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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for diagnosing fault in semiconductor device
    • 用于诊断半导体器件故障的方法和装置
    • US07173447B2
    • 2007-02-06
    • US11038485
    • 2005-01-21
    • Masatsugu YamashitaKodo KawaseMasayoshi TonouchiToshihiro KiwaKiyoshi Nikawa
    • Masatsugu YamashitaKodo KawaseMasayoshi TonouchiToshihiro KiwaKiyoshi Nikawa
    • G01R31/26
    • G01R31/311
    • An apparatus for diagnosing a fault in a semiconductor device includes an laser applying unit, a detection/conversion unit, and a fault diagnosis unit. The semiconductor device is held at a state where no bias voltage is applied thereto. The laser applying unit then applies a pulse laser beam having a predetermined wavelength to the semiconductor device so as to two-dimensionally scan the semiconductor device with the pulse laser beam. The detection/conversion unit detects an electromagnetic wave generated from a laser applied position in the semiconductor device, and converts the detected electromagnetic wave into a time-varying voltage signal that corresponds to a time-varying amplitude of an electric field of the electromagnetic wave. The fault diagnosis unit derives an electric field distribution in the semiconductor device on the basis of the time-varying voltage signal to perform fault diagnosis on the semiconductor device.
    • 用于诊断半导体器件中的故障的装置包括激光施加单元,检测/转换单元和故障诊断单元。 半导体器件保持在不施加偏置电压的状态。 激光施加单元然后将具有预定波长的脉冲激光束施加到半导体器件,以便用脉冲激光束对半导体器件进行二维扫描。 检测/转换单元检测从半导体器件中的激光施加位置产生的电磁波,并将检测到的电磁波转换成对应于电磁波的电场的时变幅度的时变电压信号。 故障诊断单元根据时变电压信号,在半导体装置中导出电场分布,对半导体装置进行故障诊断。
    • 3. 发明申请
    • FAILURE ANALYSIS METHOD AND FAILURE ANALYSIS APPARATUS
    • 故障分析方法和故障分析设备
    • US20090002000A1
    • 2009-01-01
    • US12164437
    • 2008-06-30
    • Kiyoshi Nikawa
    • Kiyoshi Nikawa
    • G01R31/311
    • G01R31/311G01R31/315
    • Failure analysis method includes performing fixed radiation of semiconductor chip (wafer) by photocurrent generation laser beam, scanning and radiating a region to be observed on semiconductor chip by heating laser beam, detecting, by a SQUID fluxmeter, current change generated in the semiconductor chip by radiating the photocurrent generation laser beam and the heating laser beam, and analyzing failure of the semiconductor chip based on current change detected by the SQUID fluxmeter. Radiation of photocurrent generation laser beam and heating laser beam are performed from a back surface side of the LSI chip, and detection by the SQUID fluxmeter is performed on a front surface side of the LSI chip. In analysis of failure of the LSI chip, image processing is performed in which a signal outputted from the SQUID fluxmeter is made to correspond to a scanning point. Visualization of defects is possible.
    • 故障分析方法包括通过光电流产生激光进行半导体芯片(晶片)的固定辐射,通过加热激光束扫描和照射半导体芯片上要观察的区域,通过SQUID磁通计检测在半导体芯片中产生的电流变化 照射光电流产生激光束和加热激光束,并且基于由SQUID通量计检测到的电流变化来分析半导体芯片的故障。 从LSI芯片的背面进行光电流产生激光束和加热激光的照射,在LSI芯片的正面侧进行SQUID磁通计的检测。 在对LSI芯片的故障进行分析时,执行从SQUID磁通计输出的信号对应于扫描点的图像处理。 缺陷的可视化是可能的。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Device and method for nondestructive inspection on semiconductor device
    • US06610918B2
    • 2003-08-26
    • US10095858
    • 2002-03-12
    • Kiyoshi Nikawa
    • Kiyoshi Nikawa
    • H01L3528
    • G01R31/311
    • A nondestructive inspection device (or method) is basically configured such that a laser beam (1300 nm) is irradiated on a surface (or back) of a semiconductor device chip to scan. Due to irradiation of the laser beam, a defect position is heated to cause a thermoelectromotive current, which induces a magnetic field. A magnetic field detector such as SQUID detects a strength of the magnetic field, based on which a scan magnetic field image is produced. A display device superimposes the scan magnetic field image on a scan laser microphotograph on a screen, so it is possible to perform defect inspection on the semiconductor device chip. Incidentally, a semiconductor device wafer is constructed to include a thermoelectromotive force generator and its wires, which are electrically connected to first-layer wires. By irradiation of the laser beam on the thermoelectromotive force generator, it is possible to detect a short-circuit defect, which lies between the first-layer wires. Further, it is possible to perform nondestructive inspection on a semiconductor integrated circuit, which is in an intermediate stage of manufacture before formation of bonding pads and which includes a closed circuit configured by a first-layer wire, including a thermoelectromotive force generating defect, a circuit via and an inspection via as well as a metal film, which is formed in a relatively broad range of a surface area and is used to form a second-layer wire.
