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1. 发明授权

US07716322B2 Automatic exploration and testing of dynamic Web sites 有权
标题翻译：自动探索和测试动态网站
公开(公告)号：US07716322B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US10252210
申请日：2002-09-23
申请人： Michael Abraham Benedikt , Juliana Freire Silva , Patrice Ismael Godefroid , Avinash Vyas
发明人： Michael Abraham Benedikt , Juliana Freire Silva , Patrice Ismael Godefroid , Avinash Vyas
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F15/16 , G06F17/00 , G06F17/27
CPC分类号： G06F17/30864
摘要： A unique tool, i.e., “VeriWeb”, is employed to automatically discover and systematically explore Web-site execution paths that can be followed by a user in a Web application. Unlike traditional spiders (or crawlers) that are limited to the exploration of static links, VeriWeb can navigate automatically through dynamic components of Web sites, including form submissions and execution of client-side scripts. Whenever examining a new Web page, the system determines all possible actions a user might perform—be it a link, via a button with a JavaScript handler, or via form submission—and can execute them in a systematic way. In order to systematically test different paths in a Web site, VeriWeb addresses two critical problems: systematic Web site exploration and automatically filling out forms.
摘要翻译：采用独特的工具，即“VeriWeb”来自动发现和系统地探索Web应用程序中用户可以遵循的网站执行路径。不同于仅限于探索静态链接的传统蜘蛛（或爬虫），VeriWeb可以通过Web站点的动态组件自动导航，包括表单提交和客户端脚本的执行。每当检查新的网页时，系统将确定用户可能执行的所有可能的操作 - 无论是链接，通过JavaScript处理程序的按钮，还是通过表单提交，并且可以以系统的方式执行它们。为了系统地测试网站中的不同路径，VeriWeb解决了两个关键问题：系统的网站探索和自动填写表单。

2. 发明授权

US06697840B1 Presence awareness in collaborative systems 有权
标题翻译：协作系统中的存在意识
公开(公告)号：US06697840B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US09515737
申请日：2000-02-29
申请人： Patrice Ismael Godefroid , James David Herbsleb , Lalita Jategaonkar Jagadeesan , Du Li
发明人： Patrice Ismael Godefroid , James David Herbsleb , Lalita Jategaonkar Jagadeesan , Du Li
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： H04L67/24 , H04L29/06
摘要： Presence awareness initiatives are implemented in a collaborative system that enables a user to set presence awareness policies, and that provides a reasonably high assurance that the system will correctly implement those policies. Specifically, the collaborative presence awareness system is such as to enable users to specify complex presence awareness policies. The presence awareness system is also such as to have been verified by employing systematic state-space exploration tools to establish a high level of assurance that the presence awareness system has the capability to implement correctly, substantially all possible presence awareness policies. Further, in accordance with another aspect of the invention, the presence awareness policy specifications are modular relative to the rest of the presence awareness system, and can be modified without having to modify computational modules or user interface program code of the presence awareness system. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a user has the capability to update his or her presence information. In accordance with still another aspect of the invention, the system automatically collects presence information about the user and automatically updates his or her presence information. In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, the presence awareness system may use specification-based testing at run-time to monitor whether some users' presence awareness policies have inadvertently been violated, further strengthening the reliability of the system.
摘要翻译：在一个协作系统中实现了存在感知举措，使用户能够设置在线状态感知策略，并提供了相当高的保证，系统将正确地实施这些策略。具体来说，协作存在感知系统使得用户能够指定复杂的存在感知策略。存在感知系统也可以通过采用系统的状态空间探索工具进行验证，以建立高水平的保证，即存在感知系统具有正确实施，基本上所有可能的存在意识策略的能力。此外，根据本发明的另一方面，存在感知策略规范相对于其余的存在感知系统是模块化的，并且可以被修改而不必修改存在感知系统的计算模块或用户界面程序代码。根据本发明的另一方面，用户具有更新他或她的存在信息的能力。根据本发明的另一方面，系统自动收集关于用户的存在信息并自动更新他或她的存在信息。根据本发明的另一方面，存在感知系统可以在运行时使用基于规范的测试来监视某些用户的存在感知策略是否被无意中被违反，进一步加强了系统的可靠性。

