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1. 发明授权

US5305073A Methods and apparatus for molecular characterization 失效
标题翻译：分子表征的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5305073A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-19
申请号：US834415
申请日：1992-02-12
申请人： Norman C. Ford, Jr.
发明人： Norman C. Ford, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01N21/21 , G01N21/03 , G01N21/47 , G01N21/49 , G01N21/53 , G01N30/74 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01N21/49 , G01N2021/0346 , G01N2021/0392 , G01N2021/4711 , G01N2021/4728 , G01N21/53 , G01N2201/064 , G01N2201/0642
摘要： A molecular characterization detector includes a scattering cell containing a sample for molecular characterization, a light source for directing a light beam through the cell so that the light beam is scattered by the sample, optical elements for selecting from the scattered light a measurement beam comprising light that is scattered by the sample from a predetermined portion of the cell in a predetermined range of angles relative to the optical axis, and a detector for detecting the measurement beam and providing an output electrical signal representative of the measurement beam. The detector typically selects light scattered from a central portion of the scattering cell at angles in the range of 14.degree. to 16.degree.. A single spherical lens is preferably utilized. As a result, interference from stray scattered light is minimized. A beam dump attenuates the light beam after it passes through the scattering cell. Additional detectors detect light scattered at 90.degree. to the light beam. The outputs of the detectors are processed to provide molecular characterization of the sample.
摘要翻译：分子表征检测器包括含有用于分子表征的样品的散射单元，用于引导光束通过单元的光源，使得光束被样品散射，用于从散射光中选择的光学元件包括光的测量光其被来自单元的预定部分的样本以相对于光轴的预定角度范围散射;以及检测器，用于检测测量光束并提供表示测量光束的输出电信号。检测器通常以14度至16度的范围内的角度选择从散射单元的中心部分散射的光。优选使用单个球面透镜。结果，来自杂散散射光的干扰被最小化。光束转移器在通过散射单元之后会衰减光束。附加的检测器检测光束以90度散射的光。处理检测器的输出以提供样品的分子表征。

2. 发明授权

US5701176A High temperature light scattering measurement device comprising a rigid extension tube 失效
标题翻译：高温光散射测量装置包括刚性延伸管
公开(公告)号：US5701176A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-23
申请号：US508592
申请日：1995-07-28
申请人： Robert E. Dion , Norman C. Ford, Jr.
发明人： Robert E. Dion , Norman C. Ford, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01N21/03 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01N21/0332
摘要： A high temperature light scattering measurement device for characterizing certain physical properties of molecules is described. In one embodiment the device includes a sample scattering chamber having at least one detector positioned about the chamber so as to collect light scattered by the molecules to be characterized located within the sample chamber. The sample scattering chamber, detectors and associated optics are located within an oven to maintain the scattering chamber at an elevated temperature. Light to be scattered by molecules in the sample scattering chamber is provided by a laser located outside the oven. Light from the laser is directed along an optical path through the oven wall where it is then focussed by optical elements on the sample chamber.
摘要翻译：描述了用于表征分子的某些物理性质的高温光散射测量装置。在一个实施例中，该装置包括具有至少一个检测器的样品散射室，该检测器围绕该室定位，以收集被待分析的分子散射的光，其位于样品室内。样品散射室，检测器和相关光学器件位于炉内以将散射室保持在升高的温度。由样品散射室内的分子散射的光由位于炉外的激光器提供。来自激光器的光沿着光路被引导通过烘箱壁，然后其被样品室上的光学元件聚焦。

