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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Assertive latching flip-flop
    • 自信锁定触发器
    • US5391935A
    • 1995-02-21
    • US96102
    • 1993-07-22
    • John E. GersbachPaul W. Chung
    • John E. GersbachPaul W. Chung
    • H03K3/02H03K3/037H03K3/286H03K3/2885H03K3/356H03K3/29
    • H03K3/2885H03K3/0375
    • An assertive latching flip-flop circuit is provided which prevents the occurrence of metastable outputs. The circuit comprises a single flip-flop which is comprised of standard switching transistors which are switched by a clocking mechanism having no additionally introduced delay. The circuit includes an imbalancing element which is coupled to a latching portion of the circuit. The latching portion of the circuit comprises a pair of cross-coupled transistors, in current mode embodiments of the invention, or a pair of cross-coupled inverters, in voltage mode embodiments of the invention. The imbalancing element introduces an electrical disturbance on the input line to one of the latching transistors or inverters. The imbalancing element is a capacitor in voltage mode embodiments of the invention and an additional transistor in current mode embodiments.
    • 提供了一种断言闩锁触发器电路,其防止亚稳输出的发生。 该电路包括单个触发器,该触发器由标准开关晶体管组成,该标准开关晶体管由没有额外引入的延迟的时钟机构切换。 电路包括耦合到电路的锁存部分的不平衡元件。 在本发明的电压模式实施例中,电路的锁存部分包括在本发明的电流模式实施例中的一对交叉耦合晶体管或一对交叉耦合的反相器。 不平衡元件将输入线上的电气干扰引入到一个锁存晶体管或反相器。 不平衡元件是本发明的电压模式实施例中的电容器和当前模式实施例中的附加晶体管。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • DC centering analog receiver for flash A/D converter
    • 用于闪存A / D转换器的直流定心模拟接收器
    • US5422642A
    • 1995-06-06
    • US81760
    • 1993-06-22
    • Paul W. ChungJohn E. GersbachBac PhamKarl HensePete Granata
    • Paul W. ChungJohn E. GersbachBac PhamKarl HensePete Granata
    • G11B20/10H03M1/06H03M1/08H03M1/10H03M1/12H03M1/36
    • H03M1/0607
    • An analog receiver circuit suitable for use with a flash analog-to-digital converter is described. A first stage of the receiver acts essentially as a voltage follower, receiving the centertap voltage of a flash A/D converter resistor ladder, and maintaining an internal reference voltage substantially equal to the centertap voltage over time. A second stage of the analog receiver acts as centering means, receiving an analog signal and centering it with respect to the internal reference voltage provided by the first stage. The receiver is thus able to provide an analog signal to the flash A/D converter which is dynamically centered with respect to the converter's operating voltage, thereby reducing DC offset. Moreover, introducing the analog signal at the second stage minimizes the bandwidth-limiting elements between this input signal and the DC-centered output signal. Thus DC offset is further reduced and operating frequencies of 500 MTz or greater are possible.
    • 描述适用于闪存模数转换器的模拟接收机电路。 接收器的第一级基本上作为电压跟随器,接收闪存A / D转换器电阻梯的centertap电压,并且保持内部参考电压基本上等于Centertap电压随时间变化。 模拟接收机的第二级用作对中装置,接收模拟信号并使其相对于由第一级提供的内部参考电压居中。 因此,接收器能够向闪存A / D转换器提供模拟信号,闪存A / D转换器相对于转换器的工作电压动态地居中,从而减少DC偏移。 此外,在第二级引入模拟信号使得该输入信号和以DC为中心的输出信号之间的带宽限制元件最小化。 因此,DC偏移进一步降低,并且500MTz或更大的工作频率是可能的。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • On-chip thermometry for control of chip operating temperature
    • 用于芯片工作温度的片上测温
    • US5873053A
    • 1999-02-16
    • US841967
    • 1997-04-08
    • Wilbur D. PricerWendell P. NobleJohn A. FifieldJohn E. Gersbach
    • Wilbur D. PricerWendell P. NobleJohn A. FifieldJohn E. Gersbach
    • G01K7/01
    • G01K7/01Y10S323/907
    • Temperatures on a chip, including particular regions of a chip are monitored by sensing changes in sub-threshold conduction of a field effect transistor (FET) integrated on the chip due to changes in charge carrier population distribution with temperature therein. Such changes in sub-threshold current with temperature are preferably detected using a current mirror and two FETs with different channel geometry and slightly different gate voltages such that the currents are equal at a specific design temperature. The slightly different gate voltages are conveniently provided by a low current voltage divider with or without on-chip voltage regulation in which resistor ratios can be accurately and repeatably obtained. Variations from that temperature thus yield large current differences and substantial signal swing which improve noise immunity. Hysteresis can be applied to the output (or amplified output) of the current mirror to obtain bistable thermostat-like action. Variant applications provide sensing at plural chip locations (e.g. for sensing temperature gradients and temperatures of autonomously operating portions of the chip) and a plurality of temperatures on the chip. Temperatures thus monitored control implementation of performance enhancing algorithms in regard to the chip.
