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1. 发明授权

US6002639A Sensor configuration for nulling reverberations to image behind reflective layers 失效
标题翻译：传感器配置用于使反射层后面的图像归零
公开(公告)号：US6002639A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-14
申请号：US856115
申请日：1997-05-14
申请人： James R. Birchak , Batakrishna Mandal , James E. Masino , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
发明人： James R. Birchak , Batakrishna Mandal , James E. Masino , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
IPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A transducer configuration disposed within a wellbore sonde for acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a transmitting transducer for producing a transmitted acoustic beamspread pattern defined by a insonified zone having a width approximately equal to a width of the transmitting transducer and a transmitting main lobe beyond the transmitting collimated zone. The transducer configuration also includes a receiving transducer disposed adjacent the transmitting transducer. The receiving transducer includes an acoustic signal reception pattern defined by a insonified zone having a width approximately equal to a width of the receiving transducer and a receiving main lobe beyond the receiving insonified zone. A beamspread angle defines an amplitude contour forming an outer periphery of the transmitting and receiving main lobes. Intersection of the transmitting and receiving main lobes behind but not within an acoustically reflective layer allows the transducer configuration to null reverberation energy from the acoustically reflective material and enhance acoustic energy received from the less reflective material disposed behind the highly reflective material.
摘要翻译：设置在井筒探测器内的换能器配置用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像，包括发射换能器，用于产生由具有大致等于发射换能器的宽度的宽度的扩散区限定的透射声束扩展图案，主瓣超出发射准直区。换能器配置还包括邻近发射换能器设置的接收换能器。接收换能器包括由具有近似等于接收换能器的宽度的宽度的增强区限定的声学信号接收图案和超出接收声音区的接收主瓣。光束展开角度定义了形成发射和接收主瓣的外周的振幅轮廓。发射和接收主波瓣在后面但不在声反射层内的交叉允许换能器配置将来自声反射材料的混响能量消除，并增强从设置在高反射材料后面的较小反射材料接收的声能。

2. 发明授权

US5995447A System and method for processing acoustic signals to image behind reflective layers 失效
标题翻译：将声信号处理成反射层后的图像的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5995447A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US856114
申请日：1997-05-14
申请人： Batakrishna Mandal , James R. Birchak , James E. Masino , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
发明人： Batakrishna Mandal , James R. Birchak , James E. Masino , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
IPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01N1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A system for acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a transducer configuration for acquiring acoustic image data from the reflective layer and target region, wherein the reflective layer and target region are divided into voxels circumferentially disposed about a central point. The system includes a mechanism for processing the data comprising a transmitting transducer for transmitting a first acoustic pulse, a receiving transducer for detecting a first arrival of a first acoustic reflection signal associated with the first acoustic pulse, and a mechanism for suppressing multiple reflected signals from the acoustic reflection signal associated with the first acoustic pulse, wherein the suppressing mechanism facilitates the acquisition of image data from the target region. The system may also include a mechanism which filters and compresses acoustic data downhole, transmits data uphole and which reassembles data uphole for conversion into an image on standard computer display equipment.
摘要翻译：用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像的系统包括用于从反射层和目标区域获取声像数据的换能器配置，其中反射层和目标区域被分成围绕中心点周向设置的体元。该系统包括用于处理数据的机构，该机构包括用于发送第一声学脉冲的发射换能器，用于检测与第一声学脉冲相关联的第一声反射信号的第一次到达的接收换能器，以及用于抑制来自与第一声学脉冲相关联的声反射信号，其中抑制机构有助于从目标区域获取图像数据。该系统还可以包括一个机构，用于对井下的声学数据进行滤波和压缩，在井上传输数据，并重新组装数据，以便在标准计算机显示设备上转换为图像。

