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1. 发明授权

US06836351B2 Quantum-confined stark effect quantum-dot optical modulator 有权
标题翻译：量子限制斯塔克效应量子点光调制器
公开(公告)号：US06836351B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-28
申请号：US10283947
申请日：2002-10-30
申请人： Peter Y. Livingston , Steven R. Holm , Elizabeth T. Kunkee
发明人： Peter Y. Livingston , Steven R. Holm , Elizabeth T. Kunkee
IPC分类号： G02B610
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , B82Y10/00 , G02F1/01708 , G02F1/2257 , G02F2001/01791 , G02F2201/126 , H01L29/127
摘要： A quantum-confined Stark effect quantum-dot optical modulator includes an interferometer having a beam splitter, first and second parallel optical branches fed by the beam splitter and a beam combiner fed by the first and second parallel optical branches and a laser for feeding a laser beam to the beam splitter. First and second optical phase shifters are provided in respective ones of the first and second parallel optical branches. Each optical phase shifter includes an intrinsic semiconductor crystalline planar layer and p-type and n-type planar semiconductor layers on opposite faces of the intrinsic semiconductor crystalline planar layer, the intrinsic layer lying in a plane parallel to a direction of propagation of the laser beam in the respective optical branch. The intrinsic layer has plural layers of planar arrays of quantum dots therein. A reverse bias D.C. voltage source is connected across the p-type and n-type layers.
摘要翻译：量子限制的斯塔克效应量子点光调制器包括具有分束器的干涉仪，由分束器馈送的第一和第二平行光学分支和由第一和第二平行光学分支馈送的光束组合器和用于馈送激光器的激光器光束分束器。第一和第二光学移相器设置在第一和第二平行光学分支中的相应的一个中。每个光学移相器包括本征半导体晶体平面层和本征半导体晶体平面层的相对面上的p型和n型平面半导体层，本征层位于与激光束的传播方向平行的平面中在相应的光学分支中。本征层具有多层量子点平面阵列。反向偏压直流电压源跨越p型和n型层连接。

2. 发明授权

US06529674B2 Optical devices employing an optical thresholder 有权
标题翻译：采用光阈值的光学器件
公开(公告)号：US06529674B2
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09998545
申请日：2001-11-29
申请人： Richard A. Fields , Bruce A. Ferguson , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton
发明人： Richard A. Fields , Bruce A. Ferguson , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G02F3/00 , G02F1/3515 , G02F1/3523
摘要： An optical device for use with an optical input beam comprising an optical thresholding device positioned along an optical path defined by the propagation direction of the optical input beam. If the combined intensity of the optical input beam and a control beam exceeds a threshold level, the optical beam passes through the thresholding device. Preferably, the optical thresholding device is a saturable absorber. When the device is configured as an optical comparator, the intensity of the optical input beam exceeds the threshold level and the thresholding device saturates and turns transparent so that the control beam passes through the thresholding device as an optical indicator beam. When the device is configured as an optical signal attenuator and the intensity of the optical input signal is negligible compared to that of the control beam, the combined intensity of the beams does not saturate the thresholding device.
摘要翻译：一种用于光输入光束的光学装置，包括沿着由光输入光束的传播方向限定的光路定位的光阈值设备。如果光输入光束和控制光束的组合强度超过阈值电平，则光束通过阈值设备。优选地，光阈值设备是可饱和吸收器。当设备被配置为光学比较器时，光输入光束的强度超过阈值电平，并且阈值设备饱和并变透明，使得控制光束作为光指示器光束通过阈值设备。当器件被配置为光信号衰减器并且光输入信号的强度与控制光束的强度相比可忽略时，光束的组合强度不会使阈值设备饱和。

