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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Voltage-tuned millimeter-wave amplifier and method for tuning
    • 电压调谐毫米波放大器和调谐方法
    • US5831476A
    • 1998-11-03
    • US753817
    • 1996-12-02
    • Kenneth Vern BuerJohn HolmesDavid Warren Corman
    • Kenneth Vern BuerJohn HolmesDavid Warren Corman
    • H03F3/193
    • H03F3/193
    • A method (140) for tuning millimeter-wave FET amplifiers (20) during manufacture, through the application (144) of a gate bias voltage (52) so as to tune the FET (22) of the amplifier (20) to match an input circuit (24), and through the application (146) of a drain bias voltage (74) so as to tune the FET (22) of the amplifier (20) to match an output circuit (26), then measuring (150) the frequency response of the amplifier (20). This tuning method (140) is repeated (152) until a predetermined frequency response has been achieved. Once achieved, the predetermined frequency response is realized (154) by permanently fixing the gate bias voltage (52) and the drain bias voltage (74) at the determined values. This iterative method (140) of tuning amplifiers (20) is then repeated for all amplifiers (20) to be tuned.
    • 一种用于在制造期间通过栅极偏置电压(52)的应用(144)来调谐毫米波FET放大器(20)的方法(140),以便调谐放大器(20)的FET(22)以匹配 输入电路(24),并通过漏极偏置电压(74)的应用(146),以调谐放大器(20)的FET(22)以匹配输出电路(26),然后测量(150) 放大器(20)的频率响应。 重复该调谐方法(140)(152),直到达到预定的频率响应。 一旦实现,通过将栅极偏置电压(52)和漏极偏置电压(74)永久固定在所确定的值来实现预定的频率响应(154)。 然后对所有放大器(20)进行调谐的这种迭代方法(140)的调谐放大器(20)被重复。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Linear power amplifier with distortion detection
    • 线性功率放大器,具有失真检测
    • US5712593A
    • 1998-01-27
    • US596533
    • 1996-02-05
    • Kenneth Vern BuerDavid Warren CormanBill Tabano Agar, Jr.
    • Kenneth Vern BuerDavid Warren CormanBill Tabano Agar, Jr.
    • H03G3/30H03G3/20
    • H03G3/3042
    • A power amplifier (10) suitable for satellite cellular communication systems provides highly efficient linear amplification of noise-like RF signals that have multiple carriers spread over a large instantaneous bandwidth. The amount of distortion present in the output is detected (14, 16, 18) and a feedback signal is provided to control the bias point of the active devices. As drive levels increase, the increased harmonic distortion power detected causes the power amplifier bias to increase thus reducing distortion. The control circuit (20) continually re-biases the power amplifier (12) for maximum efficiency for a predetermined level of distortion. The control circuit (20) may be adjusted to maximize efficiency while maintaining an allowable distortion level over the entire dynamic range of the devices.
    • 适用于卫星蜂窝通信系统的功率放大器(10)提供了具有多个载波在大的瞬时带宽上扩展的类噪声RF信号的高效线性放大。 检测输出中出现的失真量(14,16,18),并提供反馈信号来控制有源器件的偏置点。 当驱动电平增加时,检测到的增加的谐波失真功率导致功率放大器偏置增加,从而减少失真。 控制电路(20)为了达到预定的失真水平而最大限度地重新偏置功率放大器(12)。 可以调整控制电路(20)以最大化效率,同时在整个设备的整个动态范围内保持允许的失真水平。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Structure and process for improving high frequency isolation in semiconductor substrates
    • 用于改善半导体衬底中的高频隔离的结构和工艺
    • US06642559B1
    • 2003-11-04
    • US09291494
    • 1999-04-14
    • Kenneth Vern BuerAnthony Francis QuagliettaAllen Hanson
    • Kenneth Vern BuerAnthony Francis QuagliettaAllen Hanson
    • H01L2980
    • H01L21/76H01L21/7605H01L23/481H01L23/66H01L2924/0002H01L2924/3011H01L2924/00
    • An isolation structure for high frequency integrated circuits is a conductive material disposed over a region of active gallium arsenide substrate. The conductive material over the active region creates a lossy RF path to reduce undesired coupling between adjacent conductors. In one case, two RF signal lines (1,2) terminated at the same via pad (3) have weaker coupling than in prior art via structures due to the lossy RF structure disposed on isolating fractional portions (10,11) of the via pad (3). The isolating fractional portion (10,11) are intermediate terminating fractional portions (8,9) of the via pad (3) to which the signal lines (1,2) are connected. In another case, two parallel bias lines (12,13) are disposed over an active layer region (6) increasing the RF loss between them and advantageously reducing the RF coupling. The reduced RF coupling improves RF isolation and permits increased miniaturization.