3. 发明授权

US6125079A System and method for providing dual distance transducers to image behind an acoustically reflective layer 失效
标题翻译：用于提供双距离换能器以在声反射层之后成像的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6125079A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US856113
申请日：1997-05-14
申请人： James R. Birchak , Batakrishna Mandal , James E. Masino , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
发明人： James R. Birchak , Batakrishna Mandal , James E. Masino , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
IPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01V1/40 , G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A transducer configuration for use in acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a sonde having a geometrical center and constructed and arranged to support a plurality of transducers. The system includes a first transducer disposed within the sonde at a first distance from the geometrical center for generating a first acoustic pulse and for receiving a first acoustic signal. The acoustic signal comprises a first reflection from the reflective surface, a first set of fluid multiples arising from reflections between the reflective layer and a surface of the first transducer, and a first signal associated with the target area. The system also includes a second transducer disposed within the sonde at a second distance from the geometrical center for generating a second acoustic pulse and for receiving a second acoustic signal. The second acoustic comprises a second reflection from the reflective surface, a second set of fluid multiples arising from reflections between the reflective layer and a surface of the second transducer and a second signal associated with the target area. A mechanism for receiving and processing signals received by the first and second transducers at time intervals which occur between receipt of the first and second sets of fluid multiples, respectively, wherein signal values at time intervals between receipt of fluid multiples provide acoustic waveforms associated with the target region. Each target region, therefore, has a time interval on at least one of the two waveforms which is free of fluid multiples.
摘要翻译：用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像的换能器配置包括具有几何中心并被构造和布置成支撑多个换能器的探空器。该系统包括设置在探头内距离几何中心第一距离处的第一换能器，用于产生第一声脉冲并用于接收第一声信号。声信号包括来自反射表面的第一反射，由反射层和第一换能器的表面之间的反射产生的第一组流体倍数，以及与目标区域相关联的第一信号。系统还包括设置在探头内距离几何中心第二距离处的第二换能器，用于产生第二声脉冲并接收第二声信号。第二声波包括来自反射表面的第二反射，由反射层和第二换能器的表面之间的反射产生的第二组流体倍数和与目标区域相关联的第二信号。一种用于分别接收和处理由第一和第二组流体倍数接收之间出现的时间间隔由第一和第二换能器接收的信号的机构，其中在接收流体倍数之间的时间间隔处的信号值提供与目标区域。因此，每个目标区域在没有流体倍数的两个波形中的至少一个上具有时间间隔。

4. 发明授权

US6102152A Dipole/monopole acoustic transmitter, methods for making and using same in down hole tools 有权
标题翻译：偶极/单极声发射器，在井下工具中制作和使用相同的方法
公开(公告)号：US6102152A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US335988
申请日：1999-06-18
申请人： James E. Masino , Batakrishna Mandal , James R. Birchak , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
发明人： James E. Masino , Batakrishna Mandal , James R. Birchak , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
IPC分类号： G01V1/52 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： G01V1/52
摘要： A sonic or acoustic tool is disclosed which includes a transmitter with reduced transmitter spawned noise. The transmitters are either monopole or dipole depending on the orientation of ports in a chamber divided by a piston driven by an actuator. The transmitter size is limited only by the diameter of the tools itself because the transmitters are oriented within the tool parallel to the axis of the tool.
摘要翻译：公开了一种声音或声学工具，其包括具有减小的发射器产生噪声的发射器。发射器是单极或偶极，这取决于腔室中的端口的方向，除以由致动器驱动的活塞。变送器尺寸仅由工具本身的直径限制，因为变送器在平行于工具轴线的工具内定向。

