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1. 发明授权

US06884628B2 Multifunctional polymeric surface coatings in analytic and sensor devices 有权
标题翻译：分析和传感器设备中的多功能聚合物表面涂层
公开(公告)号：US06884628B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-26
申请号：US09560472
申请日：2000-04-28
申请人： Jeffrey A. Hubbell , Marcus Textor , Donald L. Elbert , Stephanie Finken , Rolf Hofer , Nicholas D. Spencer , Laurence Ruiz-Taylor
发明人： Jeffrey A. Hubbell , Marcus Textor , Donald L. Elbert , Stephanie Finken , Rolf Hofer , Nicholas D. Spencer , Laurence Ruiz-Taylor
IPC分类号： A61L27/34 , A61L31/10 , G01N33/543 , G01N33/551 , G01N33/53
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , A61B5/14546 , A61B5/1459 , A61L27/34 , A61L31/10 , G01N33/54373 , G01N33/54393 , G01N33/551 , Y10S435/815 , Y10S435/961 , Y10S435/969 , Y10S436/819 , Y10S436/823
摘要： Multifunctional, polyionic copolymers with molecular architectures and properties optimized for specific applications are synthesized on/or applied to substrate surfaces for analytical and sensing purposes. The coatings are particularly useful for suppression of non-specific interaction, adsorption or attachment of molecular or ionic components present in an analyte solution. Chemical, biochemical or biological groups that are able to recognize, interact with and bind specifically to target molecules in the material containing the analyte to be detected can be coupled to, integrated into, or absorbed to the multifunctional copolymers. These multifunctional copolymer coatings are compatible with a variety of different established methods to detect, sense and quantify the target molecule in an analyte. The multifunctional copolymer coatings typically include brush copolymers based on a polycationic or polyanionic (jointly referred to herein as ‘polyionic’) backbone with side chains that control interaction with the environment, such as poly(ethylene glycol) or poly(ethylene oxide)-based side chains that decrease cellular adhesion, and analyte-specific side chains. They can be used to pattern the surfaces into non-adhesive and specifically adhesive areas by applications of known techniques such as microfluidic or contact printing techniques.
摘要翻译：具有分子结构和针对特定应用优化的性能的多功能聚异戊二烯共聚物在/或应用于基材表面进行合成，用于分析和感测目的。涂层对于抑制分析物溶液中存在的分子或离子组分的非特异性相互作用，吸附或附着是特别有用的。能够识别，相互作用并且特异性结合含有待检测分析物的物质中的靶分子的化学，生物化学或生物学基团可与多功能共聚物偶联，整合或吸收。这些多功能共聚物涂层与各种不同的已知方法兼容，以检测，感测和定量分析物中的目标分子。多功能共聚物涂层通常包括基于聚阳离子或聚阴离子（共同称为“聚阴离子”）骨架的刷共聚物，侧链具有控制与环境相互作用的侧链，例如聚（乙二醇）或聚（环氧乙烷）减少细胞粘附的侧链和分析物特异性侧链。它们可用于通过已知技术如微流体或接触印刷技术的应用将表面图案化成非粘合性和特异性粘合剂区域。

2. 发明申请

US20140066343A1 LUBRICATION WITH OIL-COMPATIBLE POLYMER BRUSHES 有权
标题翻译：润滑与油相容的聚合物刷
公开(公告)号：US20140066343A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-06
申请号：US14113448
申请日：2012-04-03
申请人： Robert M. Bielecki , Edmondo M. Benetti , Nicholas D. Spencer
发明人： Robert M. Bielecki , Edmondo M. Benetti , Nicholas D. Spencer
IPC分类号： C10M107/28
CPC分类号： C10M107/28 , C09D133/08 , C10M177/00 , C10M2203/0206 , C10M2203/065 , C10M2207/0406 , C10M2207/2805 , C10M2207/401 , C10M2209/0845 , C10N2250/121 , C10N2270/00
摘要： A polymer-brush-based, surface-modification strategy for friction and wear reduction in hard contact under boundary-lubrication conditions is proposed, specifically for a non-aqueous environment. Surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerisation (SI-ATRP) was employed for the synthesis of three different oil-compatible, hydrophobic polymer brushes based on alkyl methacrylates. This study presents polymerisation kinetics, chemical characterization by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and surface morphologies observed in atomic force microscopy (AFM). The lubrication properties of the anchored polymers were evaluated macroscopically by means of ball-on-disk methods and on the nanonewton scale by lateral force microscopy (AFM/LFM) and showed significant reduction in friction up to contact pressures as high as 460 MPa. The frictional response of surface-grafted polymers is shown to depend strongly on the compatibility of the polymer with the chosen lubricating fluid. Their good tribological performances have also been proven with watchmaking lubricants. These results do make the prevent invention a suitable candidate for a watchmaking application (such as at the balance pivot or the escapement) in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of the movements.
摘要翻译：提出了一种基于聚合物刷的表面改性策略，用于在边界润滑条件下硬接触的摩擦和磨损降低，特别适用于非水环境。表面引发的原子转移自由基聚合（SI-ATRP）用于合成基于甲基丙烯酸烷基酯的三种不同的油相容的疏水性聚合物刷。本研究通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和原子力显微镜（AFM）观察到的表面形态，提出了聚合动力学，化学特征。锚定聚合物的润滑性能通过球盘法和纳米级尺度横向力显微镜（AFM / LFM）进行宏观评估，并显示高达460MPa的接触压力下的摩擦力显着降低。显示表面接枝聚合物的摩擦响应强烈依赖于聚合物与所选择的润滑流体的相容性。他们的良好的摩擦学性能也被制表润滑剂证明。这些结果确实使得防止发明成为制表应用（例如平衡枢轴或擒纵机构）的合适候选者，以便提高运动的效率和可靠性。