    • 用于高频集成电路的隔离结构是设置在有源砷化镓衬底的区域上的导电材料。 有源区域上的导电材料产生有损的RF路径以减少相邻导体之间的不期望的耦合。 在一种情况下,由于设置在隔离通孔的分数部分(10,11)上的有损RF结构,在相同的通孔焊盘(3)处终止的两个RF信号线(1,2)具有比现有技术的通孔结构更弱的耦合, 垫(3)。 隔离分数部分(10,11)是信号线(1,2)连接到的通孔焊盘(3)的中间终端部分部分(8,9)。 在另一种情况下,两个平行偏置线(12,13)设置在有源层区域(6)上,增加它们之间的RF损耗并且有利地减小RF耦合。 减少的射频耦合可提高RF隔离度,并允许增加小型化。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Self gain aligning circuit and method
    • 自增益对位电路及方法
    • US6091942A
    • 2000-07-18
    • US755861
    • 1996-12-02
    • Kenneth Vern BuerDavid Warren CormanBill Tabano Agar, Jr.
    • Kenneth Vern BuerDavid Warren CormanBill Tabano Agar, Jr.
    • H03G3/30H01Q11/12H04B1/06
    • H03G3/3036
    • An K-band amplifier circuit (10) with two samplers (12, 18) coupled to detectors (22, 26) that detect an input and an output RF signal level. These two reference signals are provided to a differential gain control circuit (24) which is coupled to one or more variable gain amplifier (VGA) (14) stages. The VGAs compensate for the gain of an entire chain of amplifiers (16). When the individual amplifier gains vary for any reason, (i.e., process, temperature effects or end of life degradation) the variation in gain causes higher or lower levels of detected output reference signals for a given RF input signal. The gain control circuit (24) drives the VGA (14) up or down as appropriate. By maintaining a constant offset in input and output reference control signals, the gain control circuit (24) drives the amplifier chain (16) to a constant gain.
    • 具有耦合到检测器(22,26)的两个采样器(12,18)的K波段放大器电路(10),其检测输入和输出RF信号电平。 这两个参考信号被提供给耦合到一个或多个可变增益放大器(VGA)(14)级的差分增益控制电路(24)。 VGA补偿整个放大器链(16)的增益。 当单个放大器增益由于任何原因(即,处理,温度效应或寿命终止退化)而变化时,增益的变化导致给定RF输入信号的检测到的输出参考信号的较高或较低水平。 增益控制电路(24)适当地驱动VGA(14)上或下。 通过保持输入和输出参考控制信号中的恒定偏移,增益控制电路(24)将放大器链(16)驱动到恒定增益。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Electronic scanning reflector antenna and method for using same
    • 电子扫描反射天线及其使用方法
    • US6091371A
    • 2000-07-18
    • US943810
    • 1997-10-03
    • Kenneth Vern BuerDavid Warren CormanDean L. CookDeborah Sue Dendy
    • Kenneth Vern BuerDavid Warren CormanDean L. CookDeborah Sue Dendy
    • H01Q3/44H01Q15/14H01Q25/00H01Q19/06
    • H01Q25/00H01Q15/148H01Q3/44
    • An antenna subsystem (120) which comprises an electronic scanning reflector antenna (400) is used for the formation of single and multiple beams. Reflecting surface (420) is covered with at least one dielectric layer (430) which is used to simultaneously and independently steer multiple beams. Electronic scanning reflector antenna (400) operates similar to a phased array antenna. ESRA (400) comprises a number of independent controllable reflecting surfaces (450) which are combined together in close proximity. Each one of the individual regions is covered by a dielectric layer, and the dielectric constant for each can be independently controlled. Electronic scanning reflector antennas (400, 600) are used in both space-based and terrestrial-based applications. Electronic scanning reflector antennas (400, 600) are used for both transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals.
    • 包括电子扫描反射器天线(400)的天线子系统(120)用于形成单个和多个光束。 反射表面(420)被至少一个介电层(430)覆盖,该电介质层用于同时且独立地引导多个光束。 电子扫描反射器天线(400)类似于相控阵天线。 ESRA(400)包括多个独立的可控反射表面(450),它们紧密组合在一起。 各个区域中的每一个被介电层覆盖,并且可以独立地控制每个区域的介电常数。 电子扫描反射天线(400,600)用于基于空间和地面的应用。 电子扫描反射天线(400,600)用于电磁信号的发射和接收。