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1. 发明授权

US08799511B1 Synchronizing state information between control units 有权
标题翻译：同步控制单元之间的状态信息
公开(公告)号：US08799511B1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-05
申请号：US12814198
申请日：2010-06-11
申请人： Raghunath Balakrishna , Shine-chu Wang , Umesh Krishnaswamy , Bharani Chadalavada , Sandeep Kumar , Raj Tuplur , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan
发明人： Raghunath Balakrishna , Shine-chu Wang , Umesh Krishnaswamy , Bharani Chadalavada , Sandeep Kumar , Raj Tuplur , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： G06F11/2097 , G06F11/2038 , H04L12/66
摘要： Techniques are described for synchronizing state information between a plurality of control units. A router, for example, is described that includes a primary control unit and a standby control unit. The primary control unit maintains router resources to ensure operation of the router. To ensure operation, the primary control unit receives state information from the router resources and maintains the state information for consumers, i.e. router resources that require or “consume” state information. Prior to updating the consumers with the state information, the primary control unit synchronizes the state information with the standby control unit. In the event the primary control unit fails, the standby control unit assumes control of the router resources. Upon assuming control, the standby control unit resumes updating the consumers with state information without having to “relearn” state information, e.g., by way of power cycling the router resources to a known state.
摘要翻译：描述了用于使多个控制单元之间的状态信息同步的技术。描述了路由器，其包括主控制单元和备用控制单元。主控单元维护路由器资源，确保路由器的运行。为了确保操作，主控制单元从路由器资源接收状态信息并维护消费者的状态信息，即需要或“消耗”状态信息的路由器资源。在使用状态信息更新消费者之前，主控制单元将状态信息与待机控制单元同步。在主控单元发生故障的情况下，备用控制单元承担路由器资源的控制。在进行控制时，备用控制单元通过状态信息恢复消费者的更新，而不必例如通过将路由器资源的功率循环到已知状态来“重新学习”状态信息。

2. 发明授权

US07739403B1 Synchronizing state information between control units 有权
标题翻译：同步控制单元之间的状态信息
公开(公告)号：US07739403B1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-15
申请号：US10678280
申请日：2003-10-03
申请人： Raghunath Balakrishna , Shine-chu Wang , Umesh Krishnaswamy , Bharani Chadalavada , Sandeep Kumar , Raj Tuplur , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan
发明人： Raghunath Balakrishna , Shine-chu Wang , Umesh Krishnaswamy , Bharani Chadalavada , Sandeep Kumar , Raj Tuplur , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/2097 , G06F11/2038 , H04L12/66
摘要： Techniques are described for synchronizing state information between a plurality of control units. A router, for example, is described that includes a primary control unit and a standby control unit. The primary control unit maintains router resources to ensure operation of the router. To ensure operation, the primary control unit receives state information from the router resources and maintains the state information for consumers, i.e. router resources that require or “consume” state information. Prior to updating the consumers with the state information, the primary control unit synchronizes the state information with the standby control unit. In the event the primary control unit fails, the standby control unit assumes control of the router resources. Upon assuming control, the standby control unit resumes updating the consumers with state information without having to “relearn” state information, e.g., by way of power cycling the router resources to a known state.
摘要翻译：描述了用于使多个控制单元之间的状态信息同步的技术。描述了路由器，其包括主控制单元和备用控制单元。主控单元维护路由器资源，确保路由器的运行。为了确保操作，主控制单元从路由器资源接收状态信息并维护消费者的状态信息，即需要或“消耗”状态信息的路由器资源。在使用状态信息更新消费者之前，主控制单元将状态信息与待机控制单元同步。在主控单元发生故障的情况下，备用控制单元承担路由器资源的控制。在进行控制时，备用控制单元通过状态信息恢复消费者的更新，而不必例如通过将路由器资源的功率循环到已知状态来“重新学习”状态信息。

