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1. 发明授权

US07831774B2 Pipelining D states for MRU steerage during MRU-LRU member allocation 有权
标题翻译：在MRU-LRU成员分配过程中管理D状态用于MRU操纵
公开(公告)号：US07831774B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-09
申请号：US12118238
申请日：2008-05-09
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Guy L. Guthrie , William J. Starke , Jeffrey A. Stuecheli
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Guy L. Guthrie , William J. Starke , Jeffrey A. Stuecheli
IPC分类号： G06F13/00 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F12/0888 , G06F12/123 , G06F12/126 , G06F2212/1032
摘要： A method and apparatus for preventing selection of Deleted (D) members as an LRU victim during LRU victim selection. During each cache access targeting the particular congruence class, the deleted cache line is identified from information in the cache directory. A location of a deleted cache line is pipelined through the cache architecture during LRU victim selection. The information is latched and then passed to MRU vector generation logic. An MRU vector is generated and passed to the MRU update logic, which is selects/tags the deleted member as a MRU member. The make MRU operation affects only the lower level LRU state bits arranged in a tree-based structure state bits so that the make MRU operation only negates selection of the specific member in the D state, without affecting LRU victim selection of the other members.
摘要翻译：用于在LRU受害者选择期间防止选择被删除（D）成员作为LRU受害者的方法和装置。在针对特定同余类的每个缓存访问期间，从高速缓存目录中的信息识别已删除的高速缓存行。删除的高速缓存行的位置在LRU受害者选择期间通过高速缓存架构流水线化。信息被锁存，然后传递给MRU向量生成逻辑。生成MRU向量并将其传递给MRU更新逻辑，MRU更新逻辑是将删除的成员作为MRU成员进行选择/标记。使MRU操作仅影响以基于树的结构状态位布置的较低级LRU状态位，使得MRU操作仅在D状态下否定特定成员的选择，而不影响其他成员的LRU受害者选择。

2. 发明授权

US08205136B2 Fault tolerant encoding of directory states for stuck bits 有权
标题翻译：卡位的目录状态的容错编码
公开(公告)号：US08205136B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-19
申请号：US12189808
申请日：2008-08-12
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Guy L. Guthrie , William J. Starke
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Guy L. Guthrie , William J. Starke
IPC分类号： G11C29/00
CPC分类号： G11C29/832 , G06F11/1064
摘要： A method of handling a stuck bit in a directory of a cache memory, by defining multiple binary encodings to indicate a defective cache state, detecting an error in a tag stored in a member of the directory (wherein the tag at least includes an address field, a state field and an error-correction field), determining that the error is associated with a stuck bit of the directory member, and writing new state information to the directory member which is selected from one of the binary encodings based on a field location of the stuck bit within the directory member. The multiple binary encodings may include a first binary encoding when the stuck bit is in the address field, a second binary encoding when the stuck bit is in the state field, and a third binary encoding when the stuck bit is in the error-correction field. The new state information may also further be selected based on the value of the stuck bit, e.g., a state bit corresponding to the stuck bit is assigned a bit value from the new state information which matches the value of the stuck bit.
摘要翻译：一种通过定义多个二进制编码来指示缺陷高速缓存状态来处理高速缓冲存储器的目录中的卡住位的方法，检测存储在目录成员中的标签中的错误（其中标签至少包括地址字段，状态字段和纠错字段），确定错误与目录成员的卡住位相关联，并且基于字段位置将新状态信息写入从二进制编码之一中选择的目录成员的目录成员中的卡住位。多个二进制编码可以包括当卡住位在地址字段中时的第一二进制编码，当卡位位于状态字段时的第二二进制编码，以及当卡位位于错误校正字段中时的第三二进制编码。还可以基于卡住位的值进一步选择新的状态信息，例如，对应于该卡住位的状态位从与该卡位的值匹配的新状态信息中分配一位值。

