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1. 发明授权

US5619139A Magnetic resonance method and apparatus for detecting an atomic structure of a sample along a surface thereof 失效
标题翻译：用于检测样品沿其表面的原子结构的磁共振方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5619139A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US393121
申请日：1995-02-21
申请人： Karoly Holczer , Dieter Schmalbein , Peter Hoefer
发明人： Karoly Holczer , Dieter Schmalbein , Peter Hoefer
IPC分类号： G01B7/34 , G01Q30/02 , G01Q60/08 , G01Q60/52 , G01R33/56 , G01R33/60 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01Q60/08 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q60/52 , G01R33/60 , G01R33/5604 , Y10S977/838 , Y10S977/84 , Y10S977/863 , Y10S977/865 , Y10S977/88 , Y10S977/96
摘要： A method and an apparatus are disclosed for detecting an atomic structure of a sample along a surface thereof. The method comprises arranging the sample in a constant magnetic field (B.sub.0) of predetermined field strength and high homogeneity and irradiating a high-frequency magnetic field (B.sub.1) of a predetermined frequency on the sample, wherein the fields (B.sub.0) and (B.sub.1) are oriented perpendicularly to each other. The method further comprises providing a force-sensitive sensor having a paramagnetic tip comprising a paramagnetic material. The sensor is placed in close vicinity to the sample such that the paramagnetic tip is in atomic interaction with the sample surface which means that the distance between the tip and the surface is in the order of between 1 and 10 .ANG.. The predetermined field strength and the predetermined frequency are set such that electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is excited within the tip paramagnetic material. The paramagnetic tip is then displaced parallel to the sample surface for mapping predetermined points on the sample surface. During displacing the tip the force exerted on the tip by a local inhomogeneous magnetic field (B.sub.loc) caused by atomic magnetic moments (m.sub.e,k) of the sample is measured.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于检测样品沿其表面的原子结构的方法和装置。该方法包括将样品置于具有预定场强和高均匀性的恒定磁场（B0）中，并且对样品照射预定频率的高频磁场（B1），其中场（B0）和（B1）彼此垂直取向。该方法还包括提供具有包括顺磁材料的顺磁性尖端的力敏感传感器。将传感器放置在样品附近，使得顺磁性尖端与样品表面原子相互作用，这意味着尖端和表面之间的距离在1和10埃之间。将预定的场强和预定频率设定为使得电子顺磁共振（EPR）在尖端顺磁性材料内被激发。然后顺磁性尖端平行于样品表面移位，用于映射样品表面上的预定点。在移动尖端期间，测量由样品的原子磁矩（me，k）引起的局部不均匀磁场（Bloc）施加在尖端上的力。

2. 发明授权

US5512829A Method of measuring pulsed electron spin resonance signals and pulsed electron spin resonance spectrometer 失效
标题翻译：测量脉冲电子自旋共振信号和脉冲电子自旋共振光谱仪的方法
公开(公告)号：US5512829A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-30
申请号：US310938
申请日：1994-09-22
申请人： Karoly Holczer , Dieter Schmalbein , Peter Hofer
发明人： Karoly Holczer , Dieter Schmalbein , Peter Hofer
IPC分类号： G01N24/10 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/60 , G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/60 , G01R33/54
摘要： A pulsed electron spin resonance spectrometer is provided with a first microwave oscillator for generating measuring signals of a high microwave frequency of about 80 GHz or above. A second microwave oscillator generates auxiliary signals at a lower microwave frequency of about 12 GHz or below. A first mixer generates mixed signals by mixing a measuring signal with an auxiliary signal. A pulse shaping channel generates pulsed mixed signals having a pulse length sufficient for carrying out pulsed electron spin resonance experiments. Moreover, a measuring resonator is provided to which the pulsed mixed signals are applied. A second mixer generates an output signals of a lower microwave frequency by mixing the mixed signal outputted from the measuring resonator with a signal being derived from the first microwave oscillator. A pulse shaping channel is switched between the second microwave oscillator and the first mixer.
摘要翻译：脉冲电子自旋共振光谱仪设置有用于产生约80GHz或更高的高微波频率的测量信号的第一微波振荡器。第二个微波振荡器以约12GHz或更低的较低微波频率产生辅助信号。第一混频器通过将测量信号与辅助信号混合来产生混合信号。脉冲整形通道产生具有足以进行脉冲电子自旋共振实验的脉冲长度的脉冲混合信号。此外，提供了施加脉冲混合信号的测量谐振器。第二混频器通过将从测量谐振器输出的混合信号与从第一微波振荡器导出的信号混合来产生较低微波频率的输出信号。脉冲整形通道在第二微波振荡器和第一混频器之间切换。

