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1. 发明授权

US4906291A Method for manufacturing melt materials of copper, chromium, and at least one readily evaporable component using a fusible electrode 失效
标题翻译：使用易熔电极制造铜，铬和至少一种容易蒸发的组分的熔融材料的方法
公开(公告)号：US4906291A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-06
申请号：US264327
申请日：1988-10-28
申请人： Thomas Moser , Joachim Grosse , Horst Kippenberg , Ruediger Hess , Reiner Mueller , Norbert Proelss
发明人： Thomas Moser , Joachim Grosse , Horst Kippenberg , Ruediger Hess , Reiner Mueller , Norbert Proelss
IPC分类号： C22B9/20 , C22C1/02 , H01H1/02
CPC分类号： C22C1/02 , H01H1/0206
摘要： A method for manufacturing melt materials of copper, chromium, and at least one readily evaporable component as well as a fusible electrode for using this method is disclosed.More specifically, an arc melting method is used for the manufacture of melt materials based on copper and chromium in which the electrode material melting off a fusible electrode of given resultant composition is collected in a water-cooled permanent mold for the purpose of cooling down without macroscopic separation of copper and chromium.A fusible electrode for use in this method is also provided. This fusible electrode partially consists of a solid alloy of copper with the readily evaporable component.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于制造铜，铬和至少一种容易蒸发的组分的熔融材料的方法以及用于该方法的可熔电极。更具体地说，电弧熔化方法用于制造基于铜和铬的熔融材料，其中将给定所得组合物的可熔电极熔化的电极材料收集在水冷永久模具中，以便冷却而没有铜和铬的宏观分离。还提供了用于该方法的可熔电极。该可熔电极部分由铜与易挥发成分的固体合金组成。

2. 发明授权

US4780582A Use of a fusion material of copper and chrome as the contact material for vacuum contactors 失效
标题翻译：使用铜和铬的熔融材料作为真空接触器的接触材料
公开(公告)号：US4780582A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-25
申请号：US13224
申请日：1987-02-05
申请人： Heinrich Haessler , Reiner Mueller , Horst Kippenberg , Wilfried Kuhl , Joachim Grosse
发明人： Heinrich Haessler , Reiner Mueller , Horst Kippenberg , Wilfried Kuhl , Joachim Grosse
IPC分类号： H01H33/66 , C22C1/02 , H01H1/02
CPC分类号： C22C1/02 , H01H1/0206
摘要： This invention relates to a new use of a fused material of copper and chrome as a contact material for use in vacuum contactors. In addition, the invention relates also to the contact material itself and to the method of its fabrication, as well as for special contact arrangements in the vacuum contactors.The invention shows a whole new, unsuspected range of application for the above fused materials. Up to now, contactors normally used material based on tungsten and copper which were first sintered and then immersed. It has now been experimentally shown that fused materials of copper and chrome, particularly after being reshaped, are very well suited as a contact material for vacuum contactors. Furthermore, in contact pieces of said fused material, methods are provided for additional additives to be precisely inserted by localized alloying, diffusion, or related techniques.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及铜和铬的熔融材料作为用于真空接触器的接触材料的新用途。此外，本发明还涉及接触材料本身及其制造方法，以及真空接触器中的特殊接触装置。本发明显示了上述熔融材料的全新，不可预见的应用范围。到目前为止，接触器通常使用基于钨和铜的材料，其首先被烧结然后浸入。现在已经实验表明，铜和铬的熔融材料，特别是在重新成型之后，非常适合作为真空接触器的接触材料。此外，在所述熔融材料的接触片中，为通过局部合金化，扩散或相关技术精确地插入附加添加剂提供了方法。

3. 发明授权

US4695687A Contact arrangement for vacuum switches with axial magnetic field, and method for the production of the respective contact pieces 失效
标题翻译：具有轴向磁场的真空开关的接触装置，以及用于制造各个接触件的方法
公开(公告)号：US4695687A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US29502
申请日：1987-03-23
申请人： Joachim Grosse , Ruediger Hess , Wilfried Kuhl , Reiner Mueller
发明人： Joachim Grosse , Ruediger Hess , Wilfried Kuhl , Reiner Mueller
IPC分类号： H01H33/66 , H01H1/02 , H01H33/664
CPC分类号： H01H33/6642 , H01H1/0206
摘要： Contact pieces for vacuum switches with axial magnetic field are designed, for example, as pot type contacts with codirectional slotting which contain in each instance a disk-shaped contact body of contact material and have an arrangement for the suppression of eddy currents. Conventional techniques for this purpose typically involves the cutting of radial slots in the contact bodies. In accordance with the invention, each contact piece (10, 110, 210) comprises a plurality of discrete elements (11, 111, 211) which are so arranged on the concrete carrier (2) that their edges (12, 13; 112, 113; 212, 213) form joints (25, 125, 225) and thereby define conductivity jumps for the suppression of the eddy currents. Specifically the discrete segments (111, 211) are produced by reshaping a cylindrical blank (100) of circular cross section into a semi-finished product of circular sectorial cross section.
摘要翻译：具有轴向磁场的真空开关的接触件例如被设计为具有同向开槽的罐式接触件，其中每个开口均包含接触材料的盘形接触体，并且具有用于抑制涡流的布置。用于此目的的常规技术通常涉及切割接触体中的径向槽。根据本发明，每个接触件（10,110,210）包括多个分立的元件（11,111,211），它们被布置在混凝土载体（2）上，使得它们的边缘（12,13; 113,212,213）形成接头（25,125,225），从而限定用于抑制涡流的电导率跳跃。具体地，离散段（111,211）通过将圆形横截面的圆柱形坯料（100）重新成形为圆形扇形横截面的半成品来生产。

