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1. 发明授权

US5377026A Modulator using the linear electro-optic effect of liquid crystals 失效
标题翻译：调制器采用液晶线性电光效应
公开(公告)号：US5377026A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US938997
申请日：1992-09-02
申请人： Jian-Yu Liu , Kristina M. Johnson , Michael G. Robinson
发明人： Jian-Yu Liu , Kristina M. Johnson , Michael G. Robinson
IPC分类号： G02F1/1333 , G02F1/139 , G02F1/19 , G02F1/1335 , G02F1/13 , G02F1/1343 , G02F1/137
CPC分类号： G02F1/1326 , G02F1/139 , G02F1/195 , G02F2203/055
摘要： This invention provides an electro-optic modulator which, in some embodiments, utilizes the linear electro-optic effect in liquid crystal materials. The liquid crystal modulator of this invention comprises a chiral smectic liquid crystal cell with electrodes to supply an electric field in a direction with a nonzero linear electro-optic coefficient, and means to suppress change in the tilt angle and azimuthal angle of the liquid crystal molecular directors. The response time of the linear electro-optic effect modulators of this invention is in the nanosecond range or faster. This modulator can be employed in Fabry-Perot or waveguide devices to provide increased modulation via multiple passes. This invention further provides for prism-coupling of light into or out of the waveguide structure whereby the modulator provides amplitude modulation, tunable filtering, or both. The prism-coupled waveguide filter is further provided for any electro-optic material, not limited to liquid crystals, and any electro-optic modulation mechanism, not limited to the linear electro-optic effect.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种在一些实施例中利用液晶材料中的线性电光效应的电光调制器。本发明的液晶调制器包括具有电极以非零线性电光系数的方向提供电场的手性近晶液晶单元，以及抑制液晶分子的倾斜角和方位角变化的装置董事。本发明的线性电光效应调节剂的响应时间在纳秒范围内或更快。该调制器可用于法布里 - 珀罗或波导器件，以通过多次通过提供增加的调制。本发明进一步提供了将光耦合到波导结构中或从波导结构中耦合，由此调制器提供幅度调制，可调谐滤波或两者。棱镜耦合波导滤波器进一步提供用于不限于液晶的任何电光材料，以及不限于线性电光效应的任何电光调制机构。

2. 发明授权

US5781268A Polarization-insensitive fabry-perot tunable filter 失效
标题翻译：极化不敏感的fabry-perot可调滤波器
公开(公告)号：US5781268A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US629976
申请日：1996-04-09
申请人： Jian-Yu Liu , Charles S. Wong , Kristina M. Johnson , Gary D. Sharp
发明人： Jian-Yu Liu , Charles S. Wong , Kristina M. Johnson , Gary D. Sharp
IPC分类号： G02F1/13363 , G02F1/21 , G02F1/1335 , G02F1/139
CPC分类号： G02F1/216 , G02F2001/133638 , G02F2203/06
摘要： This invention provides polarization-independent optical filters that are Fabry-Perot filters. The inventive filters incorporate a phase modulator within the FP cavity and two quarter-wave plates, one on either side of the phase modulator, in the cavity. The quarter-wave plates are perpendicular to each other and oriented at .+-.45.degree. with respect to the optic axis of the phase modulator. A variety of phase modulators including those that incorporate nematic and smectic liquid crystal optical modulators can be employed in these FP filters. The filters of this invention are particularly useful in fiber optic systems and in telecommunications applications at 1550 nm.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了法布里 - 珀罗滤波器的偏振非依赖光滤波器。本发明的滤光器在FP空腔内并入相位调制器，在空腔中包括两个1/4波片，一个位于相位调制器的两侧。四分之一波片彼此垂直并相对于相位调制器的光轴定向在+/- 45°。包括向列型和近晶型液晶光调制器的各种相位调制器可用于这些FP滤波器。本发明的滤波器在1550nm的光纤系统和电信应用中特别有用。

