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1. 发明授权

US5457088A Process for the preparation of a semiconductor from an oxalate 失效
标题翻译：从草酸盐制备半导体的方法
公开(公告)号：US5457088A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-10
申请号：US579480
申请日：1990-09-07
申请人： Winfried Becker
发明人： Winfried Becker
IPC分类号： C04B35/00 , C01G1/00 , C01G3/00 , C01G15/00 , C01G21/00 , C01G23/00 , C04B35/45 , C04B35/64 , H01B12/00 , H01L39/24 , C04B35/505
CPC分类号： C01G3/006 , C01G15/006 , C01G21/006 , C04B35/4504 , C04B35/4508 , C04B35/4512 , H01L39/2477 , C01P2004/62 , Y10S505/738
摘要： To prepare a phase-pure, ceramic oxide superconductor which contains, in addition to copper, at least one alkaline earth metal from the group comprising Ba, Sr and Ca, and at least one metal from the group comprising Y, La, Tl, Pb and the rare earths, for example of YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-x, a solution is prepared which contains the metal components in the atomic ratios of the superconductor. The metals are precipitated as oxalates by combining this solution with an oxalic acid solution, the mixture of the oxalates is separated off, dried and decomposed to form the oxides, and the latter are subsequently sintered at temperatures of from 700.degree. to 900.degree. C. in the presence of oxygen to form the superconductor. In this process, the heating of the metal oxalates and the oxides formed therefrom up to 700.degree. C. is carried out at a maximum oxygen partial pressure of 50 mbar, preferably in an inert gas.
摘要翻译：为了制备相纯铜陶瓷氧化物超导体，除了铜之外，还包含至少一种碱土金属，其包含Ba，Sr和Ca，以及至少一种金属，其包含Y，La，Tl，Pb 并且稀土，例如YBa2Cu3O7-x，制备了包含超导体原子比的金属组分的溶液。通过将该溶液与草酸溶液组合来将金属沉淀为草酸盐，将草酸盐的混合物分离出来，干燥并分解形成氧化物，随后将其在700-900℃的温度下烧结。在氧气存在下形成超导体。在该方法中，将金属草酸盐及其形成的氧化物加热至700℃，最大氧分压为50毫巴，优选在惰性气体中进行。

2. 发明授权

US5223480A Method of preparation of silver composite high temperature ceramic superconductors by precipitation 失效
标题翻译：通过沉淀制备银复合高温陶瓷超导体的方法
公开(公告)号：US5223480A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US689226
申请日：1991-04-22
申请人： Ashok K. Agarwala , Paul A. Christian , Kenneth B. Quinn
发明人： Ashok K. Agarwala , Paul A. Christian , Kenneth B. Quinn
IPC分类号： C01G5/00 , C04B35/45 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/2419 , C01G5/006 , C04B35/4508 , Y10S505/737 , Y10S505/738 , Y10S505/785
摘要： A novel method for forming homogeneous silver high temperature superconductor (HTS) composites. The novel method comprises a chemical coprecipitation of silver, barium, yttrium, and copper salts solutions, followed by calcination and milling processes. The novel method has an advantage of retaining all the virtues immanent in a composite HTS, for example, increased critical current density (Jc), and improved mechanical properties, while bypassing extant and deficient methodologies for forming a composite, the deficient composites characterized by heterogeneity.
摘要翻译：一种形成均相银高温超导体（HTS）复合材料的新方法。该新方法包括银，钡，钇和铜盐溶液的化学共沉淀，随后煅烧和研磨过程。该新方法具有保留复合HTS中所有优点的优点，例如增加的临界电流密度（Jc）和改进的机械性能，同时绕过形成复合材料的现有和缺陷方法，以异质性为特征的缺陷复合材料。

3. 发明授权

US5147848A Precipitation process for forming Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductors by dissolving nitrate salts in acid and adding a solution of triethylamine and oxalic acid 失效
标题翻译：通过将硝酸盐溶解在酸中并加入三乙胺和草酸溶液来形成Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导体的沉淀过程
公开(公告)号：US5147848A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-15
申请号：US551629
申请日：1990-07-11
申请人： Chau-Ting Chang , Cheng-Yei Shei , Ru-Shi Liu
发明人： Chau-Ting Chang , Cheng-Yei Shei , Ru-Shi Liu
IPC分类号： C01G29/00 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： C01G29/006 , H01L39/2477 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2002/82 , C01P2002/88 , C01P2006/32 , C01P2006/40 , C01P2006/42 , Y10S505/737 , Y10S505/738 , Y10S505/782
摘要： A process for preparing powder of high temperature oxide superconductors of Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O type. In an aqueous solution of nitrate salts of Bi, Pb, Sr, Ca, and Cu metals, an appropriate ratio of triethylamine/oxalic acid was added to form a coprecipitate. Through the process of calcination at a temperature in the range of 750.degree. C. to 800.degree. C. and sintering at a temperature of 860.degree. C., a uniform and fine powder superconductive metal oxide having a critical temperature of 110K is obtained as the final product.
摘要翻译：一种制备Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O型高温氧化物超导体粉末的方法。在Bi，Pb，Sr，Ca和Cu金属的硝酸盐水溶液中，加入适量的三乙胺/草酸，形成共沉淀物。通过在750℃〜800℃的温度下煅烧并在860℃的温度下烧结，得到临界温度为110K的均匀且细粉末的超导金属氧化物，作为完成品。

