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1. 发明授权

US4249719A Tuyere for the injection of reaction gas 失效
标题翻译： Tuyere注入反应气体
公开(公告)号：US4249719A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-10
申请号：US602870
申请日：1975-08-07
申请人： Helmut Knuppel , Karl Brotzmann , Hans-Georg Fassbinder , Ernst Fritz
发明人： Helmut Knuppel , Karl Brotzmann , Hans-Georg Fassbinder , Ernst Fritz
IPC分类号： C21C5/48 , C21C7/072 , F27D3/16 , C21B7/16
CPC分类号： C21C5/48 , Y02P10/143
摘要： A tuyere for the injection of both a refining gas such as oxygen into a melting or refining vessel, and a fluid protective medium such as a hydrocarbon gas or a liquid surrounding the injected refining gas, in which there is a solid center in the pipe through which the refining gas is suplied so that the refining gas enters the refining vessel as an annulus around which the protective fluid is disposed.The tuyere is installd in the refractory lining of the refining vessel and the fluids passing into the vessel through the tuyere are proportioned so that burning back of the tuyere and erosion or wear of the lining take place at the same rate.The protective medium cools the tuyere and avoids reactions between the refining gas and the tuyere material.
摘要翻译：用于将精炼气体如氧气注入熔融或精炼容器的风口，以及流体保护介质，例如烃气体或围绕注入的精炼气体的液体，其中在管道中存在固体中心精炼气体被稀释，使得精炼气体作为环状物进入精炼容器，保护流体围绕该环空设置。将风口安装在精炼容器的耐火衬里中，并且通过风口进入容器的流体成比例，使得风口的燃烧和衬里的侵蚀或磨损以相同的速率进行。保护介质冷却风口并避免精炼气体和风口材料之间的反应。

2. 发明授权

US4023781A Tuyere for metallurgical vessels 失效
标题翻译： Tuyere冶金船
公开(公告)号：US4023781A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-17
申请号：US652917
申请日：1976-01-28
申请人： Ernst Fritz , Hans Georg Fassbinder
发明人： Ernst Fritz , Hans Georg Fassbinder
IPC分类号： C21C5/48
CPC分类号： C21C5/48
摘要： This invention relates to a process for refining metals in a refining vessel, by means of a tuyere embedded in the bottom or sidewall of the vessel and through which a refining gas is blown into the vessel. The tuyere is composed of at least three concentric pipes, the refining gas being made to pass through the central pipe and a protective medium being made to pass into the vessel through the spaces between the pipes which surround the central pipe. All of the pipes except the outermost pipe which is fixedly embedded in the refractory lining of the vessel, are individually movable longitudinally into the vessel.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种通过嵌入在容器的底部或侧壁中的风口，在精炼容器中精炼金属的方法，并将精炼气体吹入容器中。风口由至少三个同心的管道组成，精炼气体被制成通过中心管道，保护介质被制成通过围绕中心管道的管道之间的空间进入容器。除了固定地埋在容器的耐火衬里中的最外面的管子以外的所有管子可以纵向地单独移动到容器中。