5. 发明授权

US6021093A Transducer configuration having a multiple viewing position feature 失效
标题翻译：具有多重观察位置特征的传感器配置
公开(公告)号：US6021093A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-01
申请号：US856112
申请日：1997-05-14
申请人： James R. Birchak , Batakrishna Mandal , James E. Masino , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
发明人： James R. Birchak , Batakrishna Mandal , James E. Masino , John W. Minear , Thomas E. Ritter
IPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A transducer configuration of an acoustic sensing tool for determining the consistency of a first medium disposed between a layer having a greater acoustic reflectivity than the first medium and a second medium, the sensing tool including a rotating head, wherein the tool comprises first, second and third transducer pairs in a spaced apart configuration, each pair comprising a transmitting transducer for transmitting an acoustic radiation signal in an insonified zone, and receiving transducer having a receiving radiation pattern in a insonified zone, wherein the space between the transmitting and receiving transducers in each pair is constructed and arranged to allow the transmitting and receiving insonified zones to intersect behind but not in the acoustically reflective layer to null reverberation energy therefrom. The tool also includes a centerline of radiation from each transmitting transducer that propagates and refracts through the reflective layer such that all transmitting centerlines intersect in an intersection near voxel, wherein the intersection voxel is interrogated by all three transducer pairs substantially simultaneously at nearly a single azimuthal head position, such that any occlusion is interrogated from three different directions, thereby facilitating determination of occlusion surface orientation.
摘要翻译：用于确定布置在具有比第一介质更大的声反射率的层之间的第一介质和第二介质的一致性的声学感测工具的传感器配置，所述感测工具包括旋转头，其中所述工具包括第一和第二介质第三传感器对以间隔开的配置，每对包括用于在未加密区域中传输声辐射信号的发射换能器，以及在第一增强区域中接收具有接收辐射图的换能器，其中每个发射和接收换能器之间的空间对被构造和布置成允许发送和接收的声音区域在后面而不是在声反射层中相交，以消除其中的混响能量。该工具还包括来自每个发射换能器的辐射的中心线，其传播和折射通过反射层，使得所有发射中心线在体素附近的交叉点相交，其中所述三个换能器对基本同时以几乎一个方位角询问交叉体素头位置，使得从三个不同方向询问任何闭塞，从而有助于确定闭塞表面取向。

6. 发明授权

US5510582A Acoustic attenuator, well logging apparatus and method of well logging 失效
标题翻译：声衰减器，测井装置和测井方法
公开(公告)号：US5510582A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-23
申请号：US398979
申请日：1995-03-06
申请人： James R. Birchak , Alexander Lifson , Eugene J. Linyaev , John W. Minear , Dennis E. Roessler , David J. Young
发明人： James R. Birchak , Alexander Lifson , Eugene J. Linyaev , John W. Minear , Dennis E. Roessler , David J. Young
IPC分类号： G01V1/52 , G10K11/16 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： G10K11/16 , G01V1/523 , Y10S367/911
摘要： Disclosed is a sonic well tool for performing acoustic investigations of subsurface geological formations penetrated by a borehole. The well tool generally includes a longitudinally extending body for positioning in said borehole. The tool also includes a transmitter supported by the body for transmitting acoustic energy, and a receiver supported by the body for receiving acoustic energy. Finally, the tool includes an acoustic attenuation section positioned on the body between the transmitter and the receiver. This section includes one or more cavities defined by the body, inertial mass members positioned inside the cavities in a suitable manner to form a gap between the wall of the cavity and the inertial mass members, and an acoustical attenuation fluid in the gap. The method for attenuating sonic waves generally includes transmitting a sonic wave from the transmitter to the tool, passing the sonic wave through the acoustic attenuation section, and receiving attenuated wave at the receivers.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于对钻孔穿透的地下地质构造进行声学研究的声波井工具。井具通常包括用于定位在所述钻孔中的纵向延伸体。该工具还包括由身体支撑以发射声能的发射器和由身体支撑以接收声能的接收器。最后，该工具包括位于发射器和接收器之间的身体上的声衰减部分。该部分包括由主体限定的一个或多个空腔，惯性质量构件以合适的方式定位在空腔内部，以在腔的壁和惯性质量构件之间形成间隙，以及间隙中的声衰减流体。用于衰减声波的方法通常包括将声波从发射器发射到工具，使声波通过声衰减部分，并在接收器处接收衰减波。