3. 发明授权

US4571081A Light scattering apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：光散射装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US4571081A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-18
申请号：US415581
申请日：1982-09-07
申请人： Norman C. Ford, Jr.
发明人： Norman C. Ford, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01J3/44 , G01N15/02 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01J3/4412 , G01N15/0211 , G01N2015/0216
摘要： A light scattering interfacial tension spectrometer has a laser source of light directed, as an incident beam I.sub.i, through a focusing lens and a diffraction grating. The grating divides the incident beam I.sub.i into a main beam I.sub.m, undiffracted light, and a higher order, diffracted light, reference beam I.sub.r. The beam I.sub.r is passed through an attenuator and a diffraction focusing lens to a region under test, such as a liquid surface. The main beam I.sub.m, from the grating is transmitted through the common diffraction focusing lens to the test region where it is reflected. The reference beam I.sub.r is reflected from the test surface together with scattered light I.sub.s, and directed through an aperture to a photomultipler tube. The output of the photomultiplier is coupled to a pulse amplifier-discriminator and a photon correlator. For a liquid surface under test the output of the spectrometer provides a measure of the surface tension and the viscosity of the liquid.
摘要翻译：光散射界面张力光谱仪具有通过聚焦透镜和衍射光栅作为入射光束Ii的激光源。光栅将入射光束Ii分为主光束Im，未衍射光和高阶衍射光，参考光束Ir。光束Ir通过衰减器和衍射聚焦透镜到被测区域，例如液体表面。来自光栅的主光束Im通过公共衍射聚焦透镜传输到被反射的测试区域。参考光束Ir与散射光Is一起从测试表面反射，并通过光圈被引导到光电倍增管。光电倍增管的输出耦合到脉冲放大器鉴别器和光子相关器。对于被测试的液体表面，光谱仪的输出提供了表面张力和液体粘度的量度。

4. 发明授权

US4648715A Electrophoretic light scattering with plural reference beams, apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：具有多个参考光束的电泳光散射，装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4648715A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-10
申请号：US592829
申请日：1984-03-23
申请人： Norman C. Ford, Jr. , Bennie R. Ware
发明人： Norman C. Ford, Jr. , Bennie R. Ware
IPC分类号： G01N21/17 , G01J3/44 , G01N15/02 , G01N21/49 , G01N21/64 , G01N27/26 , G01N27/447 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/4412 , G01J3/4406 , G01N27/44721 , G01N15/0211 , G01N2015/0216
摘要： Multichannel electrophoresis apparatus employing electrophoretic light scattering as a means for characterizing the particles under study. The apparatus is characterized by the ability to measure light scattered simultaneously using a plurality of local oscillators incident at different angles from the same population of particles being subjected to electrophoresis. The apparatus is used with data processing means to analyze the large amount of scattering data which provide information on electrophoretic mobility, particle size, particle charge, electrophoretic mobility, zeta potential. An important aspect of the new apparatus is a markedly improved capability to segregate data related to diffusion effects from data relating to heterogeneous effects.
摘要翻译：使用电泳光散射的多通道电泳装置作为研究中的颗粒的表征手段。该装置的特征在于能够测量同时使用多个局部振荡器进行散射的能力，这些本地振荡器以与经受电泳的相同颗粒群不同的角度入射。该装置与数据处理装置一起使用以分析提供关于电泳迁移率，粒度，粒子电荷，电泳迁移率，ζ电位的信息的大量散射数据。新设备的一个重要方面是显着提高了与异质效应相关的数据分离与扩散效应有关的数据的能力。

5. 发明授权

US4350163A Method and apparatus for analyzing contaminants in aqueous humor 失效
标题翻译：用于分析房水中污染物的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4350163A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-21
申请号：US154432
申请日：1980-05-29
申请人： Norman C. Ford, Jr. , David K. Dueker
发明人： Norman C. Ford, Jr. , David K. Dueker
IPC分类号： A61B3/00 , A61B3/117 , A61B3/12 , A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B3/10 , A61B3/117
摘要： Method and apparatus are disclosed for measuring contaminants in aqueous humor without rupturing an examined eye. The apparatus includes a laser which projects a light beam through a gonioscopic lens into the aqueous humor of the examined eye. The light is scattered in the humor with a portion of the scattered light being reflected by the gonioscopic lens to an analyzing system. The system measures the diffusion constant of any contaminant in the aqueous humor and, by comparing the diffusion constant to a set of known diffusion constants, determines the composition of the macromolecules or the cells of the contaminant.
摘要翻译：公开了用于测量房水中的污染物而不破裂检查眼睛的方法和装置。该装置包括将光束通过前镜镜片投射到被检眼睛的房水中的激光器。光被散射在幽默中，一部分散射光被角镜镜片反射到分析系统。该系统测量房水中任何污染物的扩散常数，并且通过将扩散常数与一组已知扩散常数进行比较来确定大分子或污染物的细胞的组成。

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