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1. 发明授权

US5606633A Chemical detector employing surface plasmon resonance excited using an optical waveguide configured as an asymmetric waveguide coupler 失效
标题翻译：使用配置为不对称波导耦合器的光波导激发的表面等离子体共振的化学检测器
公开(公告)号：US5606633A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-25
申请号：US495764
申请日：1995-06-26
申请人： Howard P. Groger , Martin Weiss , Peter Lo , Bruce L. Thomas
发明人： Howard P. Groger , Martin Weiss , Peter Lo , Bruce L. Thomas
IPC分类号： G01N21/55 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/10
CPC分类号： G01N21/553 , G01N21/7703 , G02B2006/12183
摘要： A highly sensitive surface plasmon waveguide sensor monitors the refractive index and thickness of thin adsorbed films. The sensor includes an optical waveguide formed by ion-exchange in a glass substrate, by selective densification of substrate material or by the incorporation of high refractive index materials during deposition of a dielectric layer. Two dielectric thin films are deposited on top of the waveguide. The layer closest to the waveguide has a lower refractive index than the guiding layer to form a buffer layer. The second dielectric layer, or tuning layer, has a higher refractive index. The tuning and buffer layers allow optimization of the resonance wavelength, full-width half maximum of the resonance wavelength range and amplitude of the resonance. The tuning layer is coated with a thin metallic layer, to effect surface plasmon resonance, such as gold, silver, aluminum or one or more semiconducting materials. Alternatively the optical waveguide is coated with the buffer layer and the thin metal layer. The tuning layer and a second buffer layer are deposited on top of the metallic layer. Light is introduced to the waveguide and interaction between the light and the thin metal layer results in attenuation of the TM polarization. The ratio of the TM and TE polarization intensities is monitored by a polarization beam splitter. The relatively unchanged TE polarization intensity serves as an integral reference for the sensor. The sensor has numerous applications in the environmental and biomedical fields.
摘要翻译：高灵敏度的表面等离子体波导传感器监测薄吸附膜的折射率和厚度。传感器包括通过玻璃基板中的离子交换而形成的光波导，通过选择性地致密化基底材料或通过在沉积介电层期间引入高折射率材料。两个电介质薄膜沉积在波导的顶部。最靠近波导的层具有比引导层更低的折射率以形成缓冲层。第二介电层或调谐层具有较高的折射率。调谐和缓冲层允许优化谐振波长，谐振波长范围的全宽半最大值和共振幅度。调谐层涂覆有薄金属层，以实现表面等离子体共振，例如金，银，铝或一种或多种半导体材料。或者，光波导涂覆有缓冲层和薄金属层。调谐层和第二缓冲层沉积在金属层的顶部。光引入波导，光与薄金属层之间的相互作用导致TM极化的衰减。通过偏振分束器监测TM和TE偏振强度的比率。相对不变的TE偏振强度作为传感器的整体参考。该传感器在环境和生物医学领域有许多应用。

2. 发明授权

US5745231A Method of fluorescence analysis comprising evanescent wave excitation and out-of-plane photodetection 失效
标题翻译：荧光分析方法包括瞬逝波激发和平面外光检测
公开(公告)号：US5745231A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US489436
申请日：1995-06-12
申请人： Howard P. Groger , K. Peter Lo , Martin Weiss
发明人： Howard P. Groger , K. Peter Lo , Martin Weiss
IPC分类号： G01N21/55 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/77 , G01N21/41 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/648 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/7703 , G01N2021/7786 , G01N2021/7789
摘要： Fluorescence measuring methods and apparatus use planar optical waveguides to excite fluorescence in the evanescent field of the waveguides and photodetectors to sense the fluorescence produced. Chemically sensitive fluorophores are bound to the evanescent regions of the planar optical waveguides. Substrates support the waveguides. Photodetectors, positioned in the substrates with fields of view normal to the waveguides, detect the fluorescence. Wavelength-selective material coating surfaces of the photodetectors allow fluorescence to be detected while restricting entry of light at the excitation wavelengths. The photodetectors have high aspect ratios for detection of fluorescence generated by the optical waveguides. Preferably, the photodetectors are closely coupled to the fluorescence generated in the evanescent field of the waveguide. In alternative embodiments, lightguides near the waveguides direct fluorescence from the plane of the waveguides for transmission by integrated optical fibers to remote sensors. For chemical detection and analysis, energy is introduced to an edge of the waveguide. The edges are coated to reflect the energizing energy throughout the waveguide. The energy excites the chemically sensitive fluorophore film positioned on the waveguide. Inexpensive photodetectors without expensive photo-multipliers are mounted in substrates beneath the waveguides or at ends of lightguides extending from the substrates for detecting fluorescence.
摘要翻译：荧光测量方法和装置使用平面光波导来激发波导和光电检测器的消逝场中的荧光以感测产生的荧光。化学敏感的荧光团与平面光波导的ev逝区结合。基板支撑波导。光检测器位于与波导垂直的视场的基板中，检测荧光。光电检测器的波长选择性材料涂层表面允许检测荧光，同时限制光在激发波长处的入射。光电检测器具有高的纵横比，用于检测由光波导产生的荧光。优选地，光电检测器紧密耦合到在波导的消逝场中产生的荧光。在替代实施例中，波导附近的光导从波导的平面引导荧光，用于通过集成的光纤传输到远程传感器。对于化学检测和分析，能量被引入到波导的边缘。涂覆边缘以在整个波导中反射能量能量。能量激发位于波导上的化学敏感的荧光团膜。没有昂贵的光电倍增器的廉价的光电探测器被安装在波导管的底部或从底板延伸的光导的端部处的基板中，用于检测荧光。