3. 发明申请

US20110013508A1 NON-STOP FORWARDING IN A MULTI-CHASSIS ROUTER 有权
标题翻译：在多重路由器路由器中不停止转发
公开(公告)号：US20110013508A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-20
申请号：US12889209
申请日：2010-09-23
申请人： Raj Tuplur , Bharani Chadalavada , Manoj Apte , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan , Sriram Raghunathan , Umesh Krishnaswamy
发明人： Raj Tuplur , Bharani Chadalavada , Manoj Apte , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan , Sriram Raghunathan , Umesh Krishnaswamy
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/58 , H04L45/60
摘要： State information is synchronized between a plurality of routing engines in a multi-chassis router according to a synchronization gradient. An example multi-chassis router is described that includes a primary routing engine and a standby routing engine in each chassis. According to the synchronization gradient, the primary routing engine of a control node updates state information on the standby routing engine of the control node prior to updating the primary routing engines of the other chassis. The primary routing engines of the other chassis update state information in respective standby routing engines prior to updating state information in consumers. If a primary routing engine fails, the corresponding standby routing engine assumes control of the primary routing engine's duties. Upon assuming control, a standby routing engine resumes updating state information without having to resend state information or interrupt packet forwarding.
摘要翻译：根据同步梯度，状态信息在多机架路由器中的多个路由引擎之间同步。描述了一种示例性多机架路由器，其包括每个机架中的主路由引擎和备用路由引擎。根据同步梯度，控制节点的主路由引擎在更新另一机箱的主路由引擎之前更新控制节点的备用路由引擎上的状态信息。另一个机箱的主要路由引擎在更新消费者中的状态信息之前，在相应的备用路由引擎中更新状态信息。如果主路由引擎发生故障，则相应的备用路由引擎将控制主路由引擎的任务。在进行控制时，备用路由引擎恢复更新状态信息，而不必重新发送状态信息或中断分组转发。

4. 发明授权

US08483048B2 Non-stop forwarding in a multi-chassis router 有权
标题翻译：在多机箱路由器中不间断转发
公开(公告)号：US08483048B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-09
申请号：US12889209
申请日：2010-09-23
申请人： Raj Tuplur , Bharani Chadalavada , Manoj Apte , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan , Sriram Raghunathan , Umesh Krishnaswamy
发明人： Raj Tuplur , Bharani Chadalavada , Manoj Apte , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan , Sriram Raghunathan , Umesh Krishnaswamy
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/58 , H04L45/60
摘要： State information is synchronized between a plurality of routing engines in a multi-chassis router according to a synchronization gradient. An example multi-chassis router is described that includes a primary routing engine and a standby routing engine in each chassis. According to the synchronization gradient, the primary routing engine of a control node updates state information on the standby routing engine of the control node prior to updating the primary routing engines of the other chassis. The primary routing engines of the other chassis update state information in respective standby routing engines prior to updating state information in consumers. If a primary routing engine fails, the corresponding standby routing engine assumes control of the primary routing engine's duties. Upon assuming control, a standby routing engine resumes updating state information without having to resend state information or interrupt packet forwarding.
摘要翻译：根据同步梯度，状态信息在多机架路由器中的多个路由引擎之间同步。描述了一种示例性多机架路由器，其包括每个机架中的主路由引擎和备用路由引擎。根据同步梯度，控制节点的主路由引擎在更新另一机箱的主路由引擎之前更新控制节点的备用路由引擎上的状态信息。另一个机箱的主要路由引擎在更新消费者中的状态信息之前，在相应的备用路由引擎中更新状态信息。如果主路由引擎发生故障，则相应的备用路由引擎将控制主路由引擎的任务。在进行控制时，备用路由引擎恢复更新状态信息，而不必重新发送状态信息或中断分组转发。

5. 发明授权

US07804769B1 Non-stop forwarding in a multi-chassis router 有权
标题翻译：在多机箱路由器中不间断转发
公开(公告)号：US07804769B1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-28
申请号：US11292204
申请日：2005-12-01
申请人： Raj Tuplur , Bharani Chadalavada , Manoj Apte , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan , Sriram Raghunathan , Umesh Krishnaswamy
发明人： Raj Tuplur , Bharani Chadalavada , Manoj Apte , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan , Sriram Raghunathan , Umesh Krishnaswamy
IPC分类号： G06F11/00 , G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/58 , H04L45/60
摘要： State information is synchronized between a plurality of routing engines in a multi-chassis router according to a synchronization gradient. An example multi-chassis router is described that includes a primary routing engine and a standby routing engine in each chassis. According to the synchronization gradient, the primary routing engine of a control node updates state information on the standby routing engine of the control node prior to updating the primary routing engines of the other chassis. The primary routing engines of the other chassis update state information in respective standby routing engines prior to updating state information in consumers. If a primary routing engine fails, the corresponding standby routing engine assumes control of the primary routing engine's duties. Upon assuming control, a standby routing engine resumes updating state information without having to resend state information or interrupt packet forwarding.
摘要翻译：根据同步梯度，状态信息在多机架路由器中的多个路由引擎之间同步。描述了一种示例性多机架路由器，其包括每个机架中的主路由引擎和备用路由引擎。根据同步梯度，控制节点的主路由引擎在更新另一机箱的主路由引擎之前更新控制节点的备用路由引擎上的状态信息。另一个机箱的主要路由引擎在更新消费者中的状态信息之前，在相应的备用路由引擎中更新状态信息。如果主路由引擎发生故障，则相应的备用路由引擎将控制主路由引擎的任务。在进行控制时，备用路由引擎恢复更新状态信息，而不必重新发送状态信息或中断分组转发。