3. 发明授权

US5493426A Lateral electrode smectic liquid crystal devices 失效
标题翻译：侧面电极近晶体液晶装置
公开(公告)号：US5493426A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-20
申请号：US056415
申请日：1993-05-03
申请人： Kristina M. Johnson , Anat Sneh , Jian-Yu Liu , Gary D. Sharp
发明人： Kristina M. Johnson , Anat Sneh , Jian-Yu Liu , Gary D. Sharp
IPC分类号： G02F1/13 , G02F1/1335 , G02F1/13363 , G02F1/1337 , G02F1/1343 , G02F1/1347 , G02F1/135 , G02F1/137 , G02F1/139 , G02F1/141 , G02F1/21 , G02F1/133
CPC分类号： G02F1/1418 , G02F1/13471 , G02F1/135 , G02F1/141 , G02F1/216 , G02F1/134309 , G02F1/134363 , G02F1/13439 , G02F2001/133638 , G02F2001/133738 , G02F2001/133742 , G02F2203/05 , G02F2203/055 , G02F2203/06 , G02F2203/50
摘要： This invention provides smectic liquid crystal cells with lateral electrodes. The effective change in refractive index with field-induced tilting of the liquid crystal molecules is increased by providing an angle between the direction of propagation of light and the direction of the molecular directors at zero applied field. For homeotropically aligned liquid crystals this is accomplished by inclining the incident light beam at an oblique angle to the device surface. For tilted layer cells the liquid crystal layers are tilted and the light can impinge at normal incidence. This invention further provides Fabry-Perot filters utilizing lateral electrode liquid crystal cells.
摘要翻译：本发明提供具有横向电极的近晶液晶单元。通过在零施加场处提供光的传播方向和分子导向器的方向之间的角度来增加液晶分子的场致倾斜的折射率的有效变化。对于垂直取向的液晶，这是通过使入射光束以与设备表面成倾斜角倾斜来实现的。对于倾斜层细胞，液晶层倾斜，并且光可以以正常入射的方式入射。本发明还提供了利用横向电极液晶单元的法布里 - 珀罗滤波器。

4. 发明授权

US5361320A Liquid crystal fiber waveguide 失效
标题翻译：液晶光纤波导
公开(公告)号：US5361320A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-01
申请号：US19856
申请日：1993-02-19
申请人： Jian-Yu Liu , Kristina M. Johnson
发明人： Jian-Yu Liu , Kristina M. Johnson
IPC分类号： G02B6/032 , G02F1/1333 , G02F1/383 , G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G02B6/032 , G02F1/1326 , G02F1/383
摘要： This invention provides a fiber waveguide with a liquid crystal core. The liquid crystals are aligned in layers with molecular directors approximately parallel to each other. An electric field can be applied to the liquid crystal core to provide linear and nonlinear optical modulation. Alone or in combination with polarizers, reflectors, and birefringent elements, the waveguide of this invention provides phase, polarization and intensity modulation, spectral filtering, and second harmonic generation.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种具有液晶芯的光纤波导。液晶以分子导向器大致彼此平行的方式排列。可以将电场施加到液晶芯以提供线性和非线性光学调制。本发明的波导单独或与偏振器，反射器和双折射元件组合，提供了相位，极化和强度调制，光谱滤波和二次谐波生成。