    • 通过感测集成在芯片上的场效应晶体管(FET)的亚阈值传导的变化,由于载流子群体分布随温度的变化而监测芯片上包括芯片的特定区域的温度。 亚阈值电流随温度的这种变化优选使用电流镜和具有不同通道几何形状和略微不同的栅极电压的两个FET来检测,使得电流在特定设计温度下是相等的。 通过具有或不具有片内电压调节的低电流分压器可以方便地提供略微不同的栅极电压,其中可以精确和重复地获得电阻器比率。 因此,该温度的变化产生大的电流差异和显着的信号摆动,这提高了抗噪声性。 迟滞可应用于电流镜的输出(或放大输出),以获得双稳态恒温器状作用。 变体应用提供在多个芯片位置处的感测(例如用于感测芯片的自主操作部分的温度梯度和温度)以及芯片上的多个温度。 因此监控的温度控制了关于芯片的性能增强算法的实现。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Current reference circuit
    • 电流参考电路
    • US5635869A
    • 1997-06-03
    • US536222
    • 1995-09-29
    • Frank D. FerraioloJohn E. GersbachIlya J. NovofEdward J. Nowak
    • Frank D. FerraioloJohn E. GersbachIlya J. NovofEdward J. Nowak
    • G05F3/26G05F1/10
    • G05F3/262
    • A constant-current generator circuit includes an output circuit and a control circuit, with the control circuit producing a control voltage to define a reference current through the output circuit. An important feature is that the control circuit uses a pair of transistors having different threshold voltages in generating the control voltage. The circuit is formed using CMOS technology, and the difference in threshold voltage may be produced by doping the polysilicon gate of an N-channel or P-channel field effect transistor. The step of doping to produce the change in threshold voltage is compatible with the standard processing for the CMOS device. In a preferred embodiment, the control circuit uses two pairs of control transistors, each pair having differing thresholds. One pair is P-channel and the other N-channel. These pairs are in parallel, the P-channel pair connected to the positive supply and the N-channel pair to the negative supply or ground. Each pair is connected in a cascode arrangement, producing two control voltages for two symmetrical output transistors in the output circuit, one N-channel and one P-channel.
    • 恒流发生器电路包括输出电路和控制电路,控制电路产生控制电压以限定通过输出电路的参考电流。 一个重要的特征是控制电路在产生控制电压时使用具有不同阈值电压的一对晶体管。 该电路使用CMOS技术形成,并且阈值电压的差异可以通过掺杂N沟道或P沟道场效应晶体管的多晶硅栅极产生。 掺杂产生阈值电压变化的步骤与CMOS器件的标准处理兼容。 在优选实施例中,控制电路使用两对控制晶体管,每对控制晶体管具有不同的阈值。 一对是P通道和另一个N通道。 这些对并联,P沟道对连接到正电源,N沟道对连接到负电源或地。 每对以串联布置连接,为输出电路中的两个对称输出晶体管产生两个控制电压,一个N沟道和一个P沟道。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Line fault detection system with a differential driver
    • 线路故障检测系统带差分驱动器
    • US5418484A
    • 1995-05-23
    • US87825
    • 1993-07-01
    • David W. BlumJohn E. Gersbach
    • David W. BlumJohn E. Gersbach
    • H03K17/66H04L25/02H03K3/00H03K17/56H03K17/60
    • H04L25/0272H03K17/661H04L25/028H04L25/0278H04L25/0292
    • This is a detector system comprised of a differential driver circuit, a driver output stage and splitter circuit and a multiplexor. The driver circuit employs a bridge circuit that converts input logic voltages to lower voltage differential outputs by utilizing a pair of current switch transistors coupled to the bridge circuit. The bridge circuit is comprised of cross coupled transistors whose inputs are coupled to matched true and complement input logic voltages that swing between zero volts and the power supply voltage. The bridge transistors convert the differential logic input voltage swings to smaller values that are compatible with driving the splitter and multiplexor circuits coupled thereto. The driver circuit and the splitter circuit share the driver output transistors which are arranged in parallel pairs. These pairs are coupled to respective output lines whose physical state is to be determined and to the multiplexor which is an emitter coupled switch coupled to emitter follower transistors which are, in turn, connected to respective output lines so that the output voltage of the output transistors can be used to determine if the output lines are open.