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Parasitic MIM structural spot analysis method for semiconductor device and parasitic MIM structure spot analysis method for silicon semiconductor device
    • 半导体器件的寄生MIM结构点分析方法和硅半导体器件的寄生MIM结构点分析方法
    • US06320396B1
    • 2001-11-20
    • US08906979
    • 1997-08-06
    • Kiyoshi Nikawa
    • Kiyoshi Nikawa
    • G01R31305
    • H01L22/12G01R31/311H01L2924/0002H01L2924/00
    • Laser beam 104 having an irradiation power not less than 1 mW is irradiated onto an observed region, and a variation in a power source current 112 is detected. When the laser beam 104 is irradiated onto a parasitic insulating film 107 which is a parasitic MIM structural spot, the current 112 increases due to a temperature characteristic of the current 112 flowing through the parasitic insulating film 107, whereby the portion of the parasitic MIM structure can be detected. Moreover, laser beam 108 having a wavelength not less than 1.0 &mgr;m is irradiated onto an observed region from the back surface of the chip, and a variation in the power source current is detected. Light having a wavelength not less than 1.0 &mgr;m has the ability to travel through a Si substrate 110 so that the laser beam reaches a wiring portion. Irradiation of the laser beam onto the parasitic insulating film 107 having the parasitic MIM structure increases the current, so that the portion of the parasitic MIM structure can be detected.
    • 具有不小于1mW的照射功率的激光束104被照射到观察区域上,并检测电源电流112的变化。 当激光束104照射到作为寄生MIM结构点的寄生绝缘膜107上时,电流112由于流过寄生绝缘膜107的电流112的温度特性而增加,由此寄生MIM结构的部分 可以检测。 此外,具有不小于1.0μm的波长的激光束108从芯片的背面照射到观察区域上,并检测电源电流的变化。 具有不小于1.0μm的波长的光具有穿过Si衬底110的能力,使得激光束到达布线部分。 将激光束照射到具有寄生MIM结构的寄生绝缘膜107上增加电流,从而可以检测寄生MIM结构的部分。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for diagnosing interconnections of semiconductor integrated
circuits
    • 用于诊断半导体集成电路互连的装置
    • US5422498A
    • 1995-06-06
    • US227241
    • 1994-04-13
    • Kiyoshi NikawaYasuko HanagamaToyokazu Nakamura
    • Kiyoshi NikawaYasuko HanagamaToyokazu Nakamura
    • G01R31/28G01R31/311G01R31/00
    • G01R31/311G01R31/2853
    • The invention provides an apparatus for diagnosing a void within a conductive material for interconnections of semiconductor integrated circuits. A laser beam irradiating section is provided for supplying a thermal wave to interconnections of the semiconductor integrated circuits to cause a rise of a temperature of the conductive material due to a thermal accumulation around a void within the conductive material, the thermal wave supplying section being able to move in a plane for accomplishment of a scanning operation of the thermal wave supply. A voltage applying section is connected to the interconnections. A current detecting section is connected to the interconnections for detecting an amount of an electrical current flowing through any part of the interconnections to sense a variation of the amount thereof on account of the rise of the temperature of the conductive material due to the thermal accumulation around the void within the conductive material so as to detect any void within the conductive material.
    • 本发明提供一种用于诊断用于半导体集成电路的互连的导电材料内的空隙的装置。 提供激光束照射部分,用于将热波提供给半导体集成电路的互连,导致由导电材料内的空隙周围的热积聚引起的导电材料的温度升高,热波供应部能够 在飞机中移动以完成热波供应的扫描操作。 电压施加部连接到互连。 电流检测部分连接到互连件,用于检测流过互连部分的电流量,以便由于热累积导致的导电材料的温度升高而感测其量的变化 导电材料内的空隙,以便检测导电材料内的任何空隙。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Inspection method and apparatus using scanning laser SQUID microscope
    • 使用扫描激光SQUID显微镜的检查方法和装置
    • US07250758B2
    • 2007-07-31
    • US11374160
    • 2006-03-14
    • Kiyoshi Nikawa
    • Kiyoshi Nikawa
    • G01R33/035
    • G01N27/82Y10S505/846
    • A non-destructive method of narrowing down the location of a failure in a sample includes a first step of acquiring first and second images of magnetic-field distributions obtained by scanning a laser beam irradiating first and second samples, respectively, and if there is a difference between the first and second images of the magnetic-field distributions, a second step of acquiring first and second current images from magnetic-field distributions acquired by scanning the first and second samples by a magnetic-field detector in a state in which a prescribed location on the first and second samples is being irradiated by the laser beam. The difference between the first and second current images is found and, based upon the difference image found, it becomes possible to identify a disparity in current paths relating to the prescribed location on the first and second samples.
    • 缩小样品中故障位置的非破坏性方法包括:第一步骤,分别通过扫描照射第一和第二样品的激光束获得磁场分布的第一和第二图像,如果存在 磁场分布的第一图像和第二图像之间的差异;第二步骤,通过由磁场检测器扫描第一和第二样本所获得的磁场分布获取第一和第二当前图像, 第一和第二样品上的位置被激光束照射。 找到第一和第二当前图像之间的差异,并且基于找到的差分图像,可以识别与第一和第二样本上的规定位置有关的电流路径中的视差。