3. 发明授权

US4827486A Process for increasing the energy input in electric arc furnaces 失效
标题翻译：增加电弧炉能量输入的过程
公开(公告)号：US4827486A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-02
申请号：US89325
申请日：1987-08-25
申请人： Karl Brotzmann , Ernst Fritz
发明人： Karl Brotzmann , Ernst Fritz
IPC分类号： F27B3/20 , C21C5/52 , F27B3/14 , F27B3/22 , H05B7/00 , H05B11/00
CPC分类号： C21C5/5217 , Y02P10/216
摘要： To save energy in the production of steel in an electric arc furnace while increasing the total input of energy, the employment of carbonaceous fuels and oxygen-containing gases is proposed. The oxygen or the oxygen-containing gases are led into the furnace in the upper part of the furnace through stationary top blow-in devices (4) into the space between the pitch circle of the electrodes (10) and the furnace wall (3). The resulting intense gas flow repeatedly sucks in the reaction gases arising from the scrap or the melt being formed and burns them. The heat thus set free is transferred to the scrap and/or the melt with a thermal efficiency of at least 70%. By nozzles (2) arranged below the surface of the bath, and preferably in the furnace floor, preferably oxidizing gases are led into the melt and solid materials, particularly carbonaceous fuels, are supplied to the melt through one or more hollow electrodes (6) with an abrasion-resistant cladding. With this process, increased energy input into the electric arc furnace becomes possible, and thus the melting down time can be shortened and the economy of the process improved.
摘要翻译：为了节省电弧炉生产中的能源，同时增加能源的总投入，提出碳质燃料和含氧气体的使用。氧气或含氧气体通过静止的顶部吹入装置（4）引入炉的上部的炉中进入电极（10）的节圆和炉壁（3）之间的空间中，。所产生的强烈的气流反复地吸收由废料或熔体形成的反应气体，并将其燃烧。由此设定的自由热量以至少70％的热效率转移到废料和/或熔体。通过布置在浴表面下方，优选地在炉底中的喷嘴（2），优选将氧化气体引入熔体中，通过一个或多个中空电极（6）向固体材料（特别是含碳燃料）供应熔体，具有耐磨包层。通过该处理，可以增加进入电弧炉的能量输入，从而可以缩短熔化时间，并且提高了工艺的经济性。

4. 发明授权

US5611838A Process for producing an iron melt 失效
标题翻译：铁熔体的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5611838A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US350952
申请日：1994-12-07
申请人： Ernst Fritz , Stefan Dimitrov
发明人： Ernst Fritz , Stefan Dimitrov
IPC分类号： C21B13/00 , C21B13/12 , C21C5/36 , C21C5/52 , C22B7/02 , F27B3/08 , F27D3/00 , F27D3/16 , F27D21/00 , F27D21/02
CPC分类号： C21B13/0013 , C21B13/12 , C21C5/527 , C22B7/02 , F27B3/085 , C21C2005/366 , F27D2003/161 , F27D2021/026 , F27D21/0035 , F27D3/0026 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/216
摘要： There is disclosed a process for producing an iron melt in a reactor with current supply. In order to utilize fine-grained iron carriers in a particularly economic manner while minimizing the energy input when carrying out such process in an electric arc furnace, it is proceeded in the following manner:an iron melt is provided in the electric arc furnace,a foamed slag is provided and maintained on the iron melt,fine-grained iron carriers, such as metallurgical dusts, fine ores, iron carbide, dust from the production of directly reduced iron, scales, dried metallurgical slurries, etc., are introduced into the foamed slag continuously or discontinuously,fine-grained carbon-containing reducing agents, such as coal, coke, wood, graphite, synthetic materials, etc. are supplied into the foamed slag continuously or discontinuously andfine-grained carbon-containing energy carriers additionally are introduced into the foamed slag continuously or discontinuously for furnishing the required process heat,process gases forming during reduction and carbon-containing energy carriers are burnt to CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O within the foamed slag for further furnishing locally required process heat, andthe process course is accelerated by introducing gases and/or gas mixtures into the iron melt.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在具有电流供应的反应器中生产铁熔体的方法。为了在电弧炉中进行这种处理的同时最小化能量输入的同时以特别经济的方式使用细粒铁载体，其以如下方式进行：在电弧炉中设置铁熔体，在铁熔体上提供并保持泡沫渣，将细粒铁载体如冶金粉尘，细矿石，碳化铁，生产直接还原铁，鳞片，干燥冶金浆等的粉尘引入发泡渣连续或不连续地连续或不连续地供应到发泡炉渣中，细粒度的含碳还原剂如煤，焦炭，木材，石墨，合成材料等，另外还有细颗粒的含碳能量载体连续地或不连续地引入泡沫炉渣中以提供所需的工艺热，还原期间形成的工艺气体和含碳能量载体在发泡炉渣内燃烧到CO 2和H 2 O以进一步提供局部所需的工艺热，并且通过将气体和/或气体混合物引入铁熔体中来加速工艺过程。