3. 发明授权

US5397988A Method and device for tuning a HF source, in particular for tuning a microwave source of an electron spin resonance spectrometer 失效
标题翻译：用于调谐HF源的方法和装置，特别是用于调谐电子自旋共振光谱仪的微波源
公开(公告)号：US5397988A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-14
申请号：US924559
申请日：1992-07-31
申请人： Dieter Schmalbein , Karoly Holczer , Viktor Ringeisen
发明人： Dieter Schmalbein , Karoly Holczer , Viktor Ringeisen
IPC分类号： G01R33/60 , H03J7/32 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： H03J7/32 , G01R33/60
摘要： A method and a device for tuning a HF source, which oscillates at a basic frequency, to a narrow-band component, in particular for tuning a microwave source 61 of an electron spin resonance spectrometer to a resonator 62. In order to mutually tune the resonance frequency F.sub.R of the resonator 62 and the basic frequency f.sub.O of the source 61, the output signal of the source 61 is mixed in a mixer 64 with a sweep signal of an oscillator 65. The behavior of the resonator 62 is observed on a visual display unit 67, via a detector 68, in the form of what is called a "mode curve", and the source 61 is re-tuned so that two dips in the mode curve are brought into coincidence.
摘要翻译：一种用于将以基本频率振荡的HF源调谐到窄带分量的方法和装置，特别是用于将电子自旋共振光谱仪的微波源61调谐到谐振器62.为了相互调谐谐振器62的谐振频率FR和源61的基本频率f0，源61的输出信号在混频器64中与振荡器65的扫描信号混合。谐振器62的行为在视觉上观察显示单元67经由检测器68以所谓的“模式曲线”的形式，并且重新调整源61，使得模式曲线中的两个下降被重合。

4. 发明授权

US07391212B2 Resonator apparatus for electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements and method for measuring electron spin resonance (ESR) signals 有权
标题翻译：用于电子自旋共振（ESR）测量的谐振器装置和用于测量电子自旋共振（ESR）信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US07391212B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-24
申请号：US10197236
申请日：2002-07-15
申请人： Diether Maier , Dieter Schmalbein , Andreas Kamlowski , Marian Kloza , Peter Hoefer
发明人： Diether Maier , Dieter Schmalbein , Andreas Kamlowski , Marian Kloza , Peter Hoefer
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/307 , G01R33/34 , G01R33/60
摘要： A resonator apparatus and a method for electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements are disclosed. The resonator apparatus comprises a dielectric resonator and a sample vessel extending through the resonator. The sample vessel is configured as one single flexible tube. Means are provided for conveying a liquid sample substance through the flexible tube. According to the method a liquid sample substance is guided through the sample vessel, wherein the sample substance is gated by cyclically conveying and stopping, resp., a flow of the sample substance. A measurement is conducted within the resonator when the flow of sample substance is stopped.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于电子自旋共振（ESR）测量的谐振器装置和方法。谐振器装置包括介质谐振器和延伸穿过谐振器的样品容器。样品容器配置为单个柔性管。提供用于通过柔性管输送液体样品物质的装置。根据该方法，液体样品物质被引导通过样品容器，其中通过循环输送和停止或样品物质的流动来选择样品物质。当样品物质的流动停止时，在谐振器内进行测量。