3. 发明授权

US07514150B2 Environmentally compatible additives for aqueous lubricants 有权
标题翻译：环保型水性润滑剂添加剂
公开(公告)号：US07514150B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-07
申请号：US10511121
申请日：2003-04-15
申请人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Seunghwan Lee
发明人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Seunghwan Lee
IPC分类号： B32B33/00
CPC分类号： C10M173/02 , C10M2209/104 , C10M2209/12 , C10M2217/023 , C10M2217/024 , C10M2217/044 , C10N2230/06 , C10N2230/56 , C10N2230/64 , C10N2260/06 , Y10T428/31678 , Y10T428/8305
摘要： Lubricating compositions, containing non-modified and modified multifunctional, polyionic copolymers and an aqueous lubricating medium, and methods for making and using such compositions are described herein. The lubricating compositions are applied to metal oxide surfaces, which are in contact with each other. The copolymers can serve as a surface protective boundary layer for the sliding surfaces, or they can also be used for the immobilization of further molecules, which can modify the tribological properties of the surfaces.
摘要翻译：本文描述了含有未改性和改性的多官能聚异戊二烯共聚物和水性润滑介质的润滑组合物，以及制备和使用这些组合物的方法。将润滑组合物施加到彼此接触的金属氧化物表面。共聚物可以用作滑动表面的表面保护性边界层，或者它们也可以用于固定其它分子，这可以改变表面的摩擦学性质。

4. 发明授权

US07854959B2 Controlled surface chemical gradients 失效
标题翻译：受控表面化学梯度
公开(公告)号：US07854959B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-21
申请号：US10814995
申请日：2004-03-31
申请人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Sara Maria Morgenthaler , Seunghwan Lee
发明人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Sara Maria Morgenthaler , Seunghwan Lee
IPC分类号： G01N1/31
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B01L3/5088 , B05D1/283 , B05D5/00 , B82Y40/00 , G01N13/02 , G01N33/5005 , G01N33/5029 , G01N33/52 , G01N2610/00
摘要： A simple and reproducible preparative method for the fabrication of surface-chemical gradients is described herein. Surface-chemical gradient films are prepared by using a liquid front in relative motion to the substrate (e.g. immersion by a linear-motion drive or the use of a spreading droplet) to gradually expose substrate samples to very dilute solutions of adsorbates. As demonstrated by XPS, the self-assembled monolayer gradients produced in this way display a high packing density. This method can be used in the preparation of other gradients of various chemical or biochemical functionalities in one or two dimensions. Such gradients can be used in a wide variety of applications in such diverse areas as cell motility studies, nanotribology research, and high-throughput screening.
摘要翻译：本文描述了用于制造表面化学梯度的简单且可重现的制备方法。通过使用与基底相对运动的液体前沿（例如通过线性运动驱动的浸入或使用扩散液滴）来制备表面化学梯度膜，以逐渐将底物样品暴露于非常稀的吸附物溶液。如XPS所证明的，以这种方式生产的自组装单层梯度显示出高的堆积密度。该方法可用于制备一维或二维各种化学或生物化学功能的其他梯度。这种梯度可以用于各种领域，例如细胞运动性研究，纳米技术研究和高通量筛选。