3. 发明授权

US06178394B1 Protocol checking for concurrent systems 失效
标题翻译：并发系统的协议检查
公开(公告)号：US06178394B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-23
申请号：US08762564
申请日：1996-12-09
申请人： Patrice Ismael Godefroid
发明人： Patrice Ismael Godefroid
IPC分类号： G05B19045
CPC分类号： G06F9/44589 , G06F9/4843
摘要： A verification of the protocol between the various communicating elements of a concurrent system may be performed directly using the actual code that implements the element when it is actually operating. This is achieved by combining stateless search techniques with partial order methods, namely, persistent set and sleep set methods. In particular, the code of each element of a system is exercised by a scheduler in such a way that global states of the system are visited according to a stateless search, which is a search that does not use an explicit representation of the global states. A global state is a state in which the next operation to be executed by every element of the system is a visible operation. The set of visible operations includes at least those operations related to communication between the elements. The global states are visited using an intelligent state space exploration technique so that only a selected subset of all the global states are visited while ensuring that those global states that are not visited need not be visited to verify the existence or absence of selected problems that might exist in the protocol. Such selected properties can include the existence of 1) deadlocks, 2) assertion violations, 3) divergences, and 4) livelocks. Advantageously, complex protocols in systems having many elements may be efficiently verified, while using prior art comprehensive search techniques could not verify even a simplistic toy protocol within a reasonable amount of time.
摘要翻译：可以使用实际执行元件的实际代码直接执行并发系统的各种通信元件之间的协议的验证。这是通过将无状态搜索技术与部分顺序方法（即持久集合和睡眠集方法）相结合来实现的。特别地，系统的每个元件的代码由调度器以这样一种方式来执行，即根据无状态搜索来访问系统的全局状态，无状态搜索是不使用全局状态的显式表示的搜索。全局状态是由系统的每个元素执行的下一个操作是可见操作的状态。该组可见操作至少包括那些与元件之间的通信有关的操作。使用智能状态空间探索技术访问全局状态，以便仅访问所有全局状态的所选子集，同时确保不访问的那些全局状态不需要访问，以验证是否存在可能的所选问题存在于协议中。这种选择的属性可以包括存在1）死锁，2）断言违规，3）差异，以及4）活动锁。有利地，可以有效地验证具有许多元素的系统中的复杂协议，而使用现有技术的综合搜索技术甚至在合理的时间内甚至无法验证简单的玩具协议。

4. 发明授权

US06708328B1 Employment of value of unknown in portion of partial state space for analysis of part of system 有权
标题翻译：在部分状态空间部分中使用未知数值来分析系统的一部分
公开(公告)号：US06708328B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-16
申请号：US09465578
申请日：1999-12-17
申请人： Glenn R. Bruns , Patrice Ismael Godefroid
发明人： Glenn R. Bruns , Patrice Ismael Godefroid
IPC分类号： G06F944
CPC分类号： G06F17/504
摘要： A first system for analysis of a portion of a partial state space includes a representation component and an analysis component. The portion of the partial state space is related to a part of a second system. The representation component of the first system employs a value in the portion of the partial state space to represent that information for the part of the second system is unknown. The analysis component of the first system employs the value in the portion of the partial state space to analyze, in response to an analysis question that is related to the part of the second system, the portion of the partial state space.
摘要翻译：用于分析部分状态空间的一部分的第一系统包括表示组件和分析组件。部分状态空间的一部分与第二系统的一部分有关。第一系统的表示组件在部分状态空间的部分中使用值来表示第二系统的部分的信息是未知的。第一系统的分析组件采用部分状态空间的部分中的值来响应于与第二系统的一部分相关的分析问题来分析部分状态空间的部分。

