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1. 发明授权

US3976557A Pretreatment of coal-derived liquid to improve magnetic separation of solids 失效
标题翻译：预处理煤源液体以改善固体的磁分离
公开(公告)号：US3976557A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-24
申请号：US527943
申请日：1974-11-29
申请人： John Shen , Michael C. Chervenak
发明人： John Shen , Michael C. Chervenak
IPC分类号： B03C1/00 , B03C1/015 , C10G1/04 , C10G32/02 , C10G67/02 , C10G1/06 , C10G34/00
CPC分类号： C10G1/045 , B03C1/002 , B03C1/015 , C10G32/02 , C10G67/02
摘要： The removal of particulate solids containing iron sulfides from hydrogenated coal liquids by magnetic separation is improved by pretreatment of the liquid with a gas mixture containing hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide. The coal-derived liquid is contacted with the gas mixture containing at least about 2 vol. % hydrogen sulfide, with the remainder of the gas mixture comprising principally hydrogen. Residue time for the liquid-gas contact should be at least about two minutes and temperature should be less than about 650.degree.F. The treated liquid is then passed through a magnetic field having strength of at least about 3000 gauss to achieve substantial removal of sulfur-containing solids from the liquid. The magnetic solids are then removed from the separator unit, e.g., by flushing using a light solvent oil, and the remaining liquid fraction carrying less-magnetic solids is passed on to further processing.
摘要翻译：通过磁性分离从氢化煤液中除去含硫化铁的颗粒固体，通过用含有氢和硫化氢的气体混合物进行预处理来改进。煤源液体与含有至少约2体积％的气体混合物接触。％硫化氢，其余气体混合物主要包含氢气。液 - 气接触的残留时间应至少约两分钟，温度应小于约650°F。然后将处理过的液体通过强度至少约为3000高斯的磁场，以实质上除去硫来自液体的固体。然后将磁性固体从分离器单元中除去，例如通过使用轻质溶剂油冲洗，并将携带较少磁性固体的剩余液体馏分转移至进一步处理。

2. 发明授权

US4217201A Integrated coal cleaning, liquefaction, and gasification process 失效
标题翻译：综合清洁，液化和气化过程
公开(公告)号：US4217201A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-12
申请号：US954015
申请日：1978-10-23
申请人： Michael C. Chervenak
发明人： Michael C. Chervenak
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10J3/54 , C10G1/06
CPC分类号： C10J3/54 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/002 , C10G1/006 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0909 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0966 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1656 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1823
摘要： Coal is finely ground and cleaned so as to preferentially remove denser ash-containing particles along with some coal. The resulting cleaned coal portion having reduced ash content is then fed to a coal hydrogenation system for the production of desirable hydrocarbon gases and liquid products. The remaining ash-enriched coal portion is gasified to produce a synthesis gas, the ash is removed from the gasifier usually as slag, and the synthesis gas is shift converted with steam and purified to produce the high purity hydrogen needed in the coal hydrogenation system. This overall process increases the utilization of as-mined coal, reduces the problems associated with ash in the liquefaction-hydrogenation system, and permits a desirable simplification of a liquids-solids separation step otherwise required in the coal hydrogenation system.
摘要翻译：煤被精细研磨和清洁，以便优先除去更致密的含灰粒子以及一些煤。然后，将具有降低的灰分含量的所得清洁煤部分进料到煤加氢系统中，以生产所需的烃气体和液体产物。剩余的富灰煤部分被气化以产生合成气，灰渣通常作为炉渣从气化器中除去，并且合成气用蒸汽转化并纯化以产生煤加氢系统中所需的高纯度氢。这种整体过程增加了采煤煤的利用率，减少了与液化氢化系统中的灰分相关的问题，并且允许在煤加氢系统中另外需要的液体 - 固体分离步骤的理想简化。