6. 发明授权

US08149691B1 Push-based hierarchical state propagation within a multi-chassis network device 有权
标题翻译：多机箱网络设备内基于推送式的分层状态传播
公开(公告)号：US08149691B1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-03
申请号：US12411113
申请日：2009-03-25
申请人： Bharani Chadalavada , Umesh Krishnaswamy , Raj Tuplur
发明人： Bharani Chadalavada , Umesh Krishnaswamy , Raj Tuplur
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/58 , H04L45/60
摘要： A multi-chassis network device sends state information to internal consumers within the multi-chassis device via a hierarchical distribution. As one example, a primary master routing engine within a control node of a multi-chassis router forwards state information to local routing engines within other chassis, which in turn distribute the state information to consumers on each chassis. Each local routing engine defers sending acknowledgement to the master routing engine until acknowledgements have been received from all consumers serviced by the local routing engine. Embodiments of the invention may reduce control plane data traffic and convergence times associated with distribution of state updates in the multi-chassis network device.
摘要翻译：多机箱网络设备通过分层分发向多机箱设备内的内部消费者发送状态信息。作为一个示例，多机架路由器的控制节点内的主要主路由引擎将状态信息转发到其他机箱内的本地路由引擎，而另一个机箱又将状态信息分配给每个机箱上的消费者。每个本地路由引擎将发送确认发送到主路由引擎，直到从本地路由引擎所服务的所有消费者接收到确认。本发明的实施例可以减少与多机箱网络设备中的状态更新的分配相关联的控制平面数据流量和收敛时间。

7. 发明授权

US07518986B1 Push-based hierarchical state propagation within a multi-chassis network device 有权
标题翻译：多机箱网络设备内基于推送式的分层状态传播
公开(公告)号：US07518986B1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-14
申请号：US11280887
申请日：2005-11-16
申请人： Bharani Chadalavada , Umesh Krishnaswamy , Raj Tuplur
发明人： Bharani Chadalavada , Umesh Krishnaswamy , Raj Tuplur
IPC分类号： G08C15/00
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/58 , H04L45/60
摘要： A multi-chassis network device sends state information to internal consumers within the multi-chassis device via a hierarchical distribution. As one example, a primary master routing engine within a control node of a multi-chassis router forwards state information to local routing engines within other chassis, which in turn distribute the state information to consumers on each chassis. Each local routing engine defers sending acknowledgement to the master routing engine until acknowledgements have been received from all consumers serviced by the local routing engine. Embodiments of the invention may reduce control plane data traffic and convergence times associated with distribution of state updates in the multi-chassis network device.
摘要翻译：多机箱网络设备通过分层分发向多机箱设备内的内部消费者发送状态信息。作为一个示例，多机架路由器的控制节点内的主要主路由引擎将状态信息转发到其他机箱内的本地路由引擎，而另一个机箱又将状态信息分配给每个机箱上的消费者。每个本地路由引擎将发送确认发送到主路由引擎，直到从本地路由引擎所服务的所有消费者接收到确认。本发明的实施例可以减少与多机箱网络设备中的状态更新的分配相关联的控制平面数据流量和收敛时间。