5. 发明授权

US6102968A Method for automatically closing open reactive systems 失效
标题翻译：自动关闭开放反应系统的方法
公开(公告)号：US6102968A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US83069
申请日：1998-05-21
申请人： Christopher Colby , Patrice Ismael Godefroid , Lalita Jategaonkar Jagadeesan
发明人： Christopher Colby , Patrice Ismael Godefroid , Lalita Jategaonkar Jagadeesan
IPC分类号： G06F11/28 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/433
摘要： A unique process, i.e., method, is employed to automatically close an open reactive system. This is realized by employing a unique analysis technique to automatically close the open system by eliminating its interface to its environment. This allows the open system being analyzed to be comprised of either a single sequential process or a set of concurrent processes. The effect of closing the system is to make it executable and amenable to analysis. This is because the resulting closed system simulates the behavior of the original open system in its most general environment. Specifically, this is realized by employing a unique method that transforms an open system into a closed nondeterministic system such that all data values in the open system and its environment that may depend on the behavior of the environment are eliminated in the resulting closed system, and all control-flow choices in the open system and its environment that may depend on these data values are replaced by nondeterministic choices in the closed system. The reactive behavior of the open system and its environment and the resulting closed system, as well as their effect on data values that do not depend on the open system environment, are closely related. For example, every execution of the open system and its environment corresponds to an execution of the resulting closed system that exhibits the same sequence of visible operations and that preserves all data values that do not depend on the open system environment. All deadlocks and all assertion violations in a transition system of the open system and its environment that evaluate only expressions each of whose value does not depend on the open system environment are preserved in a new closed system transition system.
摘要翻译：采用独特的方法，即方法来自动关闭开放反应系统。这是通过采用独特的分析技术来实现的，通过消除其与环境的接口来自动关闭开放系统。这允许被分析的开放系统由单个顺序过程或一组并发过程组成。关闭系统的效果是使其可执行并易于分析。这是因为最终的封闭系统模拟了原始开放系统在最普遍的环境中的行为。具体来说，这是通过采用将开放系统转换成封闭的非确定性系统的独特方法实现的，使得在所产生的封闭系统中消除可能依赖于环境行为的开放系统及其环境中的所有数据值，以及开放系统及其环境中可能依赖于这些数据值的所有控制流选择被封闭系统中的非确定性选择所取代。开放系统及其环境的反应行为以及所产生的封闭系统以及它们对不依赖于开放系统环境的数据值的影响是密切相关的。例如，开放系统及其环境的每次执行都对应于所产生的封闭系统的执行，该系统具有相同的可见操作序列，并且保留不依赖于开放系统环境的所有数据值。开放系统及其环境的转换系统中的所有死锁和所有断言违规只能评估每个值不依赖于开放系统环境的表达式，这些表达式保留在新的封闭系统转换系统中。

6. 发明授权

US5937181A Simulation of a process of a concurrent system 失效
标题翻译：模拟并发系统的过程
公开(公告)号：US5937181A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US831276
申请日：1997-03-31
申请人： Patrice Ismael Godefroid , Bernard Armand Boigelot
发明人： Patrice Ismael Godefroid , Bernard Armand Boigelot
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F11/34 , G06F9/22 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F17/504 , G06F8/73 , G06F11/3457
摘要： The simulation of sequences of the visible operations of a process in a concurrent system is performed by synthesizing the finite-state machine for the process from a projected tree. The synthesis procedure includes a parameter that can be adjusted to obtain machines that represent the desired behavior with varying degrees of approximation. An "on-the-fly" version of the invention provides intermediate results while the state space of the system continues to be explored. The finite-state machines may be abstracted to reduce the magnitude of visible operations to be considered to a more manageable level.
摘要翻译：通过从投影树合成处理的有限状态机来执行并发系统中的进程的可见操作的序列的模拟。合成过程包括可以调整以获得表示具有不同程度近似的期望行为的机器的参数。本发明的“即时”版本提供中间结果，同时系统的状态空间继续被探索。有限状态机可以被抽象以减少可视操作的大小以被认为更易于管理的级别。

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