3. 发明授权

US4576710A Catalyst desulfurization of petroleum residua feedstocks 失效
标题翻译：石油残渣原料的催化剂脱硫
公开(公告)号：US4576710A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-18
申请号：US672841
申请日：1984-11-09
申请人： Govanon Nongbri , Michael C. Chervenak
发明人： Govanon Nongbri , Michael C. Chervenak
IPC分类号： C10G45/16 , C10G65/04 , C10G65/12
CPC分类号： C10G45/16 , C10G65/04
摘要： An improved process for catalytic desulfurization of petroleum residua feedstocks to provide at least about 75% desulfurization of the liquid product while achieving low catalyst deactivation and increased catalyst age. In the process which uses an ebullated catalyst bed reactor, the reaction conditions are usually maintained at 790.degree.-860.degree. F. temperature, 1000-1800 psig hydrogen partial pressure, and 0.2-2.0 Vf/hr/Vr space velocity. To control carbon and metals deposition on the catalyst, used catalyst is withdrawn from the reactor, a minor portion of the catalyst is discarded to control metals deposition and maintain catalyst activity, and the remaining catalyst is regenerated to remove carbon by carbon burnoff and returned to the reactor for further use. If desired, the regenerated catalyst can be presulfided before returning it to the reactor. Following phase separation and distillation steps, the desulfurized hydrocarbon liquid products are withdrawn from the process. For feedstocks requiring higher desulfurization, two stages of catalytic reaction are provided in which the used catalyst is withdrawn from each stage reactor and regenerated to remove carbon and then returned to the same stage reactor. Alternatively, fresh catalyst is added to the second stage only, some used catalyst from the second stage reactor is transferred to the first stage reactor, and used catalyst is discarded from the first stage reactor.
摘要翻译：一种用于石油残渣原料的催化脱硫的改进方法，以提供液体产物的至少约75％的脱硫，同时实现低催化剂失活和增加的催化剂年龄。在使用沸腾催化剂床反应器的过程中，反应条件通常保持在790℃-860°F温度，1000-1800psig氢分压和0.2-2.0Vf / hr / Vr空间速度。为了控制催化剂上的碳和金属沉积，使用的催化剂从反应器中排出，少部分催化剂被丢弃以控制金属沉积并维持催化剂活性，并且剩余的催化剂被再生以通过碳燃烧除去碳并且返回到反应堆进一步使用。如果需要，再生催化剂可以在将其返回反应器之前被预硫化。在相分离和蒸馏步骤之后，从该方法中抽出脱硫烃液体产物。对于需要更高脱硫性的原料，提供两个阶段的催化反应，其中使用的催化剂从每一级反应器中取出并再生以除去碳，然后返回到同一级反应器。或者，将新鲜的催化剂仅添加到第二阶段，将来自第二阶段反应器的一些使用的催化剂转移到第一阶段反应器中，并将所使用的催化剂从第一阶段反应器中丢弃。

4. 发明授权

US4342641A Maximizing jet fuel from shale oil 失效
标题翻译：从页岩油中最大化喷气燃料
公开(公告)号：US4342641A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-03
申请号：US208094
申请日：1980-11-18
申请人： Henry E. Reif , Peter Maruhnic , Michael C. Chervenak
发明人： Henry E. Reif , Peter Maruhnic , Michael C. Chervenak
IPC分类号： C10G65/10 , C10G65/12 , C10G45/08 , C10G45/60
CPC分类号： C10G65/10 , C10G2400/08
摘要： Improved method for maximizing jet fuel from shale oil involves hydrotreating the treated oil at a temperature of about 600.degree.-650.degree. F. in the presence of a catalyst having a relatively low metal content and then hydrotreating the oil at a temperature in excess of about 800.degree. F. in the presence of a catalyst having a relatively high metal content. A 480.degree. F. minus boiling point fraction fractionated from the foregoing process can meet JP-4 jet fuel specifications. Hydrocracking the 480.degree. F. plus boiling point fraction results in substantial additional quantities of jet fuel.
摘要翻译：用于使页岩油中的喷气燃料最大化的改进方法包括在具有相对较低金属含量的催化剂存在下，在约600-650°F的温度下加工处理过的油，然后在超过约在具有相对高的金属含量的催化剂的存在下。从上述方法分馏的480°F减沸点馏分可以满足JP-4喷气燃料规格。加氢裂化480°F加沸点馏分导致大量额外的喷气燃料。

