该绕组提供用于轴的径向稳定的位置，从而构成无摩擦的磁性轴承。当磁性开关中的一个触点弹簧安装时，进行开关的线圈也可用于调节阳极的轴向位置，以便与不同的阴极一起工作。

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