5. 发明申请

US20060192557A1 Apparatus and probe head for determining a quantitative property of a sample substance by means of magnetic resonance 有权
标题翻译：用于通过磁共振确定样品物质的定量性质的装置和探针头
公开(公告)号：US20060192557A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-31
申请号：US11346613
申请日：2006-02-02
申请人： Marian Kloza , Dieter Schmalbein , Diether Maier
发明人： Marian Kloza , Dieter Schmalbein , Diether Maier
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01N24/08 , G01R33/30
摘要： An apparatus for determining a quantitative property of a sample substance by means of magnetic resonance is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a conveyor for conveying sample containers containing the sample substance through a measuring station. The measuring station comprises a magnet system for generating a constant magnetic field of high homogeneity. The measuring station, further, comprises a probe head adapted for letting sample containers be conveyed therethrough and for generating a high frequency magnetic field. A magnetic resonance measuring unit determines the quantitative property of the sample substance contained in the probe head. The probe head excites and detects, resp., the magnetic resonance essentially only within that section of the sample container which contains the sample substance. The probe head comprises a split-ring resonator which, as seen in a conveying direction of the conveyor, has a passage cross-section for letting run the sample containers therethrough. The high frequency magnetic field is generated essentially only in an area of the passage cross-section through which the sample containers run during conveying.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于通过磁共振确定样品物质的定量性质的装置。该装置包括用于通过测量站传送包含样品物质的样品容器的输送机。测量站包括用于产生高均匀性的恒定磁场的磁体系统。此外，测量站还包括探头，其适于使样品容器通过其传送并产生高频磁场。磁共振测量单元确定包含在探头中的样品物质的定量性质。探针头基本上仅在包含样品物质的样品容器的该部分内激发和检测磁共振。探头包括开环谐振器，从输送机的输送方向看，该环形谐振器具有用于使样品容器通过的通道横截面。高频磁场基本上仅在样品容器在传送过程中运行的通道横截面的区域中产生。

6. 发明授权

US5212449A Resonator for electron spin resonance spectroscopy 失效
标题翻译：电子共振光谱分析仪
公开(公告)号：US5212449A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-18
申请号：US847899
申请日：1992-03-06
申请人： Ekkehard Gentsch , Dieter Schmalbein
发明人： Ekkehard Gentsch , Dieter Schmalbein
IPC分类号： G01R33/345
CPC分类号： G01R33/345
摘要： A resonator is provided for electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The resonator comprises walls defining a cavity. In the cavity, a predetermined oscillation mode of a preselectable frequency, in particular in the Q band, is capable of propagating. The walls are provided with an opening for irradiating a radiation, in particular light rays. The cavity has a cylindrical shape. An oscillation mode of the type TE.sub.01n is excited, with n being greater than one. The opening is configured as an annular slot extending substantially all around the cylindrical jacket, which defines the cavity, in a radial plane at a distance of m L/4 from a radial end wall delimiting the cavity, and m is an odd number and greater than one (FIG. 2).
摘要翻译：提供了用于电子自旋共振光谱的谐振器。谐振器包括限定空腔的壁。在空腔中，特别是在Q波段中的可预选频率的预定振荡模式能够传播。壁设置有用于照射辐射的开口，特别是光线。空腔具有圆柱形。激发类型TE01n的振荡模式，其中n大于1。开口被构造为环形槽，其基本上全部围绕限定空腔的圆柱形套管延伸，在距离限定空腔的径向端壁距离m L / 4的径向平面中，并且m是奇数和更大的（图2）。