7. 发明授权

US06400646B1 Method for compensating for remote clock offset 有权
标题翻译：补偿远程时钟偏移的方法
公开(公告)号：US06400646B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09457996
申请日：1999-12-09
申请人： Vimal V. Shah , John W. Minear , Robert Malloy , James R. Birchak , Wallace R. Gardner , Carl Robbins
发明人： Vimal V. Shah , John W. Minear , Robert Malloy , James R. Birchak , Wallace R. Gardner , Carl Robbins
IPC分类号： H04H900
CPC分类号： G01V1/26 , E21B47/16 , G04G7/00 , H04L7/007
摘要： A system is disclosed for synchronizing a clock in a well containing a drill string with a clock located near the surface of the well. The system includes devices for transmitting and receiving a pair of acoustic signals between locations associated with each clock and processing those signals. The system determines the time of arrival of each acoustic signal by analyzing the shape of a function of the acoustic signal chosen from a group of functions suitable to determine a clock offset with millisecond accuracy.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于使包含钻柱的井中的时钟与位于井的表面附近的时钟同步的系统。该系统包括用于在与每个时钟相关联的位置之间发送和接收一对声信号并处理这些信号的装置。系统通过分析从适合于以毫秒精度确定时钟偏移的一组函数中选择的声信号的函数的形状来确定每个声信号的到达时间。

8. 发明授权

US06378357B1 Method of fluid rheology characterization and apparatus therefor 失效
标题翻译：流体流变学表征方法及其设备
公开(公告)号：US06378357B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09524976
申请日：2000-03-14
申请人： Wei Han , John W. Minear , Ronnie G. Morgan , James R. Birchak
发明人： Wei Han , John W. Minear , Ronnie G. Morgan , James R. Birchak
IPC分类号： G01N1100
CPC分类号： G01N29/345 , G01F1/663 , G01N11/16 , G01N29/036 , G01N29/343 , G01N29/38 , G01N2011/0073 , G01N2291/017 , G01N2291/02818 , G01N2291/02836 , G01N2291/102
摘要： There is disclosed herein a method and apparatus that use ultrasonic signals to measure rheological properties of a fluid flow such as, e.g., the consistency index K, the flow behavior index n′, the yield stress &tgr;0, or other parameters of any given model for shear rate dependent viscosity &eegr;. In one embodiment, the method includes: (a) transmitting an acoustic signal into the fluid flow; (b) receiving acoustic reflections from acoustic reflectors entrained in the fluid flow; (c) determining a Doppler shift of the acoustic reflections in a set of time windows corresponding to a set of desired sampling regions in the fluid flow; and (d) analyzing the Doppler shifts associated with the set of sampling regions to determine one or more rheological properties of the fluid flow. The frequency shift caused by motion of the fluid is proportional to the velocity of the fluid, and this allows the construction of a velocity profile of the fluid flow stream. The velocity profile can be normalized and “matched” to one of a family of velocity profile templates, and the rheological properties identified by the curve that matches best. Alternatively, the shear rate as a function of shear stress can be calculated from the measurements, and these values may be used to find each of the parameters directly. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a transmitter, a receiver, and an electronic module. The transmitter transmits an acoustic signal into the fluid flow. The receiver receives reflections of the acoustic signal from entrained acoustic reflection sources in the fluid flow. The electronic module is coupled to the transmitter and receiver, and is configured to provide a pulsed high frequency signal to the transmitter and, responsive to the signal from the receiver, to determine a velocity vs. position profile of the fluid flow.
摘要翻译：这里公开了一种方法和装置，其使用超声信号来测量流体流动的流变特性，例如一致性指数K，流动行为指数n'，屈服应力＆lt; 0或任何给定的其他参数剪切速率依赖粘度等级模型在一个实施例中，该方法包括：（a）将声信号传输到流体流中; （b）从夹带在流体流中的声反射器接收声反射; （c）确定在一组对应于所述流体流中期望的采样区域的时间窗口中的声反射的多普勒频移; 以及（d）分析与该组采样区域相关联的多普勒频移，以确定流体流动的一个或多个流变特性。由流体运动引起的频率偏移与流体的速度成比例，这允许构建流体流动流的速度分布。速度分布可以归一化，并与一系列速度分布模板中的一个进行归一化，并且通过曲线确定的最佳匹配的流变特性。或者，可以从测量中计算作为剪切应力的函数的剪切速率，并且可以使用这些值来直接找到每个参数。在一个实施例中，该装置包括发射器，接收器和电子模块。发射器将声信号发送到流体流中。接收器接收来自流体流中夹带的声反射源的声信号的反射。电子模块耦合到发射器和接收器，并且被配置为向发射器提供脉冲高频信号，并且响应于来自接收器的信号来确定流体流的速度与位置分布。

