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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Reverse-byte indexing
    • 反向字节索引
    • US5956705A
    • 1999-09-21
    • US741076
    • 1996-10-30
    • Larry StevensWei HuangAlexander C. HoJonathan D. KleinDinesh DasBoris Klots
    • Larry StevensWei HuangAlexander C. HoJonathan D. KleinDinesh DasBoris Klots
    • G06F17/30G06F12/30
    • G06F17/30327Y10S707/99932
    • A method and apparatus for inserting sorted data into an indexed table is provided. Two or more nodes are used to insert the data into the indexed table. Before an entry for each inserted row is stored in the index associated with the table, the key values in the index entry are transformed using an operation that affects the order of the key values. For example, the order of the bytes used to represent the key values in the index entry may be reversed. The index entries are stored in the portion of the index that corresponds to the transformed key values. As a result, the entries for consecutive key values will not necessarily be stored in the same portion of the index. Consequently, the nodes will not have to compete for a "hot" portion of an index if the nodes are inserting data with key values that fall into the same approximate range. The inverse of the transformation operation is performed on the transformed key values read from the index before the key values are supplied to the user.
    • 提供了一种将排序数据插入到索引表中的方法和装置。 使用两个或多个节点将数据插入到索引表中。 在每个插入行的条目存储在与表相关联的索引中之前,索引条目中的键值将使用影响键值顺序的操作进行转换。 例如,用于表示索引条目中的键值的字节的顺序可以颠倒。 索引条目存储在与转换的键值对应的索引部分中。 因此,连续键值的条目不一定存储在索引的相同部分。 因此,如果节点插入具有落入相同近似范围的键值的数据,则节点将不必竞争索引的“热”部分。 在将键值提供给用户之前,对从索引读取的变换的键值执行变换操作的逆。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for incremental undo
    • 增量撤销的方法和装置
    • US06185577B2
    • 2001-02-06
    • US09103515
    • 1998-06-23
    • Bhagat NainaniGary C. NgaiWei HuangJonathan D. KleinRoger J. Bamford
    • Bhagat NainaniGary C. NgaiWei HuangJonathan D. KleinRoger J. Bamford
    • G06F1200
    • G06F17/30368G06F11/1471G06F11/1474G06F17/30377Y10S707/99952Y10S707/99953
    • A method and apparatus for incremental undo is provided. A process, executing in a database system, establishes a rollback entry in an undo log file as a current rollback entry. The rollback entry, which was selected from a set of rollback entries contained in an undo record, contains data that indicates a change made by a transaction to a data block in the database system. The process first determines whether the rollback entry has been applied by testing a status flag. In one embodiment, the status flag is a bit in a bit vector in the undo block. If the rollback entry has been applied to the database, then the rollback entry is not re-applied; rather, a next rollback entry is established from the set of rollback entries and the process repeats. If the rollback entry has not been applied, then undo information from the rollback entry is retrieved from the undo block and change is generated. The status flag is set to indicate that the rollback entry has been applied and a next rollback entry corresponding to the data block is retrieved. The process repeats until there are no more rollback entries to be performed, then the multiple changes are applied to disk in a single atomic operation.
    • 提供了一种用于增量撤销的方法和装置。 在数据库系统中执行的进程在undo log文件中建立回滚条目作为当前回滚条目。 从包含在撤消记录中的一组回滚条目中选择的回滚条目包含指示事务对数据库系统中的数据块所做的更改的数据。 该过程首先通过测试状态标志确定是否应用了回滚条目。 在一个实施例中,状态标志是撤销块中位向量中的位。 如果回滚条目已应用于数据库,则不会重新应用回滚条目; 相反,从回滚条目集合和过程重复建立下一个回滚条目。 如果没有应用回滚条目,则从undo块中检索到回滚条目中的undo信息,并生成更改。 状态标志被设置为指示回滚条目已被应用,并且检索与数据块相对应的下一个回滚条目。 该过程重复,直到没有更多的回滚条目被执行,然后在单个原子操作中将多个更改应用于磁盘。