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1. 发明授权

US5581037A Nondestructive evaluation of pipes and tubes using magnetostrictive sensors 失效
标题翻译：使用磁致伸缩传感器对管道进行非破坏性评估
公开(公告)号：US5581037A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US401170
申请日：1995-03-09
申请人： Hegeon Kwun , Cecil M. Teller, II
发明人： Hegeon Kwun , Cecil M. Teller, II
IPC分类号： G01N29/04 , G01N29/14 , G01N29/24 , G01N29/28
CPC分类号： G01N29/14 , G01N29/2412 , G01N2291/0421 , G01N2291/048 , G01N2291/101 , G01N2291/102 , G01N2291/2626 , G01N2291/2634
摘要： A method and apparatus for the inspection of ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic pipes, tubes or other cylindrical shell structures utilizing the magnetostrictive effect to detect defects such as corrosion pits, wall thinning, and cracks within the structure under evaluation. The apparatus and method constitute an active testing application, wherein 1) a transmitting coil element generates a mechanical pulse within a cylindrical shell structure through the magnetostrictive effect and a second coil detects reflected mechanical waves within the pipe, this by the inverse magnetostrictive effect, or 2) a single sensor functions as both transmitter and detector. The present invention also anticipates a passive monitoring application with a detection coil that continuously monitors ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic tubes, pipes, etc., for mechanical or acoustic wave emissions and either records this monitored information or alerts the appropriate personnel to the existence of mechanical or acoustic wave emissions indicative of deterioration. Non-ferromagnetic pipes, tubes, etc., are made amenable to inspection by attaching a layer of ferromagnetic material such as nickel on either the inner or outer walls of the pipes, tubes, etc. by plating or bonding such material in a local area where the sensor is to be placed.
摘要翻译：利用磁致伸缩效应检测铁磁和非铁磁管，管或其它圆柱壳结构的方法和装置，以检测在评估结构内的缺陷如腐蚀坑，壁变薄和裂纹。该装置和方法构成主动测试应用，其中1）发射线圈元件通过磁致伸缩效应在圆柱形外壳结构内产生机械脉冲，第二线圈通过反向磁致伸缩效应来检测管内反射的机械波，或 2）单个传感器用作发射器和检测器。本发明还预期具有检测线圈的被动监测应用，该检测线圈连续监测用于机械或声波发射的铁磁或非铁磁管，管等，并且记录该监测信息或者警告适当的人员存在机械或指示恶化的声波发射。非铁磁管，管等可以通过在局部区域中电镀或粘合这种材料将诸如镍的铁磁性材料层附接在管，管等的内壁或外壁上来进行检查传感器放置在哪里。

2. 发明授权

US5457994A Nondestructive evaluation of non-ferromagnetic materials using magnetostrictively induced acoustic/ultrasonic waves and magnetostrictively detected acoustic emissions 失效
标题翻译：使用磁致伸缩诱导声/超声波和磁致伸缩检测声发射的非铁磁材料的非破坏性评估
公开(公告)号：US5457994A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US33256
申请日：1993-03-16
申请人： Hegeon Kwun , Cecil M. Teller, II
发明人： Hegeon Kwun , Cecil M. Teller, II
IPC分类号： G01N29/14 , G01N29/24 , G01N29/28
CPC分类号： G01N29/14 , G01N29/2412 , G01N2291/0258 , G01N2291/0422 , G01N2291/048 , G01N2291/101 , G01N2291/102 , G01N2291/2626
摘要： A method and apparatus for the nondestructive evaluation of ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic materials, particularly wire ropes, cables, and strands, and pipes utilizing the magnetostrictive effect for measuring minute variations in magnetic fields and characterizing these minute variations as indicative of the acoustic/ultrasonic behavior of fractures, cracks, and other anomalies within a substance under evaluation. The apparatus and method contemplate both an active testing application, wherein a transmitting sensor generates an acoustic/ultrasonic pulse within a material through the magnetostrictive effect and a second receiving sensor detects reflected acoustic/ultrasonic waves within the material, again by the inverse magnetostrictive effect. The advantages of utilizing magnetostrictive sensors as opposed to well known piezoelectric sensors lies in the ability to generate and detect acoustic/ultrasonic waves without a direct physical or acoustical contact to the material