3. 发明授权

US07689891B2 Method and system for handling stuck bits in cache directories 有权
标题翻译：用于处理缓存目录中的卡位的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07689891B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-30
申请号：US11225640
申请日：2005-09-13
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Guy L. Guthrie , William J. Starke
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Guy L. Guthrie , William J. Starke
IPC分类号： G11C29/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/1064
摘要： A method of handling a stuck bit in a directory of a cache memory which detects an error in a stored tag having an address field, a state field and an error-correction field, determines that the error is associated with a stuck bit of the directory member, marks the directory member as defective, and casts out corrected address information. The error is detected during processing of a cache directory access request, and is determined to be associated with a stuck bit of the directory member by attempting to correct a first error and then detecting a second error after the first correction attempt. The address information is cast out by routing a surrogate tag contained in a surrogate member of the cache directory through error-correction pipeline circuitry while transmitting the address information from the surrogate member to a cast-out machine.
摘要翻译：一种处理高速缓冲存储器的目录中的卡住位的方法，该高速缓冲存储器的目录中检测到具有地址字段，状态字段和纠错字段的存储标签中的错误，确定该错误与该目录的卡住位相关联会员，将目录成员标记为有缺陷，并丢弃修正的地址信息。在处理高速缓存目录访问请求期间检测到错误，并且通过尝试校正第一错误然后在第一次校正尝试之后检测第二错误来确定与目录成员的卡住位相关联。通过错误校正流水线电路路由包含在高速缓存目录的代理成员中的代理标签，同时将地址信息从代理成员发送到投放机器，来丢弃地址信息。

4. 发明授权

US07533321B2 Fault tolerant encoding of directory states for stuck bits 有权
标题翻译：卡位的目录状态的容错编码
公开(公告)号：US07533321B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-12
申请号：US11225570
申请日：2005-09-13
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Guy L. Guthrie , William J. Starke
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Guy L. Guthrie , William J. Starke
IPC分类号： G11C29/00
CPC分类号： G11C29/832 , G06F11/1064
摘要： A method of handling a stuck bit in a directory of a cache memory, by defining multiple binary encodings to indicate a defective cache state, detecting an error in a tag stored in a member of the directory (wherein the tag at least includes an address field, a state field and an error-correction field), determining that the error is associated with a stuck bit of the directory member, and writing new state information to the directory member which is selected from one of the binary encodings based on a field location of the stuck bit within the directory member. The multiple binary encodings may include a first binary encoding when the stuck bit is in the address field, a second binary encoding when the stuck bit is in the state field, and a third binary encoding when the stuck bit is in the error-correction field. The new state information may also further be selected based on the value of the stuck bit, e.g., a state bit corresponding to the stuck bit is assigned a bit value from the new state information which matches the value of the stuck bit.
摘要翻译：一种通过定义多个二进制编码来指示缺陷高速缓存状态来处理高速缓冲存储器的目录中的卡住位的方法，检测存储在目录成员中的标签中的错误（其中标签至少包括地址字段，状态字段和纠错字段），确定错误与目录成员的卡住位相关联，并且基于字段位置将新状态信息写入从二进制编码之一中选择的目录成员的目录成员中的卡住位。多个二进制编码可以包括当卡住位在地址字段中时的第一二进制编码，当卡位位于状态字段时的第二二进制编码，以及当卡位位于错误校正字段中时的第三二进制编码。还可以基于卡住位的值进一步选择新的状态信息，例如，对应于该卡住位的状态位从与该卡位的值匹配的新状态信息中分配一位值。

5. 发明授权

US07805574B2 Method and cache system with soft I-MRU member protection scheme during make MRU allocation 有权
标题翻译：在进行MRU分配时，具有软I-MRU成员保护方案的方法和缓存系统
公开(公告)号：US07805574B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-28
申请号：US11538091
申请日：2006-10-03
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Jeffrey A. Stuecheli
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Jeffrey A. Stuecheli
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/126
摘要： A caching mechanism implementing a “soft” Instruction-Most Recently Used (I-MRU) protection scheme whereby the selected I-MRU member (cache line) is only protected for a limited number of eviction cycles unless that member is updated/utilized during the period. An update or access to the instruction restarts the countdown that determines when the cache line is no longer protected as the I-MRU. Accordingly, only frequently used Instruction lines are protected, and old I-MRU lines age out of the cache. The old I-MRU members are evicted, such that all the members of a congruence class may be used for data. The I-MRU aging is accomplished through a counter or a linear feedback shift register (LFSR)-based “shootdown” of I-MRU cache lines. The LFSR is tuned such that an I-MRU line will be protected for a pre-established number of evictions.
摘要翻译：实现“软”指令 - 最近使用（I-MRU）保护方案的缓存机制，由此所选择的I-MRU成员（高速缓存行）仅对有限数量的驱逐周期进行保护，除非该成员在期。对该指令的更新或访问将重新启动倒数计时，以确定高速缓存行何时不再受I-MRU的保护。因此，只有经常使用的指令行被保护，并且旧的I-MRU线老化在高速缓存之外。旧的I-MRU成员被驱逐出来，使得一致等级的所有成员都可以用于数据。 I-MRU老化通过I-MRU高速缓存线的计数器或线性反馈移位寄存器（LFSR）的“下降”来实现。调整LFSR，使得I-MRU线路将受到预先确定的驱逐次数的保护。