8. 发明授权

US09253123B1 Methods and apparatus for load balancing VLAN traffic 有权
标题翻译：负载平衡VLAN流量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US09253123B1
公开(公告)日：2016-02-02
申请号：US13627622
申请日：2012-09-26
申请人： Pranay Podge , James Murphy , Abhijit Choudhury , Raghavendra Mallya , Sandeep Bajaj , Bharani Chadalavada , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan
发明人： Pranay Podge , James Murphy , Abhijit Choudhury , Raghavendra Mallya , Sandeep Bajaj , Bharani Chadalavada , Rajagopalan Sivaramakrishnan
IPC分类号： H04L12/26 , H04L12/939 , H04L12/931 , H04L12/721
CPC分类号： H04L47/125 , H04L12/4641 , H04L12/5691 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/66 , H04L49/354 , H04L49/552
摘要： In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a first core device configured to be disposed within a network. The network has a set of access nodes and a second core device. The first core device is configured to receive a signal designating the first core device as a master device for a virtual group identifier such that the second core device is designated as a back-up device for that virtual group identifier.
摘要翻译：在一些实施例中，装置包括配置成布置在网络内的第一核心设备。该网络具有一组接入节点和第二核心设备。第一核心设备被配置为接收指定第一核心设备作为虚拟组标识符的主设备的信号，使得第二核心设备被指定为该虚拟组标识符的备份设备。

9. 发明授权

US07509399B1 Programmable communication interface 有权
标题翻译：可编程通讯接口
公开(公告)号：US07509399B1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-24
申请号：US10431750
申请日：2003-05-08
申请人： Barun Kar , Troy M Sheets , Truman Joe , Bharani Chadalavada , Geetha Ramaian
发明人： Barun Kar , Troy M Sheets , Truman Joe , Bharani Chadalavada , Geetha Ramaian
IPC分类号： G06F15/177
CPC分类号： G06F13/385
摘要： A device comprises a programmable communication interface and a processor. The programmable communication interface communicates data via a set of signals. The processor configures the programmable communication interface to communicate the data in accordance with a programmed override state for at least one of the signals and actual states for the remaining signals. The programmable communication interface may be configured, for example, to programmably treat an overridden signal as asserted or de-asserted regardless of actual voltages present on one or more electrical connectors associated with the overridden signal. As a result, incorrectly wired electrical connectors of the programmable communication interface may be programmably overridden. Consequently, a technician need not manually rewire the programmable communication interface.
摘要翻译：一种设备包括可编程通信接口和处理器。可编程通信接口通过一组信号传送数据。处理器配置可编程通信接口以根据针对剩余信号的信号和实际状态中的至少一个的编程覆盖状态来传送数据。例如，可编程通信接口可以被配置为可以可编程地将覆盖的信号视为被断言或取消断言，而不管存在于与重写信号相关联的一个或多个电连接器上的实际电压。结果，可编程通信接口的不正确连接的电连接器可以被可编程地覆盖。因此，技术人员不需要手动重新连接可编程通信接口。

10. 发明授权

US08578013B2 Donor/borrower incident notification for daemons 有权
标题翻译：捐助者/借款人事件通知守护进程
公开(公告)号：US08578013B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-05
申请号：US13563400
申请日：2012-07-31
申请人： Kaushik Ghosh , Bharani Chadalavada , Vinay Nallamothu
发明人： Kaushik Ghosh , Bharani Chadalavada , Vinay Nallamothu
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , H04W36/00
CPC分类号： H04L61/20 , H04L61/2007
摘要： A device may include a donor to maintain a pool of addresses; a group of borrowers to obtain addresses from the donor; a daemon that has registered an interest in one or more borrowers in the group of borrowers; and a library to maintain first relationships between donors and borrowers that have obtained addresses from the donors, maintain second relationships between daemons and borrowers in which the daemons have registered an interest, receive a notification regarding an incident associated with the donor, identify, in response to the notification, the group of borrowers based on the first relationships, determine that the daemon has registered an interest in the one or more borrowers in the group of borrowers based on the second relationships, and output, to the daemon, a notification regarding the incident associated with the donor.
摘要翻译：设备可以包括维护地址池的供体; 一组借款人从捐赠人处获得地址; 一个对借款人集团中的一个或多个借款人有兴趣的守护进程; 以及一个图书馆，以保持捐助者和借款人之间的第一次关系，这些关系已经从捐助方获得了地址，维护守护进程注册了兴趣的守护进程和借款人之间的第二个关系，收到与捐助者有关的事件的通知，作为回应基于第一关系的借款人组确定守护进程基于第二关系向借款人组中的一个或多个借款人注册了兴趣，并向该守护进程输出有关该借款人的通知与捐赠者有关的事件。

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