4. 发明授权

US5334557A Method of preparing YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7 powder for forming by drawing-lamination 失效
标题翻译：通过拉伸层压制备YBa2Cu3O7粉末进行成型的方法
公开(公告)号：US5334557A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US25795
申请日：1993-03-03
申请人： Grard Duperray , Claudette Audry , Francoise Ducatel
发明人： Grard Duperray , Claudette Audry , Francoise Ducatel
IPC分类号： B28B1/00 , C01G1/00 , C01G3/00 , C04B35/45 , C04B35/64 , H01B13/00 , H01L39/24 , H01L39/12 , B28B11/00
CPC分类号： H01L39/248 , C01G3/006 , C04B35/4508 , C04B35/64 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2002/76 , C01P2004/61 , Y10S505/725 , Y10S505/738 , Y10S505/742
摘要： A method of preparing a powder of YBaCuO [phase 123] suitable for forming by drawing-lamination, which includes:preparing a powdered reactive mixture of precursors of purity greater than 99% and with a stoichiometry accurate to within less than 1%,binding this powdered reactive mixture to form intermediate pieces less than two millimeters in thickness which are placed in an oven so that their contact with a support is as small as possible,a heat treating the intermediate pieces,dry grinding the intermediate pieces to obtain grains of said powder with an average diameter of the order of a few .mu.m.
摘要翻译：制备适于通过拉伸层压成型的YBaCuO [123相]粉末的方法，其包括：制备纯度大于99％且化学计量精确至小于1％的前体的粉末状反应混合物，将该粉末状反应混合物以形成厚度小于2毫米的中间片，其放置在烘箱中，使得它们与支撑体的接触尽可能小，热处理中间片，干磨中间片以获得所述粉末的颗粒平均直径为几亩。

5. 发明授权

US5290759A Process for making high temperature superconducting powders 失效
标题翻译：制造高温超导粉末的方法
公开(公告)号：US5290759A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US864168
申请日：1992-04-03
申请人： J. T. Richardson , Dan Luss , D. Morgan , M. Maric
发明人： J. T. Richardson , Dan Luss , D. Morgan , M. Maric
IPC分类号： C01G3/00 , C01F17/00 , C01F11/04 , C01G3/02 , H01L39/12
CPC分类号： C01G3/006 , C01P2002/76 , C01P2002/88 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/12 , Y10S505/736 , Y10S505/737 , Y10S505/738
摘要： Superconducting precursors, which can be made into metal oxide superconductors such as YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.6+x, and a process for their manufacture by the coprecipitation of 1-2-3 nitrates using inexpensive precipitating agents such as alkali hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates. The process involves preparing a stoichiometric mixture of Y, Ba and Cu nitrates, which is then combined with a solution containing an excess of NaOH/K.sub.2 CO.sub.3, KOH/K.sub.2 CO.sub.3, NaOH/Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3, or KOH/Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3, which causes the precipitation of the precursor. The suspension containing the precipitate is filtered and then washed wiThe invention of this application was made and conceived at least in part with United States Government support and the United States Government has certain rights in the invention.
摘要翻译：可以制成金属氧化物超导体如YBa2Cu3O6 + x的超导前体，以及使用廉价的沉淀剂如碱金属氢氧化物，碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐共沉淀制备1-2-3硝酸盐的方法。该方法包括制备Y，Ba和Cu硝酸盐的化学计量混合物，然后将其与含有过量的NaOH / K 2 CO 3，KOH / KCO 3，NaOH / Na 2 CO 3或KOH / Na 2 CO 3的溶液组合，其导致前体的沉淀。将含有沉淀物的悬浮液过滤，然后通过例如通过喷射引入的CO 2的存在将pH保持在7至9的值进行洗涤，这大大降低阳离子损失并通过胶溶沉淀改善洗涤。过滤，洗涤和干燥后，通过在空气中加热焙烧干燥的前体，然后缓慢冷却以形成超导体。

