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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Watermarking scheme for image authentication
    • 图像认证的水印方案
    • US06285775B1
    • 2001-09-04
    • US09164474
    • 1998-10-01
    • Min WuBede Liu
    • Min WuBede Liu
    • G06K900
    • G06T1/0042G06T2201/0052
    • A digital watermarking process whereby an invisible watermark inserted into a host image is utilized to determine whether or not the image has been altered and, if so, where in the image such alteration occurred. The watermarking method includes the steps of providing a look-up table containing a plurality of coefficients and corresponding values; transforming the image into a plurality of blocks, wherein each block contains coefficients matching coefficients in the look-up table; and embedding the watermark in the image by performing the following substeps for at least some of the blocks: First, a coefficient is selected for insertion of a marking value representative of a corresponding portion of the watermark. Next, the value of the selected coefficient to used to identify a corresponding value in the look-up table. Finally, the identified coefficient is left unchanged if the corresponding value is the same as the marking value, and is changed if the corresponding value is different from the marking value. After the insertion of the watermark, the image may be stored in a lossy-compression form, thus permitting efficient storage and distribution. Moreover, the method may be used to produce two output signals for authentication: (1) a meaningful pattern to facilitate a quick visual check, and (2) an additional signal to detect unauthorized alteration. The method can be applied to an image compressed using JPEG or other techniques, such as Wavelet compression, and the marked image can be kept in the compressed format. Any alteration made on the marked image can be localized, making the method suitable for use in a “trustworthy” digital camera or camcorder.
    • 使用数字水印处理,由此使用插入到主机图像中的不可见水印来确定图像是否已被改变,如果是,则在图像中发生这种改变。 该水印方法包括以下步骤:提供包含多个系数和对应值的查找表; 将图像变换成多个块,其中每个块包含在查找表中匹配系数的系数; 以及通过对于至少一些块执行以下子步骤来将图像嵌入图像中:首先,选择用于插入表示水印的相应部分的标记值的系数。 接下来,选择的系数的值用于识别查找表中的相应值。 最后,如果相应的值与标记值相同,则识别的系数保持不变,如果相应值与标记值不同,则该变化将被改变。 在插入水印之后,可以以有损压缩形式存储图像,从而允许有效的存储和分发。 此外,该方法可以用于产生用于认证的两个输出信号:(1)有意义的模式以便于快速视觉检查,以及(2)附加信号以检测未经授权的改变。 该方法可以应用于使用JPEG或其他技术(例如小波压缩)压缩的图像,并且标记的图像可以保持为压缩格式。 对标记图像进行的任何更改均可进行本地化,使该方法适用于“值得信赖”的数码相机或摄像机。