3. 发明授权

US06327399B1 Optical devices employing an optical thresholder 有权
标题翻译：采用光阈值的光学器件
公开(公告)号：US06327399B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-04
申请号：US09444977
申请日：1999-11-22
申请人： Richard A. Fields , Bruce A. Ferguson , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton
发明人： Richard A. Fields , Bruce A. Ferguson , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02F3/00 , G02F1/3515 , G02F1/3523
摘要： An optical device for use with an optical input beam comprises and optical thresholding device having a predetermined threshold level, and is positioned along an optical path defined by the propagation direction of the optical input beam. A source generates a control beam through the optical thresholding device, wherein if the combined intensity of the optical input beam and the control beam is large enough to exceed the threshold level of the thresholding device, the optical beam passes through he thresholding device. The thresholding device attenuates the optical beam as it passes therethrough. In a preferred embodiment, the optical thresholding device is a saturable absorber. When the device is configured as an optical comparator, the intensity of the optical input beam is large enough to exceed the threshold level of the thresholding device, the thresholding device saturates and turns transparent so that the control beam passes through the thresholding device as an optical indicator beam and the optical input beam passes through the thresholding device. When configured as an optical signal attenuator and the intensity of the optical input signal is negligible compared to that of the control beam the combined intensity of the optical input signal and the control beam do not saturate the thresholding device.
摘要翻译：用于光输入光束的光学装置包括具有预定阈值电平的光阈值装置，并且沿着由光输入光束的传播方向限定的光路定位。源通过光阈值设备产生控制光束，其中如果光输入光束和控制光束的组合强度足够大以超过阈值设备的阈值电平，则光束通过阈值设备。阈值装置在光束通过时衰减光束。在优选实施例中，光阈值设备是可饱和吸收器。当该设备被配置为光学比较器时，光输入光束的强度足够大以超过阈值设备的阈值电平，阈值设备饱和并变透明，使得控制光束作为光学器件通过阈值设备指示光束和光输入光束通过阈值设备。配置为光信号衰减器时，光输入信号的强度与控制光束的强度相比可忽略不计，光输入信号和控制光束的组合强度不会使阈值设备饱和。

4. 发明授权

US6160504A Repetitive absorptive thresholding optical quantizer 失效
标题翻译：重复吸收阈值光学量化器
公开(公告)号：US6160504A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-12
申请号：US343733
申请日：1999-06-30
申请人： Richard A. Fields , Juan C. Carillo, Jr. , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton , Bruce A. Ferguson
发明人： Richard A. Fields , Juan C. Carillo, Jr. , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton , Bruce A. Ferguson
IPC分类号： G02F7/00 , H03M1/12 , H03M1/38 , H03M1/00
CPC分类号： G02F7/00 , H03M1/1235 , H03M1/38
摘要： An optical quantizer (10) that employs a chain of optical thresholding devices (16) positioned in the propagation path of an optical input beam (12) to be quantized. Each optical thresholding device (16) saturates and turns transparent if the intensity of the optical beam (12) that impinges it is above a predetermined threshold level designed into the device (16). If the input beam (12) saturates the optical thresholding device (16), the device (16) outputs an indicator signal (22) identifying the saturation. The input beam (12) propagates through the optical thresholding device (16) with some attenuation caused by the saturation, and impinges subsequent optical thresholding devices (16) in the chain. Eventually, the attenuation of the input beam (12) caused by the multiple saturations will decrease the beam intensity below the threshold level of the next optical thresholding device (16). The number of indicator signals (22) gives an indication of the intensity of the input beam (12). The optical thresholding devices (16) can provide optical or electrical indicator signals (22) depending on the type of thresholding device (16) used.
摘要翻译：一种光量化器（10），其使用位于要被量化的光输入光束（12）的传播路径中的光阈值设备（16）链。如果撞击它的光束（12）的强度高于设计到设备（16）中的预定阈值水平，则每个光阈值设备（16）饱和并变透明。如果输入光束（12）饱和光学阈值设备（16），则设备（16）输出识别饱和度的指示符信号（22）。输入光束（12）通过光阈值设备（16）以由饱和度引起的一些衰减传播，并且将后续光阈值设备（16）照射在链中。最终，由多个饱和引起的输入光束（12）的衰减将使光束强度降低到下一个光阈值设备（16）的阈值电平以下。指示信号（22）的数量给出了输入光束（12）的强度的指示。光学阈值设备（16）可以根据所使用的阈值设备（16）的类型来提供光学或电子指示符信号（22）。