5. 发明授权

US06558614B1 Method for producing a metal melt and corresponding multifunction lance 失效
标题翻译：金属熔体和相应的多功能喷枪的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06558614B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US09763821
申请日：2001-05-01
申请人： Ernst Fritz
发明人： Ernst Fritz
IPC分类号： C21C532
CPC分类号： C21C5/4606 , C21C5/5217 , F23D14/22 , F23D14/32 , F23D17/00 , F23D17/002 , F23D17/005 , F23L2900/07002 , F23L2900/07005 , F23L2900/07009 , Y02E20/344 , Y02P10/216 , Y02P10/34
摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing a metal melt in a metallurgical vessel, in particular an iron or steel melt, feed substances which contain metals and/or metal oxides, being charged in solid and, if appropriate, molten form into the metallurgical vessel, the main part of the energy necessary for the melting and, if appropriate, finish-reduction of the feed substances being applied electrically and/or by the combustion and/or gasification of carbon-containing materials. The invention relates, further, to multi-functional lances for use in a method according to the invention.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种在冶金容器中，特别是铁或钢熔体中的金属熔体的制造方法，所述方法包含金属和/或金属氧化物，其以固体形式装入，如果合适的话将熔融形式装入冶金容器，熔融所需的能量的主要部分，以及如果适当的话，进料物质的电还原和/或通过含碳材料的燃烧和/或气化而被完全还原。本发明还涉及用于根据本发明的方法的多功能喷枪。

6. 发明授权

US06172367B2 Method and device for measuring electromagnetic waves emanating from a melt 失效
标题翻译：用于测量从熔体发出的电磁波的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06172367B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-09
申请号：US09091477
申请日：1998-06-19
申请人： Ernst Fritz , Norbert Ramaseder
发明人： Ernst Fritz , Norbert Ramaseder
IPC分类号： G01J504
CPC分类号： G01J5/041 , G01N33/206
摘要： In a method for determining electromagnetic waves originating from the interior of a melt (3), in particular a metal melt, a gas-filled hollow space (26) is formed within the melt (3) by blowing in gas and electromagnetic waves emitting from the melt (3) are observed through the blown-in gas and evaluated by feeding the electromagnetic waves via an optical system (20) to a detector (22) for determining the temperature and/or chemical composition. In order to avoid falsifications of the measured values, the emitting electromagnetic waves are cleared from electromagnetic waves (36, 37, 39, 40) directed obliquely to the optical axis (38) of the optical system (20) and present beyond a limit radius (41) drawn from the optical axis (38) of the optical system (20), by refracting said electromagnetic waves (36, 37, 39, 40) away from the optical axis (38) of the optical system (20) in a wave dispersion means (42) of the optical system (20) and only electromagnetic waves directed approximately parallel to the optical axis (38) of the optical system (20) arrive at a detector (22) arranged to follow the optical system (20), and/or the optical system (20) is moved relative to the hollow space (26) while adjusting its optical axis (38), until the intensity of the emitting electromagnetic waves yields a maximum during evaluation of the same (FIG. 2).
摘要翻译：在用于确定源自熔体（3）的内部，特别是金属熔体的电磁波的方法中，通过吹入气体中的气体和电磁波形成气体填充的中空空间（26）通过吹入气体观察熔体（3），并通过经由光学系统（20）将电磁波馈送到用于确定温度和/或化学成分的检测器（22）来评估。为了避免伪造从光学系统（20）的光轴（38）倾斜指向的电磁波（36,37,39,40）中清除发射电磁波，并超出从光学系统（20）绘出的极限半径（41）通过在所述光学系统（20）的光轴（38）中离开所述光学系统（20）的光轴（38）的所述电磁波（36,37,39,40）的波分散装置（42）中折射所述光学系统（20）的轴线（38）光学系统（20），并且仅电磁波约为p 平行于光学系统（20）的光轴（38）到达布置成跟随光学系统（20）的检测器（22），和/或光学系统（20）相对于中空空间（26）移动），同时调节其光轴（38），直到发射电磁波的强度在其评估期间产生最大值（图3）。 2）。

