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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Fully testable DCVS circuits with single-track global wiring
    • 具有单轨全球接线的完全可测试的DCVS电路
    • US5299136A
    • 1994-03-29
    • US711466
    • 1991-06-05
    • Jacquelin BabakanianJames W. DavisMark S. GarvinRobert M. SwansonNandor G. ThomaDavid M. Wu
    • Jacquelin BabakanianJames W. DavisMark S. GarvinRobert M. SwansonNandor G. ThomaDavid M. Wu
    • G01R31/28G01R31/3185H03K19/00H03K19/0944H03K19/173G06F15/20
    • G01R31/318536H03K19/1738
    • Groups of DCVS (Differential Cascode Voltage Switch) circuits are interconnected by single-track data transfer connections. Each group contains one or more DCVS tree circuits, through which data signals propagate only on dual-track connections. In each group, at least one DCVS tree circuit is configured as an input boundary tree, and at least one tree circuit is configured as an output boundary tree. All data inputs externally applied to a group, are transferred only through input boundary trees of the group, and all data outputs transferred out of a group leave the group only through output boundary trees of the group. If a group has only a single tree, that tree serves as input and output boundary tree of the group. Each input boundary tree of each group has one or more associated primary shift register latch (SRL) circuits through which all external data inputs to that tree are transferred. Such external data inputs are received through the single-track connections mentioned above. The primary SRL circuits are also used to present predeterminable test data inputs to respective trees, and to collect primary test data outputs representing signals received through the single-track connections. In such usage, the SRL circuits are connected as a scannable shift register. Each output boundary tree has an exclusive-OR (XOR) circuit for indicating if the respective tree is in a legal or illegal state. The XOR circuits connect to secondary scannable SRL circuits for external presentation of illegal state indication. The primary test data outputs together with the externally presented illegal state indications form a basis for detecting and locating any faulty state in any group.
    • DCVS(差分串联电压开关)电路组通过单轨数据传输连接相互连接。 每组包含一个或多个DCVS树电路,数据信号仅通过双路连接传播。 在每个组中,至少一个DCVS树电路被配置为输入边界树,并且至少一个树电路被配置为输出边界树。 外部应用于组的所有数据输入仅通过组的输入边界树进行传输,并且从组中传出的所有数据输出仅通过组的输出边界树离开组。 如果一个组只有一棵树,则该树用作该组的输入和输出边界树。 每个组的每个输入边界树具有一个或多个相关联的主移位寄存器锁存(SRL)电路,通过该电路,传输该树的所有外部数据输入。 这样的外部数据输入通过上述单轨连接来接收。 主要的SRL电路还用于向各树提供可预测的测试数据输入,并收集表示通过单轨道连接接收的信号的主要测试数据输出。 在这种使用中,SRL电路作为可扫描移位寄存器连接。 每个输出边界树具有异或(XOR)电路,用于指示相应的树是否处于合法或非法状态。 XOR电路连接到二次可扫描的SRL电路,用于外部呈现非法状态指示。 主要测试数据输出与外部提供的非法状态指示一起构成检测和定位任何组中任何故障状态的基础。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Engine NOx reduction system
    • 发动机NOx还原系统
    • US5224346A
    • 1993-07-06
    • US701497
    • 1991-05-16
    • Lester P. BerrimanJohn M. ZabskyJames W. DavisWilliam M. Hylton
    • Lester P. BerrimanJohn M. ZabskyJames W. DavisWilliam M. Hylton
    • F01N3/20F01N3/36F02B1/04
    • F01N3/2066F01N3/36F01N2610/02F01N2610/1453F02B1/04Y02T10/24
    • A method and apparatus are provided for reducing pollutants and especially nitrogen oxides, or NOx, in the exhaust gases of an engine. The apparatus includes a device for injecting ammonia into a conduit that extends between cylinder exhaust valves and a catalytic converter, to mix the ammonia with the exhaust gases. Ammonia injection occurs at a location a plurality of inches downstream of the exhaust valves to avoid burning of the ammonia by flames. The injection preferably occurs at a location where the exhaust gases are at a temperature of at least about 1200.degree.F. to cause considerable reaction of the ammonia with NOx in the exhaust gases prior to the gases reaching the catalyst, so less NOx must be removed along the catalyst. To minimize ammonia use, it is injected only for a limited period such as a minute after a cold engine is started when the catalyst is too cold to cause significant reactions, and during operation of the engine at high power levels when the greatest amounts of NOx are produced.
    • 提供了一种用于减少发动机废气中的污染物,特别是氮氧化物或NOx的方法和装置。 该装置包括用于将氨注入到在气缸排气阀和催化转化器之间延伸的导管中以将氨与废气混合的装置。 氨喷射发生在排气门下游多个英寸的位置,以避免由于火焰而燃烧氨。 注射优选在排气处于至少约1200°F的温度的位置处发生,以在气体到达催化剂之前使氨与废气中的NOx发生相当大的反应,因此必须除去较少的NO x 沿催化剂。 为了最大限度地减少氨的使用,只有在发动机冷启动后几分钟才能注入有限的时间,当催化剂太冷而不能引起显着的反应时,并且在最大量的NOx 被生产。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Process for manufacturing cigarette rods
    • 卷烟棒生产工艺
    • US4979521A
    • 1990-12-25
    • US451669
    • 1989-12-14
    • James W. DavisPhilip A. DealTravis E. HowardClifford R. Marritt
    • James W. DavisPhilip A. DealTravis E. HowardClifford R. Marritt
    • A24C5/18
    • A24C5/1892
    • Cigarette rods are manufactured at high rates of speed using a cigarette making machine having a tongue which is equipped such that water is continuously fed therethrough in order to exit the surface of the tongue which contacts a tobacco filler stream passing through the garniture region of the cigarette making machine. The process of introducing water through the tongue during a cigarette making operation allows the manufacture to produce a continuous cigarette rod of controlled integrity. For example, cigarettes of controlled density and firmness, and having very low amounts of hard spots, soft spots and loose ends, can be manufactured. The process provides for the manufacture of cigarettes at high speeds, and for the manufacture of cigarettes having high filling capacity tobacco blends. For example, cigarettes having blends comprising relatively high levels of volume expanded tobacco can be manufactured efficiently and effectively.
    • 使用具有舌头的香烟制造机制造香烟棒,该香烟制造机被配备成使得水连续地供给到其中,以便离开舌头的表面,该表面接触通过香烟的附属区域的烟草填充物流 制造机。 在制烟操作期间通过舌头引入水的过程允许制造生产具有受控完整性的连续香烟棒。 例如,可以制造具有受控密度和坚固度并且具有非常少量的硬点,软斑和松散端的香烟。 该方法提供了高速制造香烟,并且制造具有高填充能力的烟草混合物的香烟。 例如,可以高效且有效地制造具有包含相当高水平的膨胀烟草的混合物的香烟。