5. 发明授权

US06933583B2 In-phase RF drive of Mach-Zehnder modulator push-pull electrodes by using coupled quantum well optical active region 有权
标题翻译： Mach-Zehnder调制器推挽电极通过使用耦合量子阱光学有源区域的同相RF驱动
公开(公告)号：US06933583B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-23
申请号：US10411873
申请日：2003-04-10
申请人： Elizabeth T. Kunkee , David V. Forbes , David C. Scott , Timothy A. Vang , Wenshen Wang
发明人： Elizabeth T. Kunkee , David V. Forbes , David C. Scott , Timothy A. Vang , Wenshen Wang
IPC分类号： G02F1/017 , G02F1/225 , G02F1/35
CPC分类号： G02F1/2257 , G02F2201/126
摘要： A coupled quantum well Mach-Zehnder modulator that employs a push-pull structure to reduce the modulation voltage. The Mach-Zehnder modulator includes a first arm having a first PIN semiconductor device and a second arm having a second PIN semiconductor device. The intrinsic layers of the PIN devices include a coupled quantum well structure to provide an opposite index of refraction change for different DC bias voltages. An RF signal used to modulate the light beam is applied to the two arms in phase and causes the index of refraction in the intrinsic layers of the two PIN devices to change in opposite directions so that a push-pull type drive is achieved without requiring 180° out-of-phase RF drive signal.
摘要翻译：耦合量子阱马赫 - 曾德调制器采用推挽结构来降低调制电压。马赫 - 策德尔调制器包括具有第一PIN半导体器件的第一臂和具有第二PIN半导体器件的第二臂。 PIN器件的本征层包括耦合的量子阱结构，以为不同的DC偏置电压提供相反的折射率变化。用于调制光束的RF信号被同时施加到两个臂上，并且使得两个PIN器件的本征层中的折射率在相反方向上改变，使得实现推挽式驱动而不需要180° °异相RF驱动信号。

6. 发明授权

US6160930A Optical sample and hold architecture 失效
标题翻译：光学采样和保持架构
公开(公告)号：US6160930A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-12
申请号：US133036
申请日：1998-08-11
申请人： Bruce A. Ferguson , Richard A. Fields , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton
发明人： Bruce A. Ferguson , Richard A. Fields , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02F7/00 , H03M1/36 , H04B10/02 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H03M1/368 , G02F7/00
摘要： The optical hold unit (100) of the present invention includes an optical modulator (108) that has an electrical input, an optical input, and an optical output. A 1.times.N optical splitter (106) is also provided that has an optical input and N optical outputs. In addition, N optical paths (112) are individually coupled to the N optical outputs and carry one of the N output signals. Each optical path has an associated propagation delay. Optical delay elements may be located in any of the N optical paths that carry the output signals. The optical delay elements serve to lengthen the propagation delay (114a-e) of the optical path (112a-e) in which the optical delay element is located. In an alternative embodiment, the optical hold unit (200) includes an optical modulator (108) that has an electrical input, an optical input, and an optical output. An optical resonator (202) is also provided and connected to the optical output of the modulator (108). The optical resonator (202) also includes a partially transmissive output (222) to which an optical path is connected. The optical resonator (202) may also include a gain medium (208) or an optical switch (210).
摘要翻译：本发明的光学保持单元（100）包括具有电输入，光输入和光输出的光调制器（108）。还提供了具有光输入和N个光输出的1xN光分路器（106）。此外，N个光路（112）分别耦合到N个光输出并传送N个输出信号中的一个。每个光路具有相关联的传播延迟。光延迟元件可以位于承载输出信号的N个光路中的任一个中。光延迟元件用于延长光延迟元件所位于的光路（112a-e）的传播延迟（114a-e）。在替代实施例中，光学保持单元（200）包括具有电输入，光输入和光输出的光调制器（108）。光学谐振器（202）也被提供并连接到调制器（108）的光输出端。光谐振器（202）还包括连接光路的部分透射输出（222）。光谐振器（202）还可以包括增益介质（208）或光开关（210）。