7. 发明授权

US6077324A Method for producing alloyed steels 失效
标题翻译：合金钢生产方法
公开(公告)号：US6077324A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-20
申请号：US584819
申请日：1996-01-11
申请人： Ernst Fritz
发明人： Ernst Fritz
IPC分类号： C21C7/06 , C21C5/52 , C21C7/00 , C21C7/064 , C21C7/068 , C22C33/00 , C21B13/12
CPC分类号： C21C5/5264 , C21C5/5252 , C21C7/0685 , C21C2007/0093 , Y10S75/961 , Y10S75/962
摘要： In a method for producing alloyed steels, wherein in a first manufacturing step iron carriers are to a great extent decarburized and dephosphorized by means of oxygen and after removal of the slag resulting therefrom the melt is adjusted to the desired alloy and carbon content in a further manufacturing step after addition of alloy carriers by means of oxygen and inert gas.Especially in order to produce stainless steels in an economical manner while achieving a high level of productivity, in particular while charging major amounts of solids,the first manufacturing step is carried out under supply of electric energy in an electric furnace andthe further manufacturing step is also effected under supply of electric energy, in an electric furnace that is to a great extent free from phosphorus-containing slag.
摘要翻译：在制造合金钢的方法中，其中在第一制造步骤中，铁载体在很大程度上通过氧气脱碳和脱磷，并且在除去由此产生的炉渣之后，将熔体在另外的方法中调节至期望的合金和碳含量通过氧气和惰性气体加入合金载体后的制造步骤。特别是为了在实现高水平的生产率的同时，特别是在加入大量固体的同时以经济的方式生产不锈钢时，第一制造步骤在电炉中供应电能下进行，另外的制造步骤是也在电能供应下，在很大程度上没有含磷渣的电炉中。

8. 发明授权

US06241798B1 Iron smelting process and plant according to the multiple zone smelting process 失效
标题翻译：铁冶炼工艺根据多区冶炼工艺
公开(公告)号：US06241798B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-05
申请号：US08930220
申请日：1998-02-12
申请人： Stefan Dimitrov , Norbert Ramaseder , Wilfried Pirklbauer , Ernst Fritz , Heinz Müller
发明人： Stefan Dimitrov , Norbert Ramaseder , Wilfried Pirklbauer , Ernst Fritz , Heinz Müller
IPC分类号： C21B1110
CPC分类号： C21C5/5229 , C21C5/5252 , C21C5/562 , F27B3/085 , Y02P10/212
摘要： In order to be able to process in an economical manner different iron carriers in varying quantitative compositions, a plant for the production of iron melts (4), in particular steel melts, such as crude steel melts, is equipped with an electric are furnace vessel (1), a refining vessel (3) following upon the furnace vessel (1) via a weir (34) and including a bottom departing from the weir (34) in an at least partially downwardly inclined manner and an oxygen supply means (35, 36) as well as an iron melt tap (41) provided in its end region farther remote from the furnace vessel (1), a decanting vessel (2) following upon the furnace vessel (1) and having a common bottom (18) with the furnace vessel (1), said decanting vessel being provided with a slag tap (43) in its end region farther remote from the furnace vessel (1), a supply means (21) supplying liquid pig iron (20) and opening into the furnace vessel (1), a preheating shaft (5) supplying solid iron carries (7), said preheating shaft being arranged above the furnace vessel (1) and opening into the furnace vessel (1) via its lid (4) via a gas-permeable cooled shut-off means (6), and a charging shaft (10) arranged above the furnace vessel (1) and opening into the furnace vessel (1) via a gas-impermeable cooled shut-off means (11) (FIG. 1).
摘要翻译：为了能够以经济的方式处理不同的铁载体以不同的定量组成，用于生产铁熔体的设备（4），特别是钢熔体，例如粗钢熔体，配备有电炉炉 1），经由堰（34）在炉容器（1）之后并且包括以至少部分向下倾斜的方式从堰（34）离开的底部的精炼容器（3），以及供氧装置（35， 36）以及设置在其远离炉容器（1）的远端区域的铁熔丝（41），倾斜容器（2），其在炉容器（1）之后并且具有共同的底部（18）所述滗析容器（1）在其远离炉容器（1）的端部区域中设置有炉渣分离器（43），供应装置（21）供应液体生铁（20）并打开炉容器（1），提供固体铁载体（7）的预热轴（5），所述预热轴为并且经由其透气的冷却切断装置（6）经由其盖（4）打开到炉容器（1）中，并且设置在炉容器（1）上方的充电轴（10）通过不透气的冷却切断装置（11）（图1）打开炉膛（1）。 1）。

