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1. 发明授权

US5804801A Adhesive bonding using variable frequency microwave energy 失效
公开(公告)号：US5804801A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US816162
申请日：1997-03-12
申请人： Robert J. Lauf , April D. McMillan , Felix L. Paulauskas , Zakaryae Fathi , Jianghua Wei
发明人： Robert J. Lauf , April D. McMillan , Felix L. Paulauskas , Zakaryae Fathi , Jianghua Wei
IPC分类号： B29C65/00 , B29C65/14 , B29C65/36 , H05B6/66 , H05B6/68 , H05B6/70 , H05B6/74 , H05B6/76 , H05B6/80 , H05K3/02 , H05B6/72 , B32B31/20
CPC分类号： H05B6/686 , B29C65/1425 , B29C65/1435 , B29C65/1483 , B29C65/1496 , B29C65/3412 , B29C65/3436 , B29C65/3444 , B29C65/3468 , B29C65/348 , B29C65/3484 , B29C65/3492 , B29C65/3496 , B29C65/4835 , B29C66/7212 , B29C66/72141 , B29C66/9121 , B29C66/9131 , B29C66/91411 , B29C66/91443 , B29C66/9161 , B29C66/91951 , B29C66/961 , H05B6/705 , B29C65/4825 , B29C65/484 , B29C65/4865 , B29C65/4875 , B29C65/4885 , B29C65/489 , B29C66/71 , B29C66/7394 , B29C66/73941 , B29C66/919 , B29C66/94 , B29C66/949 , B29C66/9592 , H05K3/022 , Y02B40/143 , Y02B40/146
摘要： Methods of facilitating the adhesive bonding of various components with variable frequency microwave energy are disclosed. The time required to cure a polymeric adhesive is decreased by placing components to be bonded via the adhesive in a microwave heating apparatus having a multimode cavity and irradiated with microwaves of varying frequencies. Methods of uniformly heating various articles having conductive fibers disposed therein are provided. Microwave energy may be selectively oriented to enter an edge portion of an article having conductive fibers therein. An edge portion of an article having conductive fibers therein may be selectively shielded from microwave energy.

2. 发明授权

US5798395A Adhesive bonding using variable frequency microwave energy 失效
标题翻译：使用可变频率微波能量粘合
公开(公告)号：US5798395A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US626207
申请日：1996-03-29
申请人： Robert J. Lauf , April D. McMillan , Felix L. Paulauskas , Zakaryae Fathi , Jianghua Wei
发明人： Robert J. Lauf , April D. McMillan , Felix L. Paulauskas , Zakaryae Fathi , Jianghua Wei
IPC分类号： B29C65/00 , B29C65/14 , B29C65/36 , H05B6/66 , H05B6/68 , H05B6/70 , H05B6/74 , H05B6/76 , H05B6/80 , H05K3/02 , C09J5/06 , B32B31/28 , H05B6/64
CPC分类号： H05B6/686 , B29C65/1425 , B29C65/1435 , B29C65/1483 , B29C65/1496 , B29C65/3412 , B29C65/3436 , B29C65/3444 , B29C65/3468 , B29C65/348 , B29C65/3484 , B29C65/3492 , B29C65/3496 , B29C65/4835 , B29C66/7212 , B29C66/72141 , B29C66/9121 , B29C66/9131 , B29C66/91411 , B29C66/91443 , B29C66/9161 , B29C66/91951 , B29C66/961 , H05B6/705 , B29C65/4825 , B29C65/484 , B29C65/4865 , B29C65/4875 , B29C65/4885 , B29C65/489 , B29C66/71 , B29C66/7394 , B29C66/73941 , B29C66/919 , B29C66/94 , B29C66/949 , B29C66/9592 , H05K3/022 , Y02B40/143 , Y02B40/146
摘要： Methods of facilitating the adhesive bonding of various components with variable frequency microwave energy are disclosed. The time required to cure a polymeric adhesive is decreased by placing components to be bonded via the adhesive in a microwave heating apparatus having a multimode cavity and irradiated with microwaves of varying frequencies. Methods of uniformly heating various articles having conductive fibers disposed therein are provided. Microwave energy may be selectively oriented to enter an edge portion of an article having conductive fibers therein. An edge portion of an article having conductive fibers therein may be selectively shielded from microwave energy.
摘要翻译：公开了利用可变频率微波能量促进各种部件的粘合的方法。固化聚合物粘合剂所需的时间通过将待粘合的组分经由粘合剂放置在具有多模腔的微波加热装置中并用不同频率的微波照射来降低。提供均匀加热其中设置有导电纤维的各种制品的方法。微波能量可以选择性地定向成进入其中具有导电纤维的制品的边缘部分。具有导电纤维的制品的边缘部分可以选择性地屏蔽微波能量。