5. 发明授权

US5023067A Manufacturing method for ceramics and products thereof 失效
标题翻译：陶瓷及其制品的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5023067A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-11
申请号：US237268
申请日：1988-08-26
申请人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Wie-Hin Pan , John A. Rudesill
发明人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Wie-Hin Pan , John A. Rudesill
IPC分类号： C04B35/00 , B32B18/00 , C01B13/18 , C01B13/36 , C01G3/00 , C01G5/00 , C01G7/00 , C01G51/00 , C04B35/45 , H01L39/12 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： B32B18/00 , C01B13/363 , C01G3/006 , C01G5/006 , C01G51/68 , C01G7/006 , C04B35/4504 , C04B35/4508 , H01L39/126 , H01L39/248 , C01P2002/34 , C01P2002/36 , C01P2002/54 , C01P2006/40 , C01P2006/80 , C04B2235/6567 , C04B2235/658 , C04B2237/34 , C04B2237/343 , Y10S505/738
摘要： An extremely pure oxide containing two or more metals, homogeneous at the atomic level, is prepared by (1) reacting in water, soluble salts of two or more metals with quaternary ammonium carbonate; the metals being those that form water-insoluble carbonates, thereby to precipitate mixed carbonates of the metals; (2) recovering and drying the precipitate; (3) calcining the precipitate to provide an oxide of mixed metals homogeneous at the atomic level and substantially free from extraneous contaminants. The calcined oxide can be shaped and compressed as greenware and sintered to form useful ceramic products.
摘要翻译：含有两种或更多种原子含量均匀的金属的极纯氧化物是通过（1）在水中，两种或多种金属的可溶性盐与碳酸季铵反应而制备的; 金属是形成水不溶性碳酸盐的金属，从而沉淀金属的混合碳酸盐; （2）回收和干燥沉淀物; （3）煅烧沉淀物以提供在原子级别均匀且基本上不含外来污染物的混合金属的氧化物。煅烧氧化物可以成形并压缩成绿色软件并烧结形成有用的陶瓷产品。

6. 发明授权

US5002926A Ceramic composition 失效
标题翻译：陶瓷组成
公开(公告)号：US5002926A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-26
申请号：US201988
申请日：1988-06-03
申请人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Leonard E. Dolhert
发明人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Leonard E. Dolhert
IPC分类号： C01G3/00 , C01G5/00 , C01G7/00 , C04B35/45 , H01L39/12 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： C01G5/006 , C01G3/006 , C01G7/006 , C04B35/4504 , H01L39/125 , H01L39/126 , H01L39/2419 , C01P2006/60 , Y10S505/738 , Y10S505/783
摘要： Improved process for making Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu oxide superconductors. A solution of the nitrated of Ca, Ba, and Cu is reacted with a quaternary ammonium carbonate in a slurry (heel) of Tl.sub.2 O.sub.3. Carbonates of Ca, Ba, and Cu precipitate homogeneously on the Tl.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles. Solids are recovered, dried, and heated to make a superconductor. The method minimizes introdution of contaminants. Novel compositions result.
摘要翻译：制备Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu氧化物超导体的改进方法。将Ca，Ba和Cu的硝酸盐溶液与Tl 2 O 3的浆料（后跟）中的碳酸季铵反应。 Ca，Ba和Cu的碳酸盐均匀地沉积在Tl2O3颗粒上。固体被回收，干燥和加热以制成超导体。该方法最大限度地减少污染物的引入。结果新颖。

7. 发明授权

US4997810A Vibratory calcination of inorganic oxide superconductor precursor powders 失效
标题翻译：无机氧化物超导体前体粉末的振动煅烧
公开(公告)号：US4997810A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-05
申请号：US417603
申请日：1989-10-05
申请人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Jean W. Beeckman
发明人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Jean W. Beeckman
IPC分类号： B01J6/00 , C01B13/14 , C01G3/00
CPC分类号： B01J6/001 , C01B13/145 , C01G3/006 , C01P2002/72 , Y10S505/725 , Y10S505/736 , Y10S505/742
摘要： An inorganic powder is vibrated while being calcined. The vibrations suspend the powder as in a conventional gas-fluidized system, without clumping, but without loss of fines. As applied to superconductor precursor powders, the treatment accelerates growth of the superconducting phase. The invention includes a novel furnace system for simultaneously heating and vibrating the powders.
摘要翻译：无机粉末在煅烧时振动。如常规气体流化系统中的振动使粉末悬浮，而不会结块，但不损失细粉。当应用于超导体前体粉末时，处理加速了超导相的生长。本发明包括一种用于同时加热和振动粉末的新型炉系统。