6. 发明授权

US09582284B2 Performance of processors is improved by limiting number of branch prediction levels 有权
标题翻译：通过限制分支预测级别的数量来提高处理器的性能
公开(公告)号：US09582284B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-28
申请号：US13308696
申请日：2011-12-01
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Wen-Tzer T. Chen
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Wen-Tzer T. Chen
IPC分类号： G06F9/38 , G06F11/30
CPC分类号： G06F9/3844 , G06F9/3842 , G06F11/30 , G06F11/3024 , G06F11/3409 , G06F2201/81
摘要： A method utilizes information provided by performance monitoring hardware to dynamically adjust the number of levels of speculative branch predictions allowed (typically 3 or 4 per thread) for a processor core. The information includes cycles-per-instruction (CPI) for the processor core and number of memory accesses per unit time. If the CPI is below a CPI threshold; and the number of memory accesses (NMA) per unit time is above a prescribed threshold, the number of levels of speculative branch predictions is reduced per thread for the processor core. Likewise, the number of levels of speculative branch predictions could be increased, from a low level to maximum allowed, if the CPI threshold is exceeded or the number of memory accesses per unit time is below the prescribed threshold.
摘要翻译：一种方法利用由性能监视硬件提供的信息来动态调整对于处理器核心允许的推测分支预测级别（通常为每线程3或4个）。该信息包括处理器核心的每个指令周期（CPI）和每单位时间的存储器访问次数。如果CPI低于CPI阈值; 并且每单位时间的存储器访问次数（NMA）高于规定的阈值，则对于处理器核，每个线程的推测分支预测的级别数量减少。同样地，如果超过CPI阈值或每单位时间的存储器访问次数低于规定的阈值，则可以将推测分支预测的级数从低级别增加到允许的最大级别。

7. 发明授权

US09298458B2 Performance of emerging applications in a virtualized environment using transient instruction streams 有权
公开(公告)号：US09298458B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-29
申请号：US13427083
申请日：2012-03-22
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Hong L. Hua , Ram Raghavan , Mysore S. Srinivas
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Hong L. Hua , Ram Raghavan , Mysore S. Srinivas
IPC分类号： G06F9/30 , G06F9/38
CPC分类号： G06F9/30054 , G06F9/30185 , G06F9/3802
摘要： A method, system and computer-usable medium are disclosed for managing transient instruction streams. Transient flags are defined in Branch-and-Link (BRL) instructions that are known to be infrequently executed. A bit is likewise set in a Special Purpose Register (SPR) of the hardware (e.g., a core) that is executing an instruction request thread. Subsequent fetches or prefetches in the request thread are treated as transient and are not written to lower-level caches. If an instruction is non-transient, and if a lower-level cache is non-inclusive of the L1 instruction cache, a fetch or prefetch miss that is obtained from memory may be written in both the L1 and the lower-level cache. If it is not inclusive, a cast-out from the L1 instruction cache may be written in the lower-level cache.

8. 发明授权

US08943272B2 Variable cache line size management 有权
标题翻译：可变缓存行大小管理
公开(公告)号：US08943272B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-27
申请号：US13451742
申请日：2012-04-20
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Wen-Tzer T. Chen , Diane G. Flemming , Hong L. Hua , William A. Maron , Mysore S. Srinivas
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Wen-Tzer T. Chen , Diane G. Flemming , Hong L. Hua , William A. Maron , Mysore S. Srinivas
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/08
CPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06F12/0811 , G06F12/0897
摘要： According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method and technique for variable cache line size management is disclosed. The method includes: determining whether an eviction of a cache line from an upper level sectored cache to an unsectored lower level cache is to be performed, wherein the upper level cache includes a plurality of sub-sectors, each sub-sector having a cache line size corresponding to a cache line size of the lower level cache; responsive to determining that an eviction is to be performed, identifying referenced sub-sectors of the cache line to be evicted; invalidating unreferenced sub-sectors of the cache line to be evicted; and storing the referenced sub-sectors in the lower level cache.
摘要翻译：根据本公开的一个方面，公开了一种用于可变高速缓存行大小管理的方法和技术。该方法包括：确定是否执行将高速缓存行从高级扇区高速缓存驱逐到未故障的较低级高速缓存，其中高级缓存包括多个子扇区，每个子扇区具有高速缓存行对应于较低级缓存的高速缓存行大小的大小; 响应于确定要执行驱逐，识别要被驱逐的高速缓存行的参考子扇区; 使要删除的缓存行的未引用子扇区无效; 并将所引用的子扇区存储在下级缓存中。