3. 发明授权

US5721286A Method for curing polymers using variable-frequency microwave heating 失效
标题翻译：使用可变频率微波加热固化聚合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5721286A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-24
申请号：US523902
申请日：1995-09-06
申请人： Robert J. Lauf , Don W. Bible , Felix L. Paulauskas
发明人： Robert J. Lauf , Don W. Bible , Felix L. Paulauskas
IPC分类号： B29C65/00 , B29C65/14 , B29C65/36 , H05B6/66 , H05B6/68 , H05B6/70 , H05B6/74 , H05B6/76 , H05B6/80 , C08J3/28 , C08J5/08 , C08J5/24
CPC分类号： H05B6/686 , B29C35/0805 , H05B6/705 , B29C2035/0855 , Y02B40/143
摘要： A method for curing polymers (11) incorporating a variable frequency microwave furnace system (10) designed to allow modulation of the frequency of the microwaves introduced into a furnace cavity (34). By varying the frequency of the microwave signal, non-uniformities within the cavity (34) are minimized, thereby achieving a more uniform cure throughout the workpiece (36). A directional coupler (24) is provided for detecting the direction of a signal and further directing the signal depending on the detected direction. A first power meter (30) is provided for measuring the power delivered to the microwave furnace (32). A second power meter (26) detects the magnitude of reflected power. The furnace cavity (34) may be adapted to be used to cure materials defining a continuous sheet or which require compressive forces during curing.
摘要翻译：一种固化聚合物（11）的方法，其包括设计成允许调节引入炉腔（34）的微波频率的变频微波炉系统（10）。通过改变微波信号的频率，空腔（34）内的非均匀性最小化，从而在整个工件（36）上实现更均匀的固化。定向耦合器（24）用于检测信号的方向，并根据检测到的方向进一步引导信号。提供第一功率计（30），用于测量传送到微波炉（32）的功率。第二功率计（26）检测反射功率的大小。炉腔（34）可以适用于固化限定连续片材的材料，或者在固化期间需要压缩力。

4. 发明公开

US20240247412A1 Apparatus and Method for Microwave Carbonization of Polymeric Materials for Carbon Fiber Production 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20240247412A1
公开(公告)日：2024-07-25
申请号：US18583847
申请日：2024-02-21
申请人： Hippolyte A. Grappe , Felix L. Paulauskas
发明人： Hippolyte A. Grappe , Felix L. Paulauskas
IPC分类号： D01F9/32
CPC分类号： D01F9/328 , D10B2101/12
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for electromagnetically and thermally treating polymeric materials, including PAN and other carbon fiber precursors at large scale at atmospheric pressure, while measuring the temperature in the closed environment of the process chamber. The apparatus is designed for continuous processing, and to be compatible with other stages of existing carbon fiber production lines. It provides direct electromagnetic coupling to the fiber tow(s) in a resonant cavity of one or more microwave waveguide launchers and also provides direct radiative or IR heating from susceptor plates located on the opposite side of the tow from the waveguide opening for processing a band of multiple tows of fiber. It produces high-temperature-carbonized (HTC) fiber with shorter residence time and higher density compared to the conventional process. Its design is inherently scalable to larger production.

5. 发明授权

US5603795A Joining of thermoplastic substrates by microwaves 失效
标题翻译：通过微波连接热塑性基材
公开(公告)号：US5603795A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-18
申请号：US299559
申请日：1994-09-01
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Thomas T. Meek
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Thomas T. Meek
IPC分类号： B29C65/14 , B29C65/36 , H05K3/28 , B32B31/28
CPC分类号： H05K3/281 , B29C65/1425 , B29C65/1435 , B29C65/148 , B29C65/3644 , B29C66/1122 , B29C66/43 , B29C66/45 , B29C66/73921 , B29C66/81267 , B29C66/8322 , B29C65/3676 , B29C66/71 , B29C66/73941 , B29K2995/0027 , H05K2201/0129 , H05K2203/065 , H05K2203/102
摘要： A method for joining two or more items having surfaces of thermoplastic material includes the steps of depositing an electrically-conductive material upon the thermoplastic surface of at least one of the items, and then placing the other of the two items adjacent the one item so that the deposited material is in intimate contact with the surfaces of both the one and the other items. The deposited material and the thermoplastic surfaces contacted thereby are then exposed to microwave radiation so that the thermoplastic surfaces in contact with the deposited material melt, and then pressure is applied to the two items so that the melted thermoplastic surfaces fuse to one another. Upon discontinuance of the exposure to the microwave energy, and after permitting the thermoplastic surfaces to cool from the melted condition, the two items are joined together by the fused thermoplastic surfaces. The deposited material has a thickness which is preferably no greater than a skin depth, .delta..sub.s, which is related to the frequency of the microwave radiation and characteristics of the deposited material in accordance with an equation.
摘要翻译：用于连接具有热塑性材料表面的两个或多个物品的方法包括以下步骤：将导电材料沉积在至少一个物品的热塑性表面上，然后将两个物品中的另一个物品放置在一个物品之间，使得沉积的材料与一个和另一个物品的表面紧密接触。然后将沉积的材料和与其接触的热塑性表面暴露于微波辐射，使得与沉积材料接触的热塑性表面熔融，然后将压力施加到两个物品上，使得熔融的热塑性表面彼此熔合。在中断暴露于微波能量之后，并且在允许热塑性表面从熔融状态冷却之后，两个物体通过熔融的热塑性表面连接在一起。沉积材料的厚度优选不大于根据等式与微波辐射的频率和沉积材料的特性相关的趋肤深度δs。