    • 这是由差分驱动器电路,驱动器输出级和分离器电路和多路复用器组成的检测器系统。 驱动器电路采用桥式电路,其通过利用耦合到桥式电路的一对电流开关晶体管将输入逻辑电压转换为较低电压差分输出。 桥式电路由交叉耦合晶体管组成,其输入耦合到在零伏特和电源电压之间摆动的匹配的真和补输入逻辑电压。 桥式晶体管将差分逻辑输入电压摆幅转换为与驱动与其耦合的分路器和多路复用器电路兼容的较小值。 驱动器电路和分离器电路共享并联布置的驱动器输出晶体管。 这些对耦合到要确定其物理状态的相应输出线,并耦合到耦合到射极跟随器晶体管的发射极耦合开关的多路复用器,该发射极耦合开关又连接到相应的输出线,使得输出晶体管的输出电压 可以用来确定输出线是否打开。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Phase and frequency adjustable digital phase lock logic system
    • 相位和频率可调数字锁相逻辑系统
    • US5245637A
    • 1993-09-14
    • US815810
    • 1991-12-30
    • John E. GersbachIlya I. Novof
    • John E. GersbachIlya I. Novof
    • H03L7/081H04L7/033
    • H04L7/0338H03L7/0814
    • A phase lock logic system is provided for (i) determining differences in phase and frequency of a received composite clock and data signal with respect to a local clock signal and (ii) providing control signals to enable accurate sampling and reconstruction of the received data. The system includes a delay element which outputs a plurality of phase-delayed signals each being incrementally shifted in phase from the local clock signal. A sorting circuit receives the phase-delayed local clock signals and the incoming composite signal, defines a number of time intervals in each cycle of the local clock signal equal to the number of phase-delayed local clock signals, and sorts positive and negative going transitions in the received composite signal into the defined time intervals. Counters indicate the number of transitions occurring during a selected time interval. A logic circuit reads the counters, determines the differences in frequency and phase of the received composite signal with respect to the local clock signal, and outputs first and second control signals. A barrel shifter responsive to the first control signal selects which of the counters counts the number of transitions occurring in a given time interval. A multiplexer responsive to the first and second control signals extracts the phase-delayed local clock signal which most closely approximates the phase and frequency of the received composite signal. A regenerator compares the extracted signal to the received composite signal and outputs regenerated data.
    • 提供了一种锁相逻辑系统,用于(i)确定接收到的复合时钟和数据信号相对于本地时钟信号的相位和频率的差异,以及(ii)提供控制信号以使接收数据的精确采样和重构。 该系统包括延迟元件,该延迟元件输出多个相位延迟的信号,每个相位延迟的信号各自相对于本地时钟信号递增地移位。 分类电路接收相位延迟的本地时钟信号和输入的复合信号,定义本地时钟信号的每个周期中的等于相位延迟的本地时钟信号的数量的时间间隔,并且对正和负的过渡转换 在接收的复合信号中进入定义的时间间隔。 计数器指示在所选时间间隔内发生的转换次数。 逻辑电路读取计数器,确定接收到的复合信号相对于本地时钟信号的频率和相位差,并输出第一和第二控制信号。 响应于第一控制信号的桶形移位器选择哪个计数器计数在给定时间间隔内发生的转换次数。 响应于第一和第二控制信号的多路复用器提取最接近接收的复合信号的相位和频率的相位延迟本地时钟信号。 再生器将所提取的信号与接收到的复合信号进行比较,并输出再生数据。