9. 发明授权

US6137747A Single point contact acoustic transmitter 失效
标题翻译：单点接触式声发射器
公开(公告)号：US6137747A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US87220
申请日：1998-05-29
申请人： Vimal V. Shah , James R. Birchak , John W. Minear , Wallace R. Gardner , Donald Kyle , John R. Dennis , Kenny McConnell , George S. Reagan , Rebecca McConnell
发明人： Vimal V. Shah , James R. Birchak , John W. Minear , Wallace R. Gardner , Donald Kyle , John R. Dennis , Kenny McConnell , George S. Reagan , Rebecca McConnell
IPC分类号： B06B1/06 , G01V11/00 , G10K11/00 , H04H9/00
CPC分类号： G01V11/002 , B06B1/0611
摘要： The invention is an acoustic transmitter that imparts vibratory stresses onto a signal propagation medium such as oil well tubing when actuated by an electric driver. In one embodiment, the acoustic transmitter utilizes a mechanical driver that includes piezoelectric elements to generate the vibratory stresses. The acoustic transmitter is mechanically attached at only one point to the signal propagation medium. This single point attachment eliminates loading on the acoustic transmitter from compressive and tensile forces carried by the signal propagation medium. A mass backing the mechanical driver may be used to extend the frequency range over which the acoustic transmitter is operable. In addition, the resonance response of the acoustic transmitter may be minimized by the use of a viscous dampener. The viscous dampener is configured to "couple" with the mechanical driver when the acoustic transmitter is operating and to "uncouple" with the mechanical driver at other times.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种在由电动驱动器致动时将振动应力施加到诸如油井管道之类的信号传播介质上的声发射器。在一个实施例中，声发射器利用包括压电元件的机械驱动器来产生振动应力。声发射机仅在一个点处机械连接到信号传播介质。这种单点附件消除了声发射器上由信号传播介质承载的压缩和拉伸力的负担。可以使用机械驱动器的质量来扩展声发射器可操作的频率范围。此外，通过使用粘性阻尼器可以使声发射器的共振响应最小化。粘性阻尼器被配置为当声发射器操作时与机械驱动器“耦合”，并且在其它时间与机械驱动器“脱离”。

10. 发明授权

US07216738B2 Acoustic stimulation method with axial driver actuating moment arms on tines 有权
标题翻译：声刺激方法与轴向驱动器致动力臂在齿上
公开(公告)号：US07216738B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-15
申请号：US11059215
申请日：2005-02-16
申请人： James R. Birchak , Thomas E. Ritter , Ali I. Mese , Diederik van Batenburg , William Trainor , Wei Han , Kwang Yoo , Daniel P. Kusmer , Mark A. Proett , Ferdinand van der Bas , Peter van der Sman , Jeroen Groenenboom , Pedro Zuiderwijk
发明人： James R. Birchak , Thomas E. Ritter , Ali I. Mese , Diederik van Batenburg , William Trainor , Wei Han , Kwang Yoo , Daniel P. Kusmer , Mark A. Proett , Ferdinand van der Bas , Peter van der Sman , Jeroen Groenenboom , Pedro Zuiderwijk
IPC分类号： G01V1/02 , G01V1/112 , G01V1/143
CPC分类号： G10K9/121
摘要： A method for generating acoustic waves, the method having the steps of: extending a tine from a support structure so that a proximal end of the tine is attached to the support structure and a distal end of the tine is uninhibited; positioning an oscillator so as to be supported by the support structure and to mechanically communicate with the tine; and oscillating the tine with the oscillator.
摘要翻译：一种用于产生声波的方法，所述方法具有以下步骤：从支撑结构延伸齿，使得齿的近端附接到支撑结构，并且尖齿的远端不被抑制; 定位振荡器以便由支撑结构支撑并与齿机械地连通; 并用振荡器振荡齿。

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