5. 发明授权

US3964995A Hydrodesulfurization process 失效
标题翻译：加氢脱硫工艺
公开(公告)号：US3964995A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-22
申请号：US481797
申请日：1974-06-21
申请人： Ronald H. Wolk , Seymour B. Alpert , Michael C. Chervenak
发明人： Ronald H. Wolk , Seymour B. Alpert , Michael C. Chervenak
IPC分类号： C10G45/16 , C10G65/04 , C10G23/02
CPC分类号： C10G45/16 , C10G2300/107
摘要： A two-stage hydrodesulfurization process for a 65 to 80 percent desulfurization of a high metal content residuum, such as those obtained from Venezuela, in which the contact solids activity in both stages is maintained at an equilibrium level by constant replacement of the contact solids in both stages. The first stage contains a porous alumina solids contact material activated with at least one promoter oxide selected from Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, TiO.sub.2 and SiO.sub.2, which has as its primary purpose the removal of vanadium and nickel from the feed material. However, the treatment of the feed in the first stage was found to improve the second stage performance by a factor greater than the amount of metals removed. The second stage contains a highly active desulfurization catalyst of limited porosity.
摘要翻译：一种二阶段加氢脱硫方法，用于高金属含量残渣（如委内瑞拉获得的那些）的65％至80％的脱硫，其中两个阶段的接触固体活性通过不断更换接触固体而保持在平衡水平两个阶段第一阶段包含用至少一种选自Fe 2 O 3，TiO 2和SiO 2的助催化剂氧化物活化的多孔氧化铝固体接触材料，其主要目的是从进料中除去钒和镍。然而，发现在第一阶段中进料的处理通过大于除去金属的量来提高第二阶段性能。第二阶段包含孔隙率有限的高活性脱硫催化剂。

6. 发明授权

US4400263A H-Coal process and plant design 失效
标题翻译： H煤工艺和工厂设计
公开(公告)号：US4400263A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-23
申请号：US232789
申请日：1981-02-09
申请人： Paul H. Kydd , Michael C. Chervenak , George R. DeVaux
发明人： Paul H. Kydd , Michael C. Chervenak , George R. DeVaux
IPC分类号： C10G1/08 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/06
CPC分类号： C10G1/002
摘要： A process for converting coal and other hydrocarbonaceous materials into useful and more valuable liquid products. The process comprises: feeding coal and/or other hydrocarbonaceous materials with a hydrogen-containing gas into an ebullated catalyst bed reactor; passing the reaction products from the reactor to a hot separator where the vaporous and distillate products are separated from the residuals; introducing the vaporous and distillate products from the separator directly into a hydrotreater where they are further hydrogenated; passing the residuals from the separator successively through flash vessels at reduced pressures where distillates are flashed off and combined with the vaporous and distillate products to be hydrogenated; transferring the unseparated residuals to a solids concentrating and removal means to remove a substantial portion of solids therefrom and recycling the remaining residual oil to the reactor; and passing the hydrogenated vaporous and distillate products to an atmospheric fractionator where the combined products are fractionated into separate valuable liquid products. The hydrogen-containing gas is generated from sources within the process.
摘要翻译：将煤和其他含烃材料转化为有用和更有价值的液体产品的方法。该方法包括：将具有含氢气体的煤和/或其它含烃物质进料到沸腾催化剂床反应器中; 将反应产物从反应器通到热分离器，其中蒸气和馏出物与残留物分离; 将蒸气和馏出物从分离器直接引入加氢处理塔中，在此加氢处理塔进一步氢化; 使来自分离器的残余物在减压下连续地通过闪蒸容器，其中馏出物被闪蒸并与待氢化的蒸气和馏出物产物组合; 将未分离的残余物转移到固体浓缩和去除装置以从其中除去大部分固体，并将剩余的残余油再循环到反应器中; 并将氢化的蒸气和馏出物产物通入大气分馏塔，其中将组合的产物分馏成分离的有价值的液体产物。含氢气体是由工艺中的源产生的。