5. 发明授权

US5510914A Smectic liquid crystal analog phase modulator 失效
标题翻译：近晶液晶模拟相位调制器
公开(公告)号：US5510914A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-23
申请号：US153079
申请日：1993-11-15
申请人： Jian-Yu Liu , Kristina M. Johnson
发明人： Jian-Yu Liu , Kristina M. Johnson
IPC分类号： G02F1/141 , G02F1/1343 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/03 , G02F1/13
CPC分类号： G02F1/141
摘要： This invention provides analog phase modulators comprising smetic liquid crystal cells wherein the layers are specifically not aligned perpendicular to the cell walls. The layers are either tilted with respect to the substrate or are in a chevron structure. Application of an analog electric field perpendicular to the cell walls bends the molecules in an analog fashion in a plane not parallel to the cell walls and thereby provides analog phase modulation of incident light. Analog phase modulation can not be directly provided by the surface-stabilized smectic liquid crystal cells known in the art, nor can analog tilting of SmC* liquid crystals be achieved. This invention further provides Fabry-Perot devices containing these analog phase modulators within the resonance cavity. The filter of this invention is optimally suited for wavelength-division multiplexing in photonic networks. It has high throughput, large tuning range, high resolution, and high modulation speed. The filter requires only small applied electric fields and has a very simple and inexpensive processing procedure.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了模拟相位调制器，其包括精细液晶单元，其中这些层特别地不垂直于单元壁排列。这些层相对于基底倾斜或者是人字形结构。垂直于细胞壁的模拟电场的应用以模拟方式将分子弯曲成不平行于细胞壁的平面，从而提供入射光的模拟相位调制。模拟相位调制不能由本领域已知的表面稳定的近晶液晶单元直接提供，也不能实现SmC *液晶的模拟倾斜。本发明进一步提供了在谐振腔内含有这些模拟相位调制器的法布里 - 珀罗器件。本发明的滤波器最适合于光子网络中的波分复用。它具有高吞吐量，大调谐范围，高分辨率和高调制速度。该过滤器只需要小的施加电场，并且具有非常简单和便宜的处理过程。

6. 发明授权

US6166838A Optical add/drop wavelength switch 失效
公开(公告)号：US6166838A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-26
申请号：US36202
申请日：1998-03-06
申请人： Jian-Yu Liu , Kuang-Yi Wu
发明人： Jian-Yu Liu , Kuang-Yi Wu
IPC分类号： G02F1/31 , G02B6/293 , G02B6/34 , H04B10/02 , H04J14/00 , H04J14/02 , H04Q3/52 , H04Q11/00 , H04J14/06
CPC分类号： G02B6/29302 , G02B6/272 , G02B6/2766 , G02B6/29383 , H04J14/0212 , H04J14/06 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0009 , H04Q2011/0016 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0035
摘要： An optical add/drop wavelength switch is controllably changed from a bridge state, in which output is identical to input, e.g. a Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) input, and an add/drop state, In which a signal input to an add port is substituted for a particular wavelength subrange of the WDM input, other wavelengths of the WDM input being unchanged. In one embodiment, the wavelength subrange of the WDM signal is given a polarization different from other wavelengths of the WDM, such as by using a stacked waveplate or other optical filter or polarization discriminator. The differently-polarized wavelengths can the be spatially separated, e.g. by a birefringent element or a polarization beam splitter, preferably In a bit-controlled fashion, such as by using a liquid crystal or other polarization controller. Polarization controllers and discriminators can be used similarly to selectably align or combine the add signal with the portion of the WDM signal outside the subrange. The add/drop wavelength switch can be used, e.g. In an optical token ring network and/or to make-up an optical crossbar for exchanging any arbitrarily designatable channels, e.g. among a plurality of multi-channel optical fibers.