6. 发明授权

US5200390A Co-precipitation process for preparing superconductor powder 失效
标题翻译：共沉淀法制备超导体粉末
公开(公告)号：US5200390A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-06
申请号：US526273
申请日：1990-05-21
申请人： Wei-Yean Howng
发明人： Wei-Yean Howng
IPC分类号： C01G3/00 , C04B35/45 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/2419 , C01G3/006 , C04B35/4508 , Y10S505/737 , Y10S505/738 , Y10S505/78
摘要： A fine stoichiometric superconductor powder may be co-precipitated from the addition of appropriate metal compound powders in ammonium carbonate. The co-precipitated powder is very homogeneous because the reaction progresses in liquid solution. For example, YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-x superconducting powder may be prepared by the co-precipitation of yttrium oxide, copper (I) acetate, copper (II) acetate and barium acetate. The acetates precipitate by nucleating on the yttrium oxide particles. The process permits a relatively wide window of starting reactant proportions yet still produce ceramics having superconductive properties.
摘要翻译：从碳酸铵中加入合适的金属化合物粉末可以将精细的化学计量超导体粉末共沉淀。共沉淀的粉末是非常均匀的，因为反应在液体溶液中进行。例如，YBa2Cu3O7-x超导粉末可以通过共同沉淀氧化钇，乙酸铜（I），乙酸铜（II）和乙酸钡来制备。乙酸盐通过在氧化钇颗粒上成核而沉淀。该方法允许起始反应物比例相对较宽的窗口，但仍然产生具有超导性质的陶瓷。

7. 发明授权

US5149682A Manufacturing method for superconducting ceramics and products thereof 失效
标题翻译：超导陶瓷的制造方法及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5149682A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-22
申请号：US155340
申请日：1988-02-12
申请人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Wie H. Pan , John Rudesill
发明人： Nicholas D. Spencer , Wie H. Pan , John Rudesill
IPC分类号： B32B18/00 , C01G3/00 , C01G5/00 , C01G7/00 , C04B35/45 , H01L39/12 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/248 , C01G3/006 , C01G5/006 , C01G7/006 , C04B35/4504 , C04B35/4508 , H01L39/126 , Y10S505/738 , Y10S505/78 , Y10S505/785
摘要： Superior homogeneity in ceramic materials is achieved by reacting certain soluble metal salts with quaternary ammonium carbonates to form co-precipitated metal carbonates. The precipitate can be recovered and processed to make superconductors. For example, a solution of nitrates of yttrium, barium, and copper are treated with a solution of tetraethyl ammonium carbonate to form co-precipitated carbonates of Y, Ba, Cu. The precipitate is recovered and calcined to form a superconducting material.
摘要翻译：通过使某些可溶性金属盐与碳酸季铵反应形成共沉淀的金属碳酸盐来实现陶瓷材料的均匀性。可以回收和处理沉淀物以制备超导体。例如，用四乙基碳酸铵溶液处理钇，钡和铜的硝酸盐溶液，形成Y，Ba，Cu的共沉淀碳酸盐。回收沉淀物并煅烧以形成超导材料。

8. 发明授权

US5122508A Coprecipitation process for preparing raw material powder for Y.sub.1 Ba.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x oxide superconductor 失效
标题翻译：用于制备Y1BA2CU3OX氧化物超导体的原料粉末的共混方法
公开(公告)号：US5122508A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-16
申请号：US281603
申请日：1988-12-09
申请人： Tsutomu Nanao , Kenji Yamamoto , Masao Yokoyama
发明人： Tsutomu Nanao , Kenji Yamamoto , Masao Yokoyama
IPC分类号： C01G3/00 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： C01G3/006 , H01L39/2419 , C01P2002/76 , C01P2004/62 , Y10S505/737 , Y10S505/738
摘要： A process for preparing a bulk powder for an oxide superconductor which comprises mixing an alcohol solution (I) of a copper nitrate and a lanthanoid metal nitrate with an alcohol solution (II) comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a barium hydroxide and a barium alkoxide to give a coprecipitate, and thermally decomposing the coprecipitate. According to the present invention, compared to the solid-state reaction, fine particles having the particle size of not more than 1 .mu.m can be easily produced because barium carbonate comparatively stable to heat is not formed on calcination, and the desired bulk powder for oxide superconductor can be produced at even lower temperature. Consequently, the obtained bulk powder for the oxide superconductor has fine particles, e.g. the particle size being not more than 1 .mu.m, therefore, the powder is excellent in stoichinometry, large in surface energy and excellent in sintering property.