7. 发明授权

US4323446A Multi-zone coal conversion process using particulate carrier material 失效
标题翻译：使用颗粒载体材料的多区域煤转化过程
公开(公告)号：US4323446A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-06
申请号：US71215
申请日：1979-08-30
申请人： Michael C. Chervenak , Edwin S. Johanson , Marvin S. Rakow
发明人： Michael C. Chervenak , Edwin S. Johanson , Marvin S. Rakow
IPC分类号： C10G1/02 , C10J3/54 , C10G1/00 , C10J3/00
CPC分类号： C10J3/54 , C10G1/02 , C10J3/482 , C10J3/721 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/84 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/0993 , C10J2300/1807 , Y02E20/18
摘要： A multiple-zone fluidized bed coal conversion process for producing fuel gas and distillate liquid products. The coal is fed into an upper fluidized bed maintained at 950.degree.-1500.degree. F. for devolatilization. The resulting coke and some tars are deposited on a particulate carrier material, which descends along with the larger particles of unreacted coal through a stripping zone into a lower fluidized bed gasification zone, which is maintained at 1700.degree.-2000.degree. F. by steam and O.sub.2 -containing gas introduced therein to gasify the coke and char. Fine particles of unreacted coal and carrier are passed with gas and distillate vapor through a cyclone gas-solids separation step located in the devolatilization zone, from which the solids are returned to the lower bed for further gasification. Ash produced in the lower bed along with the clean hot particulate carrier is transferred through an up-transport tube to the upper bed. The effluent from the devolatilization/hydrogenation zone passes through an external cyclone separator which removes the particles as a disposal stream. Alternatively, the effluent from the devolatilization zone may be passed through a third or uppermost bed of particulate carrier material for heat recovery and more complete removal of tars from the product gas.
摘要翻译：一种用于生产燃料气体和馏出液体产品的多区流化床煤转化方法。煤被送入保持在950°-15°F的上流化床中用于脱挥发分。所得焦炭和一些焦油沉积在颗粒载体材料上，颗粒载体材料随着未反应煤的较大颗粒通过汽提区下降到下流化床气化区，其通过蒸汽保持在1700°-2000°F，在其中引入含氧气体以使焦炭和焦炭气化。未反应的煤和载体的细颗粒通过气体和馏出物蒸汽通过位于脱挥发区的旋风分离气 - 固体分离步骤，固体返回到下床进一步气化。在下层床中产生的灰尘与清洁的热颗粒载体一起通过上运管转移到上床。来自脱挥发氢/加氢区的流出物通过外部旋风分离器，其将颗粒作为处理流除去。或者，来自脱挥发区的流出物可以通过颗粒载体材料的第三或最上层，用于热回收并且更完全地从产物气体中除去焦油。

8. 发明授权

US4128109A Pressure let-down valve assembly for handling abrasive liquids 失效
标题翻译：用于处理磨料液体的压力降压阀组件
公开(公告)号：US4128109A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-05
申请号：US645408
申请日：1975-12-30
申请人： Michael C. Chervenak , Ronald H. Wolk
发明人： Michael C. Chervenak , Ronald H. Wolk
IPC分类号： F16K47/08 , F16L57/00 , F16K47/00
CPC分类号： F16K47/08 , F16L57/00 , Y10T137/7036
摘要： A pressure let-down valve assembly for handling pressurized liquids which contain abrasive solids including a valve adapted for handling such liquids and a flow reversal means for changing the direction of the flowing liquid. The flow reversal means contains a chamber having an outlet located at a point which permits a sufficient amount of liquid to accumulate therein to absorb at least a portion of the energy of the flowing solids in the liquid.
摘要翻译：一种用于处理含有磨料固体的加压液体的压力降压阀组件，包括适于处理这种液体的阀，以及用于改变流动液体的方向的流动反转装置。流动反转装置包括具有位于允许足够量的液体积聚在其中以吸收液体中流动固体的能量的至少一部分的点处的室。

