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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method for forming electromigration-resistant structures by doping
    • 通过掺杂形成电迁移结构的方法
    • US06268291B1
    • 2001-07-31
    • US09204185
    • 1998-12-03
    • Panayotis Constantinou AndricacosCyril Cabral, Jr.Christopher Carr ParksKenneth Parker RodbellRoger Yen-Luen Tsai
    • Panayotis Constantinou AndricacosCyril Cabral, Jr.Christopher Carr ParksKenneth Parker RodbellRoger Yen-Luen Tsai
    • H01L2100
    • H01L21/2885H01L21/76843H01L21/76855H01L21/76858H01L21/76859H01L21/76864H01L21/76873H01L21/76877H01L21/76883H01L21/76886H01L23/53233H01L23/53238H01L2924/00013H01L2924/0002H01L2224/29099H01L2924/00
    • A method for forming a copper conductor in an electronic structure by first depositing a copper composition in a receptacle formed in the electronic structure, and then adding impurities into the copper composition such that its electromigration resistance is improved is disclosed. In the method, the copper composition can be deposited by a variety of techniques such as electroplating, physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition. The impurities which can be implanted include those of C, O, Cl, S and N at a suitable concentration range between about 0.01 ppm by weight and about 1000 ppm by weight. The impurities can be added by three different methods. In the first method, a copper seed layer is first deposited into a receptacle and an ion implantation process is carried out on the seed layer, which is followed by electroplating copper into the receptacle. In the second method, a copper seed layer is first deposited into a receptacle, a copper composition containing impurities is then electrodeposited into the receptacle and the electronic structure is annealed so that impurities diffuse into the copper seed layer. In the third method, a barrier layer is first deposited into a receptacle, dopant ions are then implanted into the barrier layer with a copper seed layer subsequently deposited on top of the barrier layer. An annealing process for the electronic structure is then carried out such that dopant ions diffuse into the copper seed layer. The present invention method may further include the step of ion-implanting at least one element into a surface layer of the copper conductor after the conductor is first planarized. The surface layer may have a thickness between about 30 Å and about 500 Å. At least one element may be selected from Co, Al, Sn, In, Ti and Cr.
    • 本发明公开了一种在电子结构中形成铜导体的方法,该方法是先将铜组合物沉积在形成于电子结构中的容器中,然后向铜组合物中添加杂质使其电迁移阻力得到改善。 在该方法中,铜组合物可以通过各种技术沉积,例如电镀,物理气相沉积和化学气相沉积。 可植入的杂质包括C,O,Cl,S和N的杂质,其浓度范围为约0.01ppm至约1000ppm。 可以通过三种不同的方法加入杂质。 在第一种方法中,首先将铜种子层沉积到容器中,并在种子层上进行离子注入工艺,然后将铜电镀到容器中。 在第二种方法中,首先将铜种子层沉积到容器中,然后将含有杂质的铜组合物电沉积到容器中,并且将电子结构退火,使得杂质扩散到铜籽晶层中。 在第三种方法中,首先将阻挡层沉积到容器中,然后将掺杂剂离子注入到阻挡层中,随后将铜籽晶层沉积在阻挡层的顶部上。 然后进行电子结构的退火处理,使得掺杂剂离子扩散到铜籽晶层中。 本发明的方法还可以包括在导体首先平坦化之后将至少一种元素离子注入到铜导体的表面层中的步骤。 表面层可以具有在约和之间的厚度。 至少一种元素可以选自Co,Al,Sn,In,Ti和Cr。