9. 发明授权

US4895832A Coprecipitation method for producing superconducting oxides of high homogeneity 失效
标题翻译：用于生产高均匀性的超导氧化物的共沉淀法
公开(公告)号：US4895832A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-23
申请号：US266786
申请日：1988-11-03
申请人： Chau-Ting Chang , Ru-Shi Liu
发明人： Chau-Ting Chang , Ru-Shi Liu
IPC分类号： C01G3/00
CPC分类号： C01G3/006 , C01P2002/34 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2002/82 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/42 , Y10S502/525 , Y10S505/737 , Y10S505/738 , Y10S505/78
摘要： A homogenous coprecipitation method by which superconducting oxides having perovskite-like structure, such as YBa2Cu307-x, can be produced in mass, in which urea is used as solvent to adjust and control the PH value of an aqueous nitrate solution. The coprecipitation method of this invention comprises following steps: (a) preparing an aqueous mixture containing Y, Ba and Cu salts with molar ratio of 1:2:3 wherein Y being 0.068M; (b) adding 5-10 moles of oxalic acid per one mole of Y and 20-250 moles of urea per moles of Y into the aqueous mixture; (c) heating the aqueous mixture to a temperature range of 80.degree. to 100.degree. C. to proceed a hydrolysis of the urea such that PH value of the aqueous mixture will be gradually elevated by NH.sub.3 gas evoluted from the urea hydrolysis; and (d) cooling the temperature of the aqueous mixture to room temperature at which time a desired uniform PH value is reached. After cooling, pale blue homogeneous coprecipitates of the superconducting oxides can be obtained.
摘要翻译：可以大量生产具有钙钛矿型结构的超导氧化物如YBa2Cu307-x的均匀共沉淀法，其中使用尿素作为溶剂来调节和控制硝酸水溶液的PH值。本发明的共沉淀方法包括以下步骤：（a）制备含有Y，Ba和Cu盐的含水混合物，其摩尔比为1:2:3，其中Y为0.068M; （b）每摩尔Y加入5-10摩尔草酸，每摩尔Y加入20-250摩尔尿素至含水混合物中; （c）将含水混合物加热到80℃至100℃的温度范围，以进行尿素的水解，使得由尿素水解产生的NH 3气体逐渐升高含水混合物的PH值; 和（d）将含水混合物的温度冷却至室温，此时达到所需的均匀PH值。冷却后，可以得到超蓝色均匀的超导氧化物的共沉淀物。

10. 发明授权

US5244872A Method of preparing Pb-Sr-Ca-Ln-Ca-O metal oxide superconductor 失效
标题翻译：制备Pb-Sr-Ca-Ln-Ca-O金属氧化物超导体的方法
公开(公告)号：US5244872A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-14
申请号：US785326
申请日：1991-11-01
申请人： Takaaki Ikemachi , Takashi Kawano , Shin-ichi Koriyama , Hisao Yamauchi
发明人： Takaaki Ikemachi , Takashi Kawano , Shin-ichi Koriyama , Hisao Yamauchi
IPC分类号： C04B35/00 , C01B13/18 , C01G1/00 , C01G21/00 , C04B35/45 , H01B12/00 , H01B13/00 , H01L39/12 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： C01G21/006 , C01B13/185 , C04B35/4504 , C01P2006/40 , Y10S505/725 , Y10S505/738
摘要： An oxide superconductor having the following formula:Pb.sub.2 Sr.sub.2 Ca.sub.1-p Ln.sub.p Cu.sub.3 O.sub.q orPb.sub.1-x Cu.sub.x Sr.sub.2 Ca.sub.1-y Ln.sub.y Cu.sub.2 O.sub.zwherein Ln represents a rare earth element, p is 0.3-0.7, q is 7.8-8.2, x is 0.2-0.5, y is 0.3-0.7 and z is 6.8-7.2 is prepared using a coprecipitation method. An acetic acid solution of carbonates, acetates or nitrates of Pb, Sr, Ca, Cu and Ln is mixed with an aqueous solution of oxalic or tartaric acid, or a lower alkyl ester thereof. The mixture is reacted to precipitate the Pb, Sr, Ca, Cu and Ln as oxalates or tartarates and the precipitates are dried and sintered to obtain the oxide superconductor.
摘要翻译：具有下式的氧化物超导体：Pb2Sr2Ca1-pLnpCu3Oq或Pb1-xCuxSr2Ca1-yLnyCu2Oz其中Ln表示稀土元素，p为0.3-0.7，q为7.8-8.2，x为0.2-0.5，y为0.3-0.7，z 使用共沉淀法制备6.8-7.2。将Pb，Sr，Ca，Cu和Ln的碳酸盐，乙酸盐或硝酸盐的乙酸溶液与草酸或酒石酸或其低级烷基酯的水溶液混合。使混合物反应，以草酸盐或酒石酸盐的形式沉淀出Pb，Sr，Ca，Cu和Ln，并将沉淀物干燥并烧结，得到氧化物超导体。

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