7. 发明授权

US06167172A Tapered amplitude optical absorber for waveguide photodetectors and electro-absorption modulators 有权
标题翻译：用于波导光电探测器和电吸收调制器的锥形振幅光吸收器
公开(公告)号：US06167172A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-26
申请号：US264374
申请日：1999-03-05
申请人： Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Timothy A. Vang
发明人： Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Timothy A. Vang
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/122 , G02B6/24 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/42 , H01L31/105 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H01L31/105 , G02B6/122 , G02B6/243 , G02B6/2813 , G02B6/42 , G02B2006/12126
摘要： An optical waveguide device (30) that limits the peak optical intensity applied to an optical absorbing device (36), such as a photodetector or electro-absorption modulator. The optical waveguide device (30) includes a single mode input waveguide (34) coupled to a multi-mode, waveguide interference coupler (32). A single mode output waveguide (38) collects the light from the interference coupler (32). The absorbing device (36) is defined in the waveguide coupler (32) by a reverse-biased p-i-n diode structure. A voltage potential applied to the diode structure creates an electric field across the waveguide coupler (32) that causes the waveguide coupler (32) to absorb. Light entering the interference coupler (32) from the single mode waveguide (34) expands into other propagation modes that interact to constructively and destructively interfere. Because the light expands in the coupler (32), the amplitude of the light decreases even though the overall power remains substantially the same. When the light recombines as it approaches the output waveguide (38), the amplitude of the light returns to the input amplitude. The absorbing device (36) is defined in the waveguide coupler (32) between the area of interference (24) and the output waveguide (38). The absorption in the absorbing device (36) is exponential; the most light is absorbed at first and then progressively less light along the device.
摘要翻译：限制施加到光吸收装置（36）的峰值光强度的光波导装置（30），例如光电检测器或电吸收调制器。光波导器件（30）包括耦合到多模式波导干涉耦合器（32）的单模输入波导（34）。单模输出波导（38）收集来自干涉耦合器（32）的光。吸收装置（36）通过反向偏置的p-i-n二极管结构限定在波导耦合器（32）中。施加到二极管结构的电压电势在波导耦合器（32）两端产生导致波导耦合器（32）吸收的电场。从单模波导（34）进入干涉耦合器（32）的光扩展到与建设性和破坏性干扰相互作用的其他传播模式。由于光在耦合器（32）中扩展，所以即使总功率保持大致相同，光的幅度也减小。当光在接近输出波导（38）时重新组合，光的幅度返回到输入幅度。吸收装置（36）在干涉区域（24）和输出波导（38）之间的波导耦合器（32）中被限定。吸收装置（36）中的吸收是指数的; 最初的光线首先被吸收，然后沿设备逐渐吸收光线。

8. 发明授权

US6064325A Frequency modulation-based folding optical analog-to-digital converter 失效
标题翻译：基于频率调制的折叠光学模数转换器
公开(公告)号：US6064325A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-16
申请号：US133037
申请日：1998-08-11
申请人： Richard A. Fields , David L. Rollins , Stephen R. Perkins , Eric L. Upton , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Juan C. Carillo, Jr. , Mark Kintis
发明人： Richard A. Fields , David L. Rollins , Stephen R. Perkins , Eric L. Upton , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Juan C. Carillo, Jr. , Mark Kintis
IPC分类号： G02F7/00 , H03M1/00
CPC分类号： G02F7/00
摘要： A frequency modulation-based optical analog-to-digital converter utilizes a downward-folding, successive approximation approach. A series of stages is utilized to generate bits in the digital signal. In each stage, complementary low and high bandpass filters collectively cover a bandpass frequency range from a low frequency to a high frequency. The high frequency filtered signal from the high bandpass filter is observed to obtain a bit in the digital word. By performing the folding operations in the frequency domain, the converter avoids the difficult task of optical power subtraction, relying instead on frequency down-conversions. The high frequency filtered signal passed by the high bandpass filter is then downconverted and added to the low pass filter signal to generate a modulated signal for the next stage.
摘要翻译：基于频率调制的光学模数转换器利用向下折叠的逐次近似方法。利用一系列级来产生数字信号中的位。在每个阶段，互补的低和高带通滤波器共同覆盖从低频到高频的带通频率范围。观察到来自高带通滤波器的高频滤波信号以获得数字字中的位。通过在频域执行折叠操作，转换器避免了光功率减法的困难任务，而是依靠降频转换。然后，由高带通滤波器通过的高频滤波信号被下变频并加到低通滤波器信号中，以生成下一级的调制信号。