3. 发明授权

US5591407A Laser diode sensor 失效
标题翻译：激光二极管传感器
公开(公告)号：US5591407A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-07
申请号：US426659
申请日：1995-04-21
申请人： Howard P. Groger , Peter Lo , Martin Weiss , Peter Zory
发明人： Howard P. Groger , Peter Lo , Martin Weiss , Peter Zory
IPC分类号： G01N21/39 , G01N21/55 , G01N21/77 , G01N21/63
CPC分类号： G01N21/39 , G01N2021/391 , G01N2021/399 , G01N21/553 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/7703
摘要： A chemical sensor uses a semiconductor diode laser having a surface active region. A laser structure, including an active layer, a cladding layer, a barrier layer and a grating layer, is constructed on a substrate. A contact layer is deposited on a surface of the laser structure. One or more electrodes are positioned on the contact layer. A segmented electrode has a first contact pad, a second contact pad, and a surface active region between the first and second pads. A surface active region is created between the two electrodes. The tail of the lasing signal interacts with surface features of the diode laser or with chemical materials or probes in contact with the surface of the diode laser or in contact with coatings on the surface of the diode laser. Chemical changes in the ambient environment induce changes in the laser signal. The modified laser signal output is detected by a detector region integral with or separated from the laser structure. The laser diode sensor has applications in fields involving chemical sensing and identification, including automotive, environmental and medical fields.
摘要翻译：化学传感器使用具有表面活性区域的半导体二极管激光器。在基板上构造包括有源层，包覆层，势垒层和栅格层的激光结构。接触层沉积在激光结构的表面上。一个或多个电极定位在接触层上。分段电极具有第一接触焊盘，第二接触焊盘和在第一焊盘和第二焊盘之间的表面有源区域。在两个电极之间产生表面有源区。激光信号的尾部与二极管激光器的表面特征或与二极管激光器表面接触的化学材料或探针相互作用或与二极管激光器表面上的涂层接触。周围环境的化学变化引起激光信号的变化。修改的激光信号输出由与激光结构整体或与激光结构分离的检测器区域检测。激光二极管传感器在化学传感和识别领域有应用，包括汽车，环保和医疗领域。