6. 发明授权

US08227051B1 Apparatus and method for carbon fiber surface treatment 有权
标题翻译：碳纤维表面处理设备及方法
公开(公告)号：US08227051B1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-24
申请号：US11159006
申请日：2005-06-22
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Daniel M. Sherman
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Daniel M. Sherman
IPC分类号： H05H1/24 , B05D3/06
CPC分类号： H05H1/2406 , C04B35/62844 , C04B2235/5248 , C04B2235/6585 , D06M10/025 , D06M10/06 , D06M11/34 , D06M2101/40 , H05H2001/2412
摘要： An apparatus and method for enhancing the surface energy and/or surface chemistry of carbon fibers involves exposing the fibers to direct or indirect contact with atmospheric pressure plasma generated using a background gas containing at least some oxygen or other reactive species. The fiber may be exposed directly to the plasma, provided that the plasma is nonfilamentary, or the fiber may be exposed indirectly through contact with gases exhausting from a plasma discharge maintained in a separate volume. In either case, the process is carried out at or near atmospheric pressure, thereby eliminating the need for vacuum equipment. The process may be further modified by moistening the fibers with selected oxygen-containing liquids before exposure to the plasma.
摘要翻译：用于增强碳纤维的表面能和/或表面化学性质的装置和方法包括将纤维暴露于使用含有至少一些氧或其它反应性物质的背景气体产生的大气压等离子体的直接或间接接触。光纤可以直接暴露于等离子体，只要等离子体是非离子的，或者纤维可以通过与维持在单独体积中的等离子体放电排出的气体接触而间接暴露。在任一情况下，该过程在大气压或接近大气压下进行，从而不需要真空设备。可以通过在暴露于等离子体之前用选择的含氧液体润湿纤维来进一步修饰该方法。

7. 发明授权

US07786253B2 Apparatus and method for oxidation and stabilization of polymeric materials 有权
标题翻译：用于氧化和稳定聚合材料的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07786253B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-31
申请号：US12466092
申请日：2009-05-14
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Terry L. White , Daniel M. Sherman
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Terry L. White , Daniel M. Sherman
IPC分类号： C08G64/00 , C08G63/02
CPC分类号： B29C59/14 , B29C2059/145 , B29K2033/20 , C08J3/24 , C08J2333/20 , D01F9/14 , D01F9/225 , D06M10/06 , D06M2101/28 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/31663
摘要： An apparatus for treating polymeric materials comprises a treatment chamber adapted to maintain a selected atmosphere; a means for supporting the polymeric material within the chamber; and, a source of plasma-derived gas containing at least one reactive oxidative species whereby the polymer is stabilized and cross linked through exposure to the oxidative species in the chamber at a selected temperature. The polymer may be directly exposed to the plasma, or alternatively, the plasma may be established in a separate volume from which the reactive species may be extracted and introduced into the vicinity of the polymer. The apparatus may be configured for either batch-type or continuous-type processing. The apparatus and method are especially useful for preparing polymer fibers, particularly PAN fibers, for later carbonization treatments.
摘要翻译：一种用于处理聚合材料的设备包括适于保持选定气氛的处理室; 用于在腔室内支撑聚合材料的装置; 以及含有至少一种反应性氧化物质的等离子体衍生气体的来源，由此聚合物通过在选定温度下暴露于室中的氧化物质而稳定并交联。聚合物可以直接暴露于等离子体，或者，等离子体可以建立在单独的体积中，反应物质可以从该体积中提取并引入到聚合物附近。该装置可以被配置为分批式或连续型处理。该设备和方法特别适用于制备聚合物纤维，特别是PAN纤维，用于后续的碳化处理。