7. 发明授权

US4437063A Specimen head for electron spin resonance and paramagnetic electron resonance measurements 失效
标题翻译：电子自旋共振和顺磁电子共振测量的样品头
公开(公告)号：US4437063A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-13
申请号：US288582
申请日：1981-07-30
申请人： Reinhard Biehl , Dieter Schmalbein
发明人： Reinhard Biehl , Dieter Schmalbein
IPC分类号： G01R33/32 , G01R33/345 , G01R33/08
CPC分类号： G01R33/345
摘要： A specimen head for electron spin resonance and paramagnetic electron resonance measurements, having an annularly cylindrical resonator, with a waveguide being coupled to one of its end walls in such a manner as to excite an H.sub.011 wave. The other end wall is formed by a piston capable of being shifted for tuning, the piston being attached at the end of a hollow piston rod (6) mounted in a bearing block (4), which also contains the resonator (16), in such a manner that it is concentric relative to the axis of the resonator and longitudinally shiftable. The waveguide (13) is attached to the bearing block (4) on that side of the resonator (16) which is opposite the piston (7) and extends along the outside of the bearing block parallel to the piston rod (6) after having been deflected 180.degree.. Drive shafts (24, 34) for means for shifting the piston (7) and means for altering the coupling of the waveguide (13) are arranged on that side of the piston rod (6) opposite the waveguide (13) in the plane containing the axes of the waveguide and the piston rod (6) and are mounted in or on the bearing block (4). The bearing block (4) is attached to a head member (1) by means of rods (3) extending parallel to the waveguide (13) and to the drive shafts (24, 34), with the free end of the waveguide (13) being attached thereto and the free ends of the drive shafts (24, 34) being mounted therein, and having a hole (48) which is concentric relative to the piston rod (6).
摘要翻译：用于电子自旋共振和顺磁电子共振测量的样品头，具有环形圆柱形谐振器，波导以激发H011波的方式耦合到其端壁之一。另一端壁由能够移动调节的活塞形成，活塞附接在安装在轴承座（4）中的中空活塞杆（6）的端部，轴承座（4）中还包含谐振器（16）这种方式使得其相对于谐振器的轴线是同心的并可纵向移位。波导13连接在谐振器16的与活塞7相对的侧面上的轴承座4上，并在轴承座的外侧平行于活塞杆6延伸，偏转180°。用于移动活塞（7）的装置的驱动轴（24,34）和用于改变波导（13）的联接的装置布置在活动杆（6）的与波导（13）相对的侧面上，该平面包含波导和活塞杆（6）的轴线并安装在轴承座（4）中或轴承座（4）上。轴承座（4）通过平行于波导（13）延伸的杆（3）和驱动轴（24,34）连接到头部构件（1）上，波导管13的自由端），并且驱动轴（24,34）的自由端安装在其中，并且具有相对于活塞杆（6）同心的孔（48）。

8. 发明授权

US06462546B1 Method and apparatus for investigating the imperishability of liquid foodstuffs by means of electron spin resonance 有权
标题翻译：通过电子自旋共振研究液体食品的不均匀性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06462546B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-08
申请号：US09700929
申请日：2000-11-21
申请人： Dieter Schmalbein , JinJie Jiang , Arthur H. Heiss , Ralph T. Weber , Andreas Kamlowski
发明人： Dieter Schmalbein , JinJie Jiang , Arthur H. Heiss , Ralph T. Weber , Andreas Kamlowski
IPC分类号： G01V300
CPC分类号： G01R33/307 , G01R33/60
摘要： A method and an apparatus for investigating the imperishability of n liquid foodstuffs using electron spin resonance (ESR) exposes samples of the foodstuffs to an elevated temperature for an extended time-period. At predetermined intervals during the period, the intensity of an ESR signal of each sample is measured and plotted vs. time in a diagram for that sample. The time of a superproportional increase in intensity is detected for each foodstuff. The number n of different foodstuffs is determined by dividing the predetermined interval by the measurement time. The n samples are investigated simultaneously by sequentially cycling the n samples through a common sample vessel. Each time, the intensity of the ESR signal of the sample is measured and then plotted in a diagram unique to that foodstuff. The sequence of foodstuffs are cycled through the sample vessel until a predetermined number m of measuring points per foodstuff has been attained.
摘要翻译：使用电子自旋共振（ESR）研究n种液体食品不均匀性的方法和装置将食品样品暴露于升高的温度下延长时间。在该期间的预定间隔，测量每个样品的ESR信号的强度，并对该样品的图中的时间作图。每种食品都会检测到强度超比例增加的时间。通过将预定间隔除以测量时间来确定不同食物的数量n。通过将n个样品顺序循环通过普通的样品容器来同时研究n个样品。每次测量样品的ESR信号的强度，然后绘制在该食品独特的图中。食物的顺序循环通过样品容器，直到达到每个食物预定数量的测量点。