4. 发明授权

US06521185B1 Fluorescent probes based on the affinity of a polymer matrix for an analyte of interest 失效
标题翻译：基于聚合物基质对感兴趣分析物的亲和力的荧光探针
公开(公告)号：US06521185B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US08553773
申请日：1995-10-23
申请人： Howard P. Groger , Shufang Luo , K. Peter Lo , Martin Weiss , James M. Sloan , Russell J. Churchill
发明人： Howard P. Groger , Shufang Luo , K. Peter Lo , Martin Weiss , James M. Sloan , Russell J. Churchill
IPC分类号： G01N2164
CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 , G01N21/648 , G01N2021/6439 , G01N2021/6482
摘要： A highly-sensitive, rapid response fluorescent probe is based on the affinity of a polymer matrix for an analyte of interest. The probe includes a polymer matrix and a dye immobilized in the matrix. The polymer matrix has an affinity for an analyte of interest and the dye has little or no sensitivity to the analyte of interest when excited by an excitation source in a free state but has significant sensitivity to the analyte of interest when excited by the excitation source when immobilized in the matrix. Sensors incorporating the polymer/fluorophore probes of the present invention have the sensitivity and rapid response needed for detection of chemical agent and biological materials. Sensors using the probes provide sensitivity to Sarin at several hundred parts per trillion in one second or less. That is a notable advance over state-of-the-art detectors that require preconcentration steps, which in turn restrict response times to one minute or more. A wide-range of near-infrared excitable fluorophores are used as sensitive probes for analytes not detectable when the fluorophores are outside the polymer matrix. The present sensors provide early warning of the presence of toxic chemicals, provides for on-line analysis of trace materials in chemical and biological processing operations and biomedical processing operations, and provides for effective biomedical and environmental monitoring.
摘要翻译：高灵敏度，快速响应的荧光探针是基于聚合物基质对感兴趣的分析物的亲和力。探针包括聚合物基质和固定在基质中的染料。聚合物基质对感兴趣的分析物具有亲和力，并且当激发源在自由状态下激发时，染料对感兴趣的分析物几乎没有或没有敏感性，但当被激发源激发时对染料分析物具有显着的敏感性，固定在基质中。结合本发明的聚合物/荧光团探针的传感器具有检测化学试剂和生物材料所需的灵敏度和快速反应。使用探针的传感器可以在一秒或更短的时间内以每万亿次几百份的比例提供对Sarin的敏感性。这是一个显着的进步，超过最先进的检测器，需要预浓缩步骤，从而将响应时间限制在一分钟以上。当荧光团在聚合物基质外部时，广泛的近红外可激发荧光团被用作不可检测的分析物的敏感探针。本传感器提供有毒化学物质的早期预警，提供化学和生物加工操作和生物医学加工操作中痕量物质的在线分析，并提供有效的生物医学和环境监测。

5. 发明授权

US5577137A Optical chemical sensor and method using same employing a multiplicity of fluorophores contained in the free volume of a polymeric optical waveguide or in pores of a ceramic waveguide 失效
标题翻译：光学化学传感器和使用其的方法使用包含在聚合物光波导的自由体积中的多个荧光团或在陶瓷波导的孔中
公开(公告)号：US5577137A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US392152
申请日：1995-02-22
申请人： Howard P. Groger , Peter Lo , Russell J. Churchill , Martin Weiss , Shufang Luo
发明人： Howard P. Groger , Peter Lo , Russell J. Churchill , Martin Weiss , Shufang Luo
IPC分类号： G01N21/64 , G01N21/77 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/132 , G02B6/00 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G02B6/132 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/648 , G01N21/7703 , G02B6/02 , G01N2021/7793 , G01N21/6408
摘要： A fluorescent sensor for chemical analysis has a light source, an optical waveguide, and a detector. Fluorophores are associated with the optical waveguide. When an impervious waveguide is used, a fluorophore-containing layer is applied to a surface of the waveguide. The fluorophores are excited by a laser, a light emitting diode, an electroluminescent source or a lamp source emitting light propagating at angles to the waveguide. The light source is modulated. A mirror can be used to direct the light beam. The angle of light incidence on the waveguide can be altered by moving the waveguide itself. The waveguide traps the laser-induced fluorescence and projects fluorescence signals through a suitable filter to a photodetector or otherwise wavelength-specific photodetector positioned near the waveguide structure. Remote operation of the sensor is achieved using optical fibers. Patterned waveguides allow multiple excitation sources to illuminate multiple fluorescent probe materials. The change in fluorescence from each fluorophore is sensed as a vector response which is evaluated using digital signal processing. The sensor uses steady state fluorescence and fluorescence decay information to determine identity and concentration of analytes of interest. The invention is used for chemical analysis of gases or of liquid materials.
摘要翻译：用于化学分析的荧光传感器具有光源，光波导和检测器。荧光团与光波导相关联。当使用不透水波导时，将含荧光团的层施加到波导的表面。荧光团由激光器，发光二极管，电致发光源或发射以波导角度传播的光的灯源激发。光源被调制。可以使用镜子来引导光束。可以通过移动波导本身来改变波导上的光入射角度。波导捕获激光诱导的荧光，并将荧光信号通过适当的滤光器投射到位于波导结构附近的光电检测器或其他波长特定的光电检测器。使用光纤实现传感器的远程操作。图案波导允许多个激发源照亮多个荧光探针材料。感测来自每个荧光团的荧光的变化作为矢量响应，其使用数字信号处理进行评估。传感器使用稳态荧光和荧光衰减信息来确定感兴趣的分析物的同一性和浓度。本发明用于气体或液体材料的化学分析。