9. 发明授权

US08769210B2 Dynamic prioritization of cache access 有权
标题翻译：高速缓存访问的动态优先级
公开(公告)号：US08769210B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-01
申请号：US13323076
申请日：2011-12-12
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Hong L. Hua , William A. Maron , Mysore S. Srinivas
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Hong L. Hua , William A. Maron , Mysore S. Srinivas
IPC分类号： G06F12/08
CPC分类号： G06F12/0815
摘要： Some embodiments of the inventive subject matter are directed to a cache comprising a tracking unit and cache state machines. In some embodiments, the tracking unit is configured to track an amount of cache resources used to service cache misses within a past period. In some embodiments, each of the cache state machines is configured to, determine whether a memory access request results in a cache miss or cache hit, and in response to a cache miss for a memory access request, query the tracking unit for the amount of cache resources used to service cache misses within the past period. In some embodiments, the each of the cache state machines is configured to service the memory access request based, at least in part, on the amount of cache resources used to service the cache misses within the past period according to the tracking unit.
摘要翻译：本发明主题的一些实施例涉及包括跟踪单元和高速缓存状态机的高速缓存。在一些实施例中，跟踪单元被配置为跟踪用于在过去时间段内服务高速缓存未命中的高速缓存资源的量。在一些实施例中，每个高速缓存状态机被配置为，确定存储器访问请求是否导致高速缓存未命中或高速缓存命中，并且响应于存储器访问请求的高速缓存未命中，查询跟踪单元的数量用于在过去一段时间内缓存未命中服务的缓存资源。在一些实施例中，每个高速缓存状态机被配置为至少部分地基于用于根据跟踪单元在过去时段内服务高速缓存未命中的高速缓存资源的量来服务存储器访问请求。

10. 发明授权

US08527956B2 Workload performance projection via surrogate program analysis for future information handling systems 失效
标题翻译：通过代理程序分析进行未来信息处理系统的工作负载性能预测
公开(公告)号：US08527956B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-03
申请号：US12343467
申请日：2008-12-23
申请人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Luigi Brochard , Donald Robert DeSota , Venkat R. Indukuru , Rajendra D. Panda , Sameh S. Sharkawi
发明人： Robert H. Bell, Jr. , Luigi Brochard , Donald Robert DeSota , Venkat R. Indukuru , Rajendra D. Panda , Sameh S. Sharkawi
IPC分类号： G06F9/44
CPC分类号： G06F11/3419 , G06F11/3414 , G06F11/3457 , G06F2201/865 , G06F2201/88
摘要： A performance projection system includes a test IHS and multiple currently existing IHSs. The performance projection system includes user application software and surrogate programs that execute on currently existing IHSs. The performance projection system measures user application software and surrogate program performance during execution on currently existing IHSs. The performance projection systems measures runtime program performance during execution of surrogate programs on a future semiconductor die IC design model or virtualized future system. Designers normalize and compare surrogate program runtime performance data with user application software performance data. Designers un-normalize the normalized runtime performance data to generate a projection of runtime performance on the future system.
摘要翻译：性能投影系统包括测试IHS和多个当前存在的IHS。性能投影系统包括在当前存在的IHS上执行的用户应用软件和代理程序。性能投影系统在目前现有的IHSs的执行过程中测量用户应用软件和代理程序性能。性能投影系统在未来的半导体芯片IC设计模型或虚拟化未来系统执行替代程序期间测量运行时程序性能。设计师将代理程序运行时性能数据与用户应用软件性能数据进行规范化和比较。设计师对规范化的运行时性能数据进行非规范化，以生成对未来系统的运行时性能的投影。

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