9. 发明授权

US5347219A Resonator arrangement for electron spin resonance spectroscopy 失效
标题翻译：用于电子自旋共振光谱的谐振器布置
公开(公告)号：US5347219A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US923040
申请日：1992-07-31
申请人： Ekkehard Gentsch , Dieter Schmalbein
发明人： Ekkehard Gentsch , Dieter Schmalbein
IPC分类号： G01R33/345 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/345
摘要： A resonator arrangement 10 serves for electron spin resonance spectroscopy. It comprises an upper carrier plate 30, a long center portion 32, 33, 40, 41 and a lower resonator section 45, 46, 47. In the area of the center portion 32, 33, 40, 41, there is provided at least one separating plane 50, 51 along which the resonator arrangement 10 can be divided into an upper part 52 and a lower part 52, it being possible to connect a plurality of different lower parts 53 to one and the same upper part 52.
摘要翻译：谐振器装置10用于电子自旋共振光谱。它包括上承载板30，长中心部分32,33,40,41和下共振器部分45,46,47。在中心部分32,33,40,41的区域中，至少提供一个分离平面50,51，谐振器装置10可以沿着该分离平面分成上部52和下部52，可以将多个不同的下部53连接到同一个上部52。

10. 发明授权

US5293120A Resonator for electron spin resonance spectroscopy 失效
标题翻译：用于电子自旋共振光谱的谐振器
公开(公告)号：US5293120A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-08
申请号：US847711
申请日：1992-03-06
申请人： Ekkehard Gentsch , Dieter Schmalbein
发明人： Ekkehard Gentsch , Dieter Schmalbein
IPC分类号： G01R33/345 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/345
摘要： A resonator is provided for electron spin resonance spectroscopy. It comprises a resonant element comprising a cavity, and a predetermined oscillation mode is capable of propagating in the cavity. The resonator comprises further a coupling element comprising a waveguide section. Finally, the resonator is equipped with a tuning arrangement for coupling an electromagnetic wave in the waveguide section with the oscillation mode in the cavity. The tuning arrangement comprises at least one conductive wafer, which is arranged at the free end of a tuning rod projecting into the waveguide section and is adapted for displacement in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the tuning rod. The wafer further coacts with a coupling element disposed between the waveguide section and the cavity. Two wafers are arranged on either side of the coupling element, in the direction of the longitudinal axis, and can be displaced in opposite senses relative to the coupling element.
摘要翻译：提供了用于电子自旋共振光谱的谐振器。它包括一个包括空腔的谐振元件，并且预定的振荡模式能够在空腔中传播。谐振器还包括一个包括波导部分的耦合元件。最后，谐振器配备有用于将波导部分中的电磁波与空腔中的振荡模式耦合的调谐装置。调谐装置包括至少一个导电晶片，其布置在突出到波导部分中的调谐杆的自由端处，并且适于在调谐杆的纵向轴线的方向上移位。晶片还与设置在波导部分和腔之间的耦合元件共同作用。两个晶片布置在耦合元件的两侧，沿着纵向轴线的方向，并且可相对于耦合元件以相反的方向移位。

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