4. 发明申请

US20080003478A1 High Temperature Solid Electrolyte Fuel Cell and Fuel Cell Installation Built with Said Fuel Cell 审中-公开
标题翻译：高温固体电解质燃料电池和燃料电池安装与所述燃料电池建立
公开(公告)号：US20080003478A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-03
申请号：US11597582
申请日：2005-05-20
申请人： Horst Greiner , Joachim Grosse , Wilhelm Kleinlein , Norbert Landgraf , Werner Merz
发明人： Horst Greiner , Joachim Grosse , Wilhelm Kleinlein , Norbert Landgraf , Werner Merz
IPC分类号： H01M8/12 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/1226 , H01M8/0206 , H01M8/122 , H01M8/1231 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/243 , H01M8/2465
摘要： Solid ceramic fuel cells operating at high temperatures are already known. This type of fuel cell is particularly the so-called solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). In principle, the SOFC can be built in accordance with a planar concept or a tubular concept. The tubular concept has already been further developed in the so-called HPD configuration. According to an embodiment of the invention, the surface of the support structure in a delta fuel cell is geometrically enlarged in part in order to obtain an enlarged electrochemically active surface. Advantageously, at least one device for deflecting air from one direction to other directions is integrated into the support structure.
摘要翻译：在高温下运行的固体陶瓷燃料电池是已知的。这种燃料电池特别是所谓的固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）。原则上，SOFC可以根据平面概念或管状概念构建。管式概念已经在所谓的HPD配置中进一步发展。根据本发明的实施例，三角形燃料电池中的支撑结构的表面部分地被几何地放大，以便获得放大的电化学活性表面。有利地，用于将空气从一个方向偏转到其它方向的至少一个装置被集成到支撑结构中。

5. 发明授权

US5100867A Process for manufacturing wire or strip from high temperature superconductors and the sheaths used for implementing the process 失效
标题翻译：从高温超导体制造线或条的方法和用于实施工艺的工艺
公开(公告)号：US5100867A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US477970
申请日：1990-06-11
申请人： Karl-Heinz Gunzelmann , Reiner Muller , Werner Herkert , Joachim Grosse , Gunter Tiefel
发明人： Karl-Heinz Gunzelmann , Reiner Muller , Werner Herkert , Joachim Grosse , Gunter Tiefel
IPC分类号： B21F19/00 , B30B11/00 , B30B11/22 , C04B35/45 , C04B35/645 , H01B12/04 , H01B13/00 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/248 , C04B35/4504 , C04B35/4512 , C04B35/4521 , C04B35/6455 , Y10S505/739 , Y10S505/74 , Y10S505/786 , Y10T29/49014 , Y10T428/12354 , Y10T428/12896 , Y10T428/12924
摘要： In a known process, oxide powders derived from the four-component systems yttrium-barium-copper-oxygen or lanthanum-strontium-copper-oxygen are mixed, pressed, sintered, ground and then heat-treated to produce a superconducting material which can be shaped to the desired cross-section. According to the invention, the powder is compacted by isostatic pressing and the blank so obtained is extruded at a temperature.gtoreq.500.degree. C. to form a metallic sheath with a deformation ratio of at least 50%. The extruded blank is then converted to wire or strip. The current-carrying capacity of the high-temperature superconductor is improved by the extrusion and the resulting alignment of the crystallites. The process can be implemented using known high-temperatures superconducting material.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE88 / 00763 Sec。 371 1990年6月11日第 102（e）日期1990年6月11日PCT提交1988年12月13日PCT公布。公开号WO89 / 06053 日本1982年6月29日。在已知的方法中，将由四组分体系钇 - 钡 - 铜 - 氧或镧 - 锶 - 铜 - 氧衍生的氧化物粉末混合，压制，烧结，研磨，然后热处理产生可以成形为期望横截面的超导材料。根据本发明，粉末通过等静压压实，将得到的坯料在≥500℃的温度下挤出，形成变形率至少为50％的金属护套。然后将挤出的坯料转化成导线或带材。高温超导体的载流能力通过挤出和微晶的排列得到改善。该方法可以使用已知的高温超导材料来实现。