8. 发明授权

US09441177B2 Lubrication with oil-compatible polymer brushes 有权
标题翻译：润滑与油相容的聚合物刷
公开(公告)号：US09441177B2
公开(公告)日：2016-09-13
申请号：US14113448
申请日：2012-04-03
申请人： Robert M. Bielecki , Edmondo M. Benetti , Nicholas D. Spencer
发明人： Robert M. Bielecki , Edmondo M. Benetti , Nicholas D. Spencer
IPC分类号： C10M107/28 , C09D133/08 , C10M177/00
CPC分类号： C10M107/28 , C09D133/08 , C10M177/00 , C10M2203/0206 , C10M2203/065 , C10M2207/0406 , C10M2207/2805 , C10M2207/401 , C10M2209/0845 , C10N2250/121 , C10N2270/00
摘要： A polymer-brush-based, surface-modification strategy for friction and wear reduction in hard contact under boundary-lubrication conditions is proposed, specifically for a non-aqueous environment. Surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (SI-ATRP) was employed for the synthesis of three different oil-compatible, hydrophobic polymer brushes based on alkyl methacrylates. This study presents polymerization kinetics, chemical characterization by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and surface morphologies observed in atomic force microscopy (AFM). The lubrication properties of the anchored polymers were evaluated macroscopically by means of ball-on-disk methods and on the nanonewton scale by lateral force microscopy (AFM/LFM) and showed significant reduction in friction up to contact pressures as high as 460 MPa. The frictional response of surface-grafted polymers is shown to depend strongly on the compatibility of the polymer with the chosen lubricating fluid. Their good tribological performances have also been proven with watchmaking lubricants. These results do make the prevent invention a suitable candidate for a watchmaking application (such as at the balance pivot or the escapement) in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of the movements.
摘要翻译：提出了一种基于聚合物刷的表面改性策略，用于在边界润滑条件下硬接触的摩擦和磨损降低，特别适用于非水环境。表面引发的原子转移自由基聚合（SI-ATRP）用于合成基于甲基丙烯酸烷基酯的三种不同的油相容性疏水性聚合物刷。本研究通过傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和原子力显微镜（AFM）观察到的表面形态，提出了聚合动力学，化学特征。锚定聚合物的润滑性能通过球盘法和纳米级尺度横向力显微镜（AFM / LFM）进行宏观评估，并显示高达460MPa的接触压力下的摩擦力显着降低。显示表面接枝聚合物的摩擦响应强烈依赖于聚合物与所选择的润滑流体的相容性。他们的良好的摩擦学性能也被制表润滑剂证明。这些结果确实使得防止发明成为制表应用（例如平衡枢轴或擒纵机构）的合适候选者，以便提高运动的效率和可靠性。

9. 发明授权

US5149682A Manufacturing method for superconducting ceramics and products thereof 失效
标题翻译：超导陶瓷的制造方法及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5149682A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-22
申请号：US155340
申请日：1988-02-12
申请人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Wie H. Pan , John Rudesill
发明人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Wie H. Pan , John Rudesill
IPC分类号： B32B18/00 , C01G3/00 , C01G5/00 , C01G7/00 , C04B35/45 , H01L39/12 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/248 , C01G3/006 , C01G5/006 , C01G7/006 , C04B35/4504 , C04B35/4508 , H01L39/126 , Y10S505/738 , Y10S505/78 , Y10S505/785
摘要： Superior homogeneity in ceramic materials is achieved by reacting certain soluble metal salts with quaternary ammonium carbonates to form co-precipitated metal carbonates. The precipitate can be recovered and processed to make superconductors. For example, a solution of nitrates of yttrium, barium, and copper are treated with a solution of tetraethyl ammonium carbonate to form co-precipitated carbonates of Y, Ba, Cu. The precipitate is recovered and calcined to form a superconducting material.
摘要翻译：通过使某些可溶性金属盐与碳酸季铵反应形成共沉淀的金属碳酸盐来实现陶瓷材料的均匀性。可以回收和处理沉淀物以制备超导体。例如，用四乙基碳酸铵溶液处理钇，钡和铜的硝酸盐溶液，形成Y，Ba，Cu的共沉淀碳酸盐。回收沉淀物并煅烧以形成超导材料。

10. 发明授权

US4607127A Process and catalyst for the production of formaldehyde from methane 失效
公开(公告)号：US4607127A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-19
申请号：US723680
申请日：1985-04-16
申请人： Nicholas D. Spencer
发明人： Nicholas D. Spencer
IPC分类号： B01J23/28 , C07C45/00 , C07C45/33 , C07C47/048 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： B01J23/28 , C07C45/33
摘要： Formaldehyde is made from methane and a molecular oxygen containing gas by using a silica supported catalyst having less than 350 parts per million by weight of sodium and having a catalytically effective amount of MoO.sub.3. The low sodium form of the silica support can be made by washing silica gel or precipitated silica, by using a fumed silica or by making an ultrapure form of silica having a silica purity of at least 99.99% silica. The ultrapure form can be made by the hydrolysis of silicon tetraalkoxides. In general, the lower the sodium level, the better is the catalyst.

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