7. 发明授权

US06137606A Optical wavelength router 失效
标题翻译：光波长路由器
公开(公告)号：US06137606A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US411935
申请日：1999-10-04
申请人： Kuang-Yi Wu , Jian-Yu Liu
发明人： Kuang-Yi Wu , Jian-Yu Liu
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02F1/31 , H04B10/02 , H04B10/28 , H04J14/00 , H04J14/02 , H04J14/06 , H04Q11/00 , H04B14/02 , G02F1/03
CPC分类号： H04J14/0289 , G02B6/272 , G02B6/29302 , G02B6/29395 , G02F1/31 , H04J14/0209 , H04J14/0212 , H04Q11/0003 , H04Q11/0005 , G02B6/29386 , H04J14/0201 , H04J14/0291 , H04J14/06 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0032 , H04Q2011/0035
摘要： A programmable wavelength router having a plurality of cascaded stages where each stage receives one or more optical signals comprising a plurality of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) channels. Each stage divides the received optical signals into divided optical signals comprising a subset of the channels and spatially positions the divided optical signals in response to a control signal applied to each stage. Preferably each stage divides a received WDM signal into two subsets that are either single channel or WDM signals. A final stage outputs optical signals at desired locations. In this manner, 2.sup.N optical signals in a WDM signal can be spatially separated and permuted using N control signals.
摘要翻译：一种具有多个级联级的可编程波长路由器，其中每个级接收包括多个波分复用（WDM）信道的一个或多个光信号。每个级将接收到的光信号划分成包括信道子集的分割光信号，并且响应于施加到每个级的控制信号对分割的光信号进行空间位置。每个级别优选地将接收的WDM信号划分为单个信道或WDM信号的两个子集。最终阶段在期望的位置输出光信号。以这种方式，WDM信号中的2N个光信号可以使用N个控制信号在空间上分离和置换。

8. 发明授权

US5963291A Optical attenuator using polarization modulation and a feedback controller 失效
标题翻译：使用偏振调制的光衰减器和反馈控制器
公开(公告)号：US5963291A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-05
申请号：US897353
申请日：1997-07-21
申请人： Kuang-Yi Wu , Jian-Yu Liu , Yen-Chen Chen
发明人： Kuang-Yi Wu , Jian-Yu Liu , Yen-Chen Chen
IPC分类号： G02F1/03 , G02F1/133 , G02F1/13363 , G02F1/1347 , G02F1/139 , G02F1/31 , G02F1/13 , G02B27/10
CPC分类号： G02F1/31 , G02F1/0311 , G02F1/0322 , G02F1/13318 , G02F1/13363 , G02F1/13471 , G02F1/1393 , G02F2203/48
摘要： An optical power regulator employs a variable optical attenuator having a first birefringent element that spatially separates the input optical beam into two orthogonally-polarized beams. Both beams pass through a polarization modulator (e.g., a liquid crystal material) that rotates their polarizations to an extent determined by the control voltage applied across the polarization modulator. A final birefringent element spatially separates both beams exiting the polarization modulator into two pairs of orthogonally-polarized beams (i.e., two horizontally-polarized and two vertically-polarized components). The thicknesses and optical properties of the birefringent elements are selected so that two of the four beams are combined by the final birefringent element to exit at the output port of the regulator, while the remaining two beams are blocked. As a result, the degree of attenuation is determined by the degree of polarization rotation by the polarization modulator, which in turn is a function of the control voltage applied to the polarization modulator. Preferably, the liquid crystal material used in the polarization modulator has a high optical birefringence and a low dielectric anisotropy, which results in a relatively shallow attenuation curve as a function of applied voltage. The intensity of the optical signal is measured by a photodetector and used by a controller to output the control voltage applied to the liquid crystal material to maintain a desired optical power level at the output port of the regulator.
摘要翻译：光功率调节器采用具有第一双折射元件的可变光衰减器，其将输入光束空间分离成两个正交偏振光束。两个光束通过偏振调制器（例如，液晶材料），其将它们的极化旋转到由施加在偏振调制器上的控制电压确定的程度。最终的双折射元件将离开偏振调制器的两个光束空间分离成两对正交偏振光束（即两个水平极化和两个垂直极化分量）。选择双折射元件的厚度和光学性质，使得四个光束中的两个由最终双折射元件组合以在调节器的输出端口处离开，而剩余的两个光束被阻挡。结果，衰减程度由偏振调制器的偏振旋转程度确定，偏振调制器又是施加到偏振调制器的控制电压的函数。优选地，在偏振调制器中使用的液晶材料具有高的光学双折射和低介电各向异性，这导致作为施加电压的函数的相对浅的衰减曲线。光信号的强度由光电检测器测量，并被控制器用来输出施加到液晶材料的控制电压，以便在调节器的输出端口处保持期望的光功率电平。