9. 发明授权

US4452911A Frangible catalyst pretreatment method for use in hydrocarbon hydrodemetallization process 失效
标题翻译：用于烃加氢脱金属过程的易碎催化剂预处理方法
公开(公告)号：US4452911A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-05
申请号：US521861
申请日：1983-08-10
申请人： Richard M. Eccles , Allen S. U. Li , Shyy-Jong D. Lin , Virginia A. Malik , Michael C. Chervenak
发明人： Richard M. Eccles , Allen S. U. Li , Shyy-Jong D. Lin , Virginia A. Malik , Michael C. Chervenak
IPC分类号： B01J37/00 , C10G45/16 , C10G49/02 , B01J21/02 , B01J23/16 , B02C19/06 , B02C25/00
CPC分类号： B01J37/00 , C10G2300/107 , Y10S502/503 , Y10S502/504 , Y10S502/514 , Y10S502/523
摘要： Activated bauxite particulate material having usual nominal particle size range of 20-50 mesh (U.S. Sieve Series) is treated by fluidization in an upflowing gas so as to attrite the particles and stabilize the particle shape and size, thereby making the catalyst more uniform in shape and resistent to attrition in subsequent ebullated bed reactor operations. The treated activated bauxite catalyst material is then rescreened to provide a narrower differential size range having a particle equivalent diameter ratio range for large to small particles of about 1.4-2.0, and a preferred 20-30 mesh (U.S. Sieve Series) particle size range. The selected pretreated catalyst is then introduced into the ebullated bed reactor of a hydrodemetallization process for hydrocarbon feedstocks containing high metals concentration. Use of such pretreated bauxite catalyst particles results in improved reactor fluidization operations and less catalyst loss by attrition and carryover of fines from the reactor, and achieves improved results of 60-70 W % demetallization and 50-55 V % hydroconversion of the 975.degree. F..sup.30 fraction to lower boiling hydrocarbon products in a single stage operation.
摘要翻译：具有通常的标称粒度范围为20-50目（US筛系列）的活性铝土矿颗粒材料通过在向上流动的气体中流化处理，以分散颗粒并稳定颗粒形状和尺寸，从而使催化剂形状更均匀并在后续沸腾床反应器操作中抵抗磨损。然后将经处理的活化的铝土矿催化剂材料重新筛选以提供更窄的差异尺寸范围，其具有约1.4-2.0的大小颗粒的颗粒当量直径比范围，优选的20-30目（美国筛系列）粒度范围。然后将选择的预处理催化剂引入用于含有高金属浓度的烃原料的加氢脱金属过程的沸腾床反应器中。使用这种预处理的铝土矿催化剂颗粒导致改进的反应器流化操作和较少的催化剂损失，通过磨损和从反应器中携带细粉，并且实现了改善的结果，即60-70％的脱金属和50-55V％的975°F的加氢转化在一个阶段操作中降低沸点的烃产物。

10. 发明授权

US4427535A Selective operating conditions for high conversion of special petroleum feedstocks 失效
标题翻译：特殊石油原料高转化率的选择性操作条件
公开(公告)号：US4427535A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-24
申请号：US317214
申请日：1981-11-02
申请人： Govanon Nongbri , Susan M. Brandt , Michael C. Chervenak
发明人： Govanon Nongbri , Susan M. Brandt , Michael C. Chervenak
IPC分类号： C10G47/30 , C10G47/00 , C10G47/26 , C10G47/10
CPC分类号： C10G47/00 , C10G2300/107
摘要： A process for the catalytic hydroconversion of special petroleum feedstocks, containing 10-28 W % asphaltenes, and having Ramsbottom carbon residue of 12-35 W %, such as Cold Lake and Lloydminster crude and residua materials. In the process, high percentage conversion (65-80 V %) to lower boiling hydrocarbon products can be achieved by maintaining a narrow range of reaction conditions, preferably in an ebullated bed catalytic reactor. Reaction temperature is 780.degree.-835.degree. F., hydrogen partial pressure is 2000-3000 psig, and space velocity is 0.25-5.0 V.sub.f /hr/V.sub.r. Higher conversion of about 80 to 95 volume percent can be obtained with recycle of 975.degree. F..sup.+ vacuum bottoms fraction to the reactor. Useful catalysts have total pore volume of about 0.5-0.9 cc/gm and include cobalt-molybdenum and nickel-molybdenum on alumina support.
摘要翻译：特种石油原料催化加氢转化的方法，含10-28 W％沥青质，Ramsbottom碳残渣为12-35 W％，如Cold Lake和Lloydminster原油及残留物。在此过程中，通过保持较窄范围的反应条件，优选在沸腾床催化反应器中，可以实现较低沸点烃产物的高百分比转化率（65-80％）。反应温度为780°-835°F，氢分压为2000-3000psig，空速为0.25-5.0Vf / hr / Vr。通过将975°F +真空底部馏分循环至反应器，可获得约80至95体积％的较高转化率。有用的催化剂具有约0.5-0.9cc / gm的总孔体积，并且在氧化铝载体上包括钴 - 钼和镍 - 钼。

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