6. 发明授权

US08794244B2 Electronic rechargeable smoking unit 有权
标题翻译：电子充电吸烟机
公开(公告)号：US08794244B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-05
申请号：US12927669
申请日：2010-12-27
申请人： Jeff Hammel , Martin Weiss
发明人： Jeff Hammel , Martin Weiss
IPC分类号： A24F47/00 , A24F1/28
CPC分类号： A24F1/28 , A24F47/004 , A24F47/008
摘要： Electronic Rechargeable Smoking Unit is a fully self-contained device for smoking tobacco. The Unit uses an electrically heated element in addition to oxygen that is induced by inhalation on the Unit to combust the tobacco that is placed within the chamber. No oxygen can be induced without the user inhaling through the mouthpiece. Therefore, the tobacco only burns whilest the user is inhaling resulting in all the smoke from the tobacco passing through the lungs of the user. There is a replaceable/reusable filter placed between the burn chamber and the mouthpiece. The Unit also comes with a hose that can be attached to the mouthpiece as an extension tube. The mouthpiece of the hose contains a switch to control the circuit.
摘要翻译：电子充电吸烟单元是一个完全独立的吸烟设备。该装置使用电加热元件，除了吸入单元引起的氧气外，还会燃烧放置在室内的烟草。没有使用者通过喉舌吸气就可以引起氧气。因此，烟草只会燃烧用户正在吸入的烟雾，导致烟草中所有的烟雾通过用户的肺部。放置在燃烧室和喉舌之间的可更换/可重复使用的过滤器。本机还配有一个软管，可以作为延长管连接到喉舌上。软管的喉舌包含用于控制电路的开关。

7. 发明授权

US08505875B2 Vacuum valve 有权
标题翻译：真空阀
公开(公告)号：US08505875B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-13
申请号：US12967692
申请日：2010-12-14
申请人： Oliver Mahr , Tamer Meseli , Martin Weiss
发明人： Oliver Mahr , Tamer Meseli , Martin Weiss
IPC分类号： F16K25/00
CPC分类号： F16K3/0227 , F16K27/044 , F16K51/02
摘要： A vacuum valve with a valve housing with a valve opening, a closing element, and at least one peripherally closed seal on the closing element with first and second seal main sections and first and second seal connecting sections allocated to corresponding seat main sections and connecting sections. The seal extends in a groove defined by two side walls and a base wall. The first seal main section is arranged on a front end face of the closing element and has a middle part where the seal extends in a straight line. The seal is clamped by a clamping bar at least across part of the middle part, with the clamping bar fixed on the closing element and forming one of the side walls. Through at least one second sub-region of the longitudinal extent of the seal, the two side walls and base wall are formed by the closing element.
摘要翻译：一种具有阀壳体的真空阀，其具有阀开口，闭合元件以及封闭元件上的至少一个周向封闭的密封件，其具有第一和第二密封主要部分以及分配给相应的座椅主要部分和连接部分的第一和第二密封连接部分。密封件在由两个侧壁和底壁限定的凹槽中延伸。第一密封主体部分布置在封闭元件的前端面上，并且具有密封件沿直线延伸的中间部分。密封件由至少跨越中间部分的夹紧杆夹紧，夹紧杆固定在封闭元件上并形成一个侧壁。通过密封件的纵向范围的至少一个第二子区域，两个侧壁和底壁由闭合元件形成。

8. 发明申请

US20130163653A1 EVALUATION UNIT AND A METHOD FOR DEMODULATION OF OFDM DATA 有权
标题翻译：评估单元和解调OFDM数据的方法
公开(公告)号：US20130163653A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-27
申请号：US13819944
申请日：2011-11-15
申请人： Susanne Hirschmann , Martin Weiss , Gregor Feldhaus
发明人： Susanne Hirschmann , Martin Weiss , Gregor Feldhaus
IPC分类号： H04B17/00
CPC分类号： H04L27/2666 , H04B17/00 , H04B17/23 , H04L27/0012 , H04L27/2602 , H04L27/2627 , H04L27/2655
摘要： The present disclosure provides an evaluation unit which includes a central data-processing unit, at least one storage unit and an allocation unit, wherein the allocation unit and the at least one storage unit (3) are connected to the central data-processing unit. The central data-processing unit loads at least one OFDM signal from the at least one storage unit and transfers this to the allocation unit. The allocation unit displays the individual signal spaces of the OFDM symbols of the at least one OFDM signal in a constellation diagram and in a frame-output matrix in such a manner that it is possible to allocate via the diagrams at which signal spaces data symbols and/or pilot symbols and/or zero symbols and/or don't care symbols are present and with which modulation type the data symbols and/or pilot symbols are modulated.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了一种评估单元，其包括中央数据处理单元，至少一个存储单元和分配单元，其中所述分配单元和所述至少一个存储单元（3）连接到所述中央数据处理单元。中央数据处理单元从至少一个存储单元加载至少一个OFDM信号，并将其传送到分配单元。分配单元以星座图和帧输出矩阵中的方式显示至少一个OFDM信号的OFDM符号的各个信号空间，使得可以经由图中的信号空间分配数据符号和 /或导频符号和/或零符号和/或不关心符号，并且调制类型的数据符号和/或导频符号被调制。