9. 发明授权

US06426816B1 Wide transmission optical comb filter with wide pass band and wide stop band 失效
标题翻译：宽传输光梳滤波器，宽通带宽宽阻带
公开(公告)号：US06426816B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-30
申请号：US09614782
申请日：2000-07-12
申请人： Kuang-Yi Wu , Charles Wong , Jian-Yu Liu , Ye Li
发明人： Kuang-Yi Wu , Charles Wong , Jian-Yu Liu , Ye Li
IPC分类号： H04J1406
CPC分类号： H04J14/02
摘要： The inventive filter forms a four filtering stage device from two filtering stages and a reflective stage. This greatly reduces the noise level in a WDM signal, wherein the signal is one of the odd channels and the even channels, while the noise is present on the other of the odd channels and the even channels. The first stage separates the WDM signal and noise into their polarization components, rotates the components of one of the signal and the noise, and recombines the components of the signal, while blocking a portion of the noise. This output is passed to the second stage which repeats the operation of the first stage. The output of the second stage is then reflected by the reflecting stage back to the second stage, and subsequently the first stage, for processing in reverse order. The inventive filter, via the mirror in the reflecting stage, reduce dispersion of the light during processing.
摘要翻译：本发明的滤波器从两个滤波级和反射级形成四个滤波级装置。这大大降低了WDM信号中的噪声电平，其中信号是奇数通道和偶数通道之一，而噪声存在于奇数通道和偶数通道中的另一个上。第一级将WDM信号和噪声分离成它们的偏振分量，旋转信号和噪声之一的分量，并重新组合信号的分量，同时阻挡噪声的一部分。该输出被传递到重复第一阶段的操作的第二阶段。然后第二级的输出被反射级反射回到第二级，随后被反射到第一级，以相反的顺序进行处理。本发明的滤光器通过反射级中的反射镜减少了处理过程中光的分散。

10. 发明授权

US06337934B1 NxN switch array with polarization displacer 有权
标题翻译：带偏振置换器的NxN开关阵列
公开(公告)号：US06337934B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-08
申请号：US09627952
申请日：2000-07-28
申请人： Kuang-Yi Wu , Jian-Yu Liu
发明人： Kuang-Yi Wu , Jian-Yu Liu
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , G02B6/272 , G02B6/2766 , G02B6/29395 , G02B6/3594 , G02F1/31 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0035 , H04Q2011/0058 , H04Q2011/006
摘要： Switch arrays are provided with controllable polarization modifiers and polarization-dependent diverters, such as one or more polarization beam splitters, for configuring switch arrays which can reduce or eliminate the need for optical fibers in the switch arrays. In one embodiment, input positions configured in a first preferably planar (e.g., horizontal) configuration are routed to one or more of a corresponding plurality of output positions which are configured in a different arrangement such as in an orthogonal (e.g., vertical) planar arrangement. Preferably some or all of the polarization-related optical components, including components such as birefringent devices, liquid crystal polarization rotator arrays and/or polarization beam splitters are integrated so that one such device can be used in connection with a plurality of input and/or output beams.
摘要翻译：开关阵列设置有可控的偏振调节器和偏振相关的分流器，例如一个或多个偏振分束器，用于配置开关阵列，其可以减少或消除对开关阵列中的光纤的需要。在一个实施例中，以第一优选平面（例如，水平）配置配置的输入位置被路由到以不同布置配置的相应多个输出位置中的一个或多个，例如在正交（例如，垂直）平面布置。优选地，包括诸如双折射器件，液晶偏振旋转器阵列和/或偏振分束器的组件的偏振相关光学部件中的一些或全部是集成的，使得一个这样的器件可以结合多个输入和/或输出光束。

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