8. 发明授权

US07649078B1 Apparatus and method for stabilization or oxidation of polymeric materials 有权
标题翻译：用于稳定或氧化聚合材料的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07649078B1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-19
申请号：US11391615
申请日：2006-03-28
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Daniel M. Sherman
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Daniel M. Sherman
IPC分类号： C08G63/02 , B32B27/06
CPC分类号： B29C59/14 , B29C2059/145 , B29K2033/20 , C01B13/10 , C08J7/12 , D01F9/328 , D06M10/06 , D06M11/34 , Y10T428/2904
摘要： An apparatus for treating polymeric materials comprises a treatment chamber adapted to maintain a selected atmosphere at a selected temperature; a means for supporting the polymeric material within the chamber; and, a source of ozone-containing gas, which decomposes at the selected temperature yielding at least one reactive oxidative species whereby the polymer is stabilized and cross linked through exposure to the oxidative species in the chamber at the selected temperature. The ozone may be generated by a plasma discharge or by various chemical processes. The apparatus may be configured for either batch-type or continuous-type processing. The apparatus and method are especially useful for preparing polymer fibers, particularly PAN fibers, for later carbonization treatments as well as to make flame-retardant fabrics.
摘要翻译：一种用于处理聚合材料的设备包括适于将选定气氛保持在选定温度的处理室; 用于在腔室内支撑聚合材料的装置; 以及含有臭氧的气体源，其在所选择的温度下分解，产生至少一种反应性氧化物质，由此通过在所选择的温度下暴露于室中的氧化物质使聚合物稳定并交联。臭氧可以通过等离子体放电或各种化学过程产生。该装置可以被配置为分批式或连续型处理。该装置和方法特别适用于制备聚合物纤维，特别是PAN纤维，用于后续的碳化处理以及制备阻燃织物。

9. 发明申请

US20090263295A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR OXIDATION AND STABILIZATION OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS 有权
标题翻译：聚合材料氧化和稳定化的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20090263295A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-22
申请号：US12466092
申请日：2009-05-14
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Terry L. White , Daniel M. Sherman
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Terry L. White , Daniel M. Sherman
IPC分类号： G21C1/00 , B01J19/08 , B01J19/12
CPC分类号： B29C59/14 , B29C2059/145 , B29K2033/20 , C08J3/24 , C08J2333/20 , D01F9/14 , D01F9/225 , D06M10/06 , D06M2101/28 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/31663
摘要： An apparatus for treating polymeric materials comprises a treatment chamber adapted to maintain a selected atmosphere; a means for supporting the polymeric material within the chamber; and, a source of plasma-derived gas containing at least one reactive oxidative species whereby the polymer is stabilized and cross linked through exposure to the oxidative species in the chamber at a selected temperature. The polymer may be directly exposed to the plasma, or alternatively, the plasma may be established in a separate volume from which the reactive species may be extracted and introduced into the vicinity of the polymer. The apparatus may be configured for either batch-type or continuous-type processing. The apparatus and method are especially useful for preparing polymer fibers, particularly PAN fibers, for later carbonization treatments.
摘要翻译：一种用于处理聚合材料的设备包括适于保持选定气氛的处理室; 用于在腔室内支撑聚合材料的装置; 以及含有至少一种反应性氧化物质的等离子体衍生气体的来源，由此聚合物通过在选定温度下暴露于室中的氧化物质而稳定并交联。聚合物可以直接暴露于等离子体，或者，等离子体可以建立在单独的体积中，反应物质可以从该体积中提取并引入到聚合物附近。该装置可以被配置为分批式或连续型处理。该设备和方法特别适用于制备聚合物纤维，特别是PAN纤维，用于后续的碳化处理。

10. 发明授权

US06514449B1 Microwave and plasma-assisted modification of composite fiber surface topography 有权
标题翻译：复合纤维表面形貌的微波和等离子体辅助改性
公开(公告)号：US06514449B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-04
申请号：US09668246
申请日：2000-09-22
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Terry L. White , Timothy S. Bigelow
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Terry L. White , Timothy S. Bigelow
IPC分类号： B29C5916
CPC分类号： B29C70/16 , B29C70/54 , D01D10/00 , D06M10/003 , D06M10/025
摘要： The present invention introduces a novel method for producing an undulated surface on composite fibers using plasma technology and microwave radiation. The undulated surface improves the mechanical interlocking of the fibers to composite resins and enhances the mechanical strength and interfacial sheer strength of the composites in which they are introduced.
摘要翻译：本发明引入了使用等离子体技术和微波辐射在复合纤维上制造起伏表面的新颖方法。波纹表面改善了纤维与复合树脂的机械互锁，并提高了其引入复合材料的机械强度和界面剪切强度。

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