9. 发明授权

US06317256B1 Method of gain and noise figure equalization for simultaneous optical splitter/amplifier 失效
标题翻译：同步光分路器/放大器的增益和噪声系数均衡方法
公开(公告)号：US06317256B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-13
申请号：US09504540
申请日：2000-02-15
申请人： Elizabeth T. Kunkee , James E. Leight
发明人： Elizabeth T. Kunkee , James E. Leight
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： H01S5/50 , H01S2301/04
摘要： A method (100) and process (120) for extending the optical bandwidth of an optical signal splitter/amplifier (160) that includes optical amplifier material and an multi-mode interference splitter. A wider bandwidth is obtained by equalizing both the gain and noise figures for the splitter/amplifier (160) as a function of the perfect focus wavelength of the splitter and the amplified spontaneous emission spectra of the gain material. The peak wavelength of the semiconductor optical amplifier material is offset a distance from the perfect focus wavelength so that the net gain of the splitter/amplifier (160) is the semiconductor gain multiplied by the insertion loss of the splitter.
摘要翻译：一种用于扩展包括光放大器材料和多模式干涉分离器的光信号分离器/放大器（160）的光学带宽的方法（100）和过程（120）。通过将分束器/放大器（160）的增益和噪声系数均衡作为分束器的完美聚焦波长和增益材料的放大自发发射光谱的函数来获得更宽的带宽。半导体光放大器材料的峰值波长偏离与完美聚焦波长的距离，使得分路器/放大器（160）的净增益是半导体增益乘以分路器的插入损耗。

10. 发明授权

US06292119B1 Delayed pulse saturable absorber-based downward-folding optical A/D 有权
标题翻译：延迟脉冲可饱和吸收器的向下折叠光学A / D
公开(公告)号：US06292119B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-18
申请号：US09345295
申请日：1999-06-30
申请人： Juan C. Carillo, Jr. , Bruce A. Ferguson , Richard A. Fields , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton
发明人： Juan C. Carillo, Jr. , Bruce A. Ferguson , Richard A. Fields , Mark Kintis , Elizabeth T. Kunkee , Lawrence J. Lembo , Stephen R. Perkins , David L. Rollins , Eric L. Upton
IPC分类号： H03M100
CPC分类号： G02F7/00
摘要： An optical analog-to-digital converter (10) that makes use of a downward-folding successive approximation conversion scheme that employs subtraction of optical signals. A pulsed optical signal (20) to be converted is applied as an input to each of a plurality of converter channels (12, 14, 16, 18), where each channel (12, 14, 16, 18) outputs one of the bits of the digital output of the converter (10). The input signal (20) to each channel (12, 14, 16, 18) is sent to a thresholding device (24, 40, 60, 80) that determines whether the intensity of the signal is greater than or less than a predetermined threshold value. The first channel thresholding device (24) compares the input signal (20) to a threshold value that is one-half of a known maximum intensity. Subsequent channel thresholding devices (40, 60, 80) compare the input signal to a threshold value that is one-half of the intensity used in the previous channel in a downward-folding scheme. If the intensity of the input signal (20) is greater than the threshold value in a particular channel (12, 14, 16, 18), then that threshold value is subtracted from the input signal (20) in each of the successive channels before being applied to the thresholding device (40, 60, 80) in that channel (14, 16, 18). The subtraction elements (38, 56, 58, 74, 76, 78) can be saturable absorbers or electro-absorption modules in a particular design. Additionally, the control signals from a particular channel (12, 14, 16, 18) to each of the successive channels to determine whether subtraction will occur can be provided by an optically controlled switch (30, 46, 66), such as a saturable absorber, or an electrically controlled switch, such as an electro-absorption module.
摘要翻译：一种光学模数转换器（10），其使用采用减法光信号的向下折叠逐次逼近转换方案。将要转换的脉冲光信号（20）作为输入施加到多个转换器通道（12,14,16,18）中的每一个，其中每个通道（12,14,16,18）输出其中一个位的转换器（10）的数字输出。每个通道（12,14,16,18）的输入信号（20）被发送到阈值设备（24,40,60,80），其确定信号的强度是否大于或小于预定阈值值。第一信道阈值设备（24）将输入信号（20）与已知最大强度的二分之一的阈值进行比较。随后的信道阈值设备（40,60,80）将输入信号与向下折叠方案中先前信道中使用的强度的一半的阈值进行比较。如果输入信号（20）的强度大于特定通道（12,14,16,18）中的阈值，则在每个连续通道中的输入信号（20）中减去该阈值，之后被施加到该通道（14,16,18）中的阈值设备（40,60,80）。减法元件（38,56,58,74,76,78）可以是特定设计中的可饱和吸收器或电吸收模块。另外，来自特定通道（12,14,16,18）到每个连续通道的控制信号可以由光控开关（30,46,66）提供，以确定是否发生减法，例如可饱和的吸收器或电控开关，例如电吸收模块。

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