9. 发明授权

US08443697B2 Bicycle shifter 有权
标题翻译：自行车换档
公开(公告)号：US08443697B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-21
申请号：US12563951
申请日：2009-09-21
申请人： Martin Weiss
发明人： Martin Weiss
IPC分类号： F16C1/10 , G05G1/00 , B62K23/06 , B62M25/04
CPC分类号： F16C1/12 , B62K23/06 , B62M25/04 , Y10T74/2028 , Y10T74/20287 , Y10T74/2042 , Y10T74/20438 , Y10T74/2133 , Y10T74/2136 , Y10T74/214
摘要： A shifter designed to actuate a gear change device of a bicycle by pulling and releasing a control cable. The shifter includes a base plate mountable to the bicycle, a cable spool and cable-pull and cable-release lever assemblies. The cable spool is rotated in a cable-pull direction to wind the control cable thereon and in a cable-release direction to unwind the control cable therefrom. The cable-pull and cable-release lever assemblies are operatively connected to the cable spool to rotate the cable spool in the cable-pull and cable-release directions, respectively. The cable-pull lever assembly includes a cable-pull lever rotated about a first axis and at least two winding pawls received by and rotating with the cable-pull lever about the first axis to transmit rotational movement of the cable-pull lever to the cable spool.
摘要翻译：换档器，其设计成通过拉动和释放控制缆索来致动自行车的换档装置。换档器包括可安装到自行车上的底板，电缆线轴和电缆拉和电缆释放杆组件。电缆卷轴沿电缆拉动方向旋转，以将控制电缆卷绕在电缆释放方向上，以从其中松开控制电缆。电缆拉索和电缆释放杆组件可操作地连接到电缆线轴，以分别在电缆拉和电缆释放方向上旋转电缆线轴。电缆牵引杆组件包括围绕第一轴线旋转的电缆拉杆和至少两个缠绕爪，所述至少两个绕组爪被电缆拉杆绕第一轴线接收并转动，以将电缆拉杆的旋转运动传递到电缆线轴。

10. 发明申请

US20110087375A1 Method And Device For Controlling A Manipulator 有权
标题翻译：用于控制机械手的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20110087375A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-14
申请号：US12903769
申请日：2010-10-13
申请人： Andreas Aurnhammer , Stefan Burkhart , Manfred Hüttenhofer , Martin Weiss
发明人： Andreas Aurnhammer , Stefan Burkhart , Manfred Hüttenhofer , Martin Weiss
IPC分类号： B25J9/12
CPC分类号： G05B19/416 , G05B2219/40057 , G05B2219/40453 , G05B2219/40454 , G05B2219/43057 , G05B2219/43058 , G05B2219/43062 , G05B2219/43203 , G05B2219/45013 , G05B2219/45065 , G05B2219/45238 , Y10S901/01
摘要： A method according to the invention for controlling a manipulator, in particular a robot, includes the following steps:determining (S10, S20) a target path (q(s)) of the manipulator, and determining (S70) a motion value (v(s)) for this target path, optionally, determining (S50) a path segment ([s_A, s_E]) with a defined profile of a motion value (v(s)=vc), and automatically determining (S60) this motion value on the basis of motion values (v_max_RB, v_max_vg) permissible in this path segment.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的用于控制机械手，特别是机器人的方法包括以下步骤：确定（S10，S20）操纵器的目标路径（q（s）），并且确定（S70）运动值（v （s）），可选地，确定（S50）具有运动值（v（s）= vc）的限定轮廓的路段（[s_A，s_E]），并且自动确定（S60）该运动基于此路径段中允许的运动值（v_max_RB，v_max_vg）的值。

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