9. 发明授权

US5653936A Method of cooling a hot surface and an arrangement for carrying out the method 失效
标题翻译：冷却热表面的方法和用于实施该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US5653936A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-05
申请号：US506833
申请日：1995-07-25
申请人： Bernhard Enkner , Ernst Fritz , Manfred Eysn , Rudolf Gruber , Peter Kickinger
发明人： Bernhard Enkner , Ernst Fritz , Manfred Eysn , Rudolf Gruber , Peter Kickinger
IPC分类号： F25D7/00 , F27B1/24 , F27B3/24 , F27D9/00 , C21B7/16
CPC分类号： F27D9/00 , F27B3/24 , F27D2009/0016
摘要： In a method of cooling a hot surface, a liquid cooling medium is atomized by a plurality of nozzles in a hollow space surrounding the surface and open towards the atmosphere. In order to ensure uniform continuous, yet just sufficient, cooling of the hot surface, with the cooling effecting with a constant temperature as possible over an extended period of time while avoiding changing thermal expansions of the hot surface, the liquid cooling medium is continuously atomized by means of unary nozzles to a fine mist having a droplet size ranging between 4 and 60 .mu.m. The mist leaves the unary nozzles at a low speed and is moved along the hot surface within the hollow space surrounding the hot surface under utilization of the natural thermal current in the hollow space.
摘要翻译：在冷却热表面的方法中，液体冷却介质被围绕表面的中空空间中的多个喷嘴雾化，并朝向大气敞开。为了确保均匀的连续但足够的冷却表面，尽可能长时间地保持恒定温度的冷却，同时避免热表面的热膨胀变化，液体冷却介质连续雾化通过一次喷嘴到具有4至60μm之间的液滴尺寸的细雾。雾气以低速离开一次喷嘴，并且在中空空间内的自然热电流的利用下，沿着热表面周围的中空空间内的热表面移动。

10. 发明授权

US4702462A Water-cooled lance for blowing oxidizing gas onto a metal melt 失效
标题翻译：用于将氧化气体吹入金属熔体的水冷喷枪
公开(公告)号：US4702462A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-27
申请号：US835534
申请日：1986-03-03
申请人： Ernst Fritz
发明人： Ernst Fritz
IPC分类号： C21C5/30 , C21C5/46 , C22B9/05 , F27D3/16 , C21C5/32
CPC分类号： F27D3/16 , C21C5/4606 , C22B9/05 , C21C5/305
摘要： A water-cooled lance for blowing oxygen or oxygen containing gas onto a metal melt, for example an iron melt, for afterburning reaction gases from the melt and transfering the heat of afterburning back to the melt comprises a center tube forming a gas supply duct surrounded by further tubes for cooling water. The center tube leads to a head having a plurality of oxygen-blowing nozzles. Each of the nozzles has a plurality of oxygen outlet openings. The outlet openings have their centers lying on two concentric circles and are arranged so that each opening produces an individual gas stream. The axes of the outlet openings are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the lance at angles such that, in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the lance and at a distance Lh from the head, the gas streams extend over an annular area in the plane having an inside diameter Di and and outside diameter Da. Lh, Di and Da have the following relationships:Di:Lh is the range of from 0.15 to 0.6; and,Da:Lh is the range of from 0.6 to 1.2.
摘要翻译：将用于将氧气或含氧气体吹送到金属熔体（例如铁熔体）上的水冷喷枪用于从熔体中再燃烧反应气体并将再燃烧的热量传递回熔体包括形成气体供应管道的中心管通过进一步的冷却水管。中心管通向具有多个吹氧喷嘴的头部。每个喷嘴具有多个氧气出口。出口开口的中心位于两个同心圆上，并排列成使得每个开口产生单独的气流。出口开口的轴线相对于喷枪的纵向轴线倾斜，角度使得在垂直于喷枪的纵向轴线的平面中并且距头部距离Lh处，气流在该喷嘴的环形区域上延伸具有内径Di和外径Da的平面。 Lh，Di和Da具有以下关系：Di：Lh为0.15至0.6的范围; Da：Lh为0.6〜1.2的范围。

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