6. 发明授权

US4565590A Silver and metal oxides electrical contact material and method for making electrical contacts 失效
标题翻译：银和金属氧化物电接触材料和制造电接触的方法
公开(公告)号：US4565590A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-21
申请号：US693717
申请日：1985-01-23
申请人： Joachim Grosse , Guenter Tiefel , Wolfgang Haufe
发明人： Joachim Grosse , Guenter Tiefel , Wolfgang Haufe
IPC分类号： C22C32/00 , H01H1/0237 , C22C1/05 , C22C5/06 , H01H1/02
CPC分类号： H01H1/02376 , C22C32/0021
摘要： The invention relates to a material for electrical contacts, in particular for contact studs in low-voltage switchgear. The material consists of silver, tin oxide and other additives. A material is sought where the overtemperature is lowered as compared with known AgSnO.sub.2 material. According to the invention, the further additives are in combination oxides of the metals tantalum (Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5), copper (CuO) and bismuth (Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3). Further the material may contain also tungsten or oxygen containing tungsten compounds. Preferably the material contains 5 to 20 mass % SnO.sub.2, 0.1 to 5 mass % Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 5 mass % CuO, 0.1 to 5 mass % Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, optionally 0.05 to 3 mass % tungsten and silver as balance. In the method for producing contact studs, the powder metallurgical production of the material is followed by extrusion to a ribbon, from which contact studs can be separated which have an edge-parallel directional structure.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于电触点的材料，特别是用于低压开关设备中的接触柱。该材料由银，氧化锡和其他添加剂组成。与已知的AgSnO 2材料相比，寻求过热降低的材料。根据本发明，另外的添加剂是金属钽（Ta 2 O 5），铜（CuO）和铋（Bi 2 O 3）的组合氧化物。此外，材料还可以含有含钨或氧的钨化合物。优选该材料含有5〜20质量％的SnO 2，0.1〜5质量％的Ta 2 O 5 5质量％CuO，0.1〜5质量％的Bi 2 O 3，任选的0.05〜3质量％的钨和银作为平衡。在用于生产接触柱的方法中，材料的粉末冶金生产之后是挤出到带状物，由此可以分离具有边缘平行定向结构的接触柱。

7. 发明授权

US4519234A Device for manufacturing laminated semifinished material 失效
标题翻译：用于制造层压半成品的装置
公开(公告)号：US4519234A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-28
申请号：US513075
申请日：1983-07-12
申请人： Joachim Grosse , Heinrich Hassler , Gunter Tiefel
发明人： Joachim Grosse , Heinrich Hassler , Gunter Tiefel
IPC分类号： B29C47/06 , B21C23/22 , B21C25/02 , B21C25/06 , B22F3/20 , B29B7/00 , B29C47/00 , B29C47/12 , B29C47/54 , C22C32/00
CPC分类号： C22C32/0021 , B21C23/22 , B21C25/06 , B21C33/004 , B22F3/20
摘要： A device for manufacturing a laminated semifinished material by indirect extrusion of a sintered-bond blank consisting of layers of metal, metal alloys, metal mixtures or mixtures of metals and nonmetals comprises a vessel with a rectangular cutout or extrusion chamber and a one- or multipart extrusion die with one or several cutouts. A surface of the die facing the blank is profiled in the form of one or more roof gables, the surfaces of which gable forms extend perpendicularly towards the cutout from a sliding surface of the extrusion die.
摘要翻译：用于通过间接挤压由金属，金属合金，金属混合物或金属和非金属混合物组成的烧结粘合坯料制造层压半成品的装置包括具有矩形切口或挤出室以及一个或多个部分的容器挤出模具具有一个或多个切口。面向坯件的模具的表面被成形为一个或多个屋顶玻璃板的形式，其中山形玻璃的表面从挤出模具的滑动表面垂直地朝切口延伸。

8. 发明授权

US5246480A Sintered contact material based on silver for use in power engineering switch-gear, in particular for contact pieces in low-voltage switches 失效
标题翻译：基于银的烧结接触材料用于电力工程开关装置，特别是用于低压开关中的接触件
公开(公告)号：US5246480A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-21
申请号：US582871
申请日：1990-10-17
申请人： Wolfgang Haufe , Joachim Grosse , Bernhard Rothkegel, deceased
发明人： Wolfgang Haufe , Joachim Grosse , Bernhard Rothkegel, deceased
IPC分类号： C22C1/04 , C22C1/05 , C22C5/06 , C22C29/00 , C22C29/06 , C22C29/10 , C22C29/14 , C22C29/16 , C22C32/00 , H01H1/023 , H01H11/04
CPC分类号： C22C32/0047 , C22C1/0466 , H01H1/023
摘要： In a contact material, there is present in addition to silver, at least one higher melting point metal, metal alloy or metal compound. According to the invention, the material contains in addition to silver (Ag), at least iron (Fe) and/or titanium (Ti) in percent by weight of from 2 to 50%. Optionally, nitrides, carbides and/or borides of the metals titanium, zirconium and/or tantalum may also e present. It has been found that in their contact property spectrum such materials are largely equivalent to the material AgNi10. Thus the latter contact material can be replaced completely.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE89 / 00239 Sec。 371 1990年10月17日第 102（e）1990年10月17日PCT PCT 1989年4月19日PCT。出版物WO89 / 10417 日期为1989年11月2日。在接触材料中，除银以外还存在至少一种较高熔点的金属，金属合金或金属化合物。根据本发明，除了银（Ag），至少含有2至50％重量百分比的铁（Fe）和/或钛（Ti）之外，该材料还含有。任选地，也可以存在金属钛，锆和/或钽的氮化物，碳化物和/或硼化物。已经发现，在它们的接触特性谱中，这些材料大体上相当于材料AgNi10。因此后一种接触材料可以完全替代。

9. 发明授权

US4222167A Method of manufacturing a contact bridge 失效
标题翻译：接触桥的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4222167A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-16
申请号：US899961
申请日：1978-04-25
申请人： Heinrich Hassler , Joachim Grosse , Gert Fischer , Joachim Hannich
发明人： Heinrich Hassler , Joachim Grosse , Gert Fischer , Joachim Hannich
IPC分类号： B22F3/24 , B22F7/00 , H01H1/06 , H01H11/04 , H01R43/00
CPC分类号： H01H11/048 , Y10T29/49206 , Y10T29/49208
摘要： A method of manufacturing a contact bridge for an electric switching apparatus which contact bridge includes an electrically highly conductive overlay and a concave-shaped support layer. The method comprises the steps of pressing a powder blank comprising two layers of metallic material, one of which comprises iron for the support layer and the other of which comprises copper for the overlay; sintering the blank in a protective gas; sizing the blank; further sintering the blank in a protective gas; further pressing the blank by reverse-flow cup extrusion; and applying an electrical contact to the overlay. Alternatively, the powder blank may comprise a layer of copper-zirconium and silver-metal oxide, the latter for an electrical contact layer. In this embodiment, the contact bridge is formed with the electrical contact in one step and there is no need to apply a contact to the bridge after the pressing by reverse-flow cup extrusion.
摘要翻译：制造接触桥式电气开关装置的接触桥的方法包括电导电覆盖层和凹形支撑层。该方法包括按压包括两层金属材料的粉末坯料的步骤，其中一层包括用于支撑层的铁，另一层包括用于覆盖层的铜; 在保护气体中烧结坯料; 调整空白; 在保护气体中进一步烧结坯料; 通过倒流杯挤压进一步挤压坯料; 以及向所述覆盖层施加电接触。或者，粉末坯料可以包括铜 - 锆和银 - 金属氧化物层，后者用于电接触层。在该实施例中，接触桥在一个步骤中形成有电接触，并且在通过倒流杯挤压进行挤压之后，不需要在桥上施加接触。

10. 发明授权

US4216391A Circuit arrangement for generating a binary-coded pulse train 失效
标题翻译：用于产生二进制编码脉冲串的电路装置
公开(公告)号：US4216391A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-05
申请号：US955835
申请日：1978-10-30
申请人： Wilfried W. Gehrig , Joachim Grosse
发明人： Wilfried W. Gehrig , Joachim Grosse
IPC分类号： G08C19/28 , H03K1/12 , G08B9/00
CPC分类号： G08C19/28
摘要： A circuit arrangement for generating a pulse train having a predetermined first pulse spacing (a) and a second pulse spacing (b) differing from the first by an integral factor greater than one, which pulse spacings are assigned to the binary ZERO and the binary ONE, respectively, dependent upon a predetermined n-bit binary word.
摘要翻译：一种电路装置，用于产生具有预定的第一脉冲间隔（a）的脉冲序列和与第一脉冲间隔（b）不同的第一脉冲间隔（b），该第一脉冲间隔（b）不同于大于1的积分因子，该脉冲间隔被分配给二进制零和二进制1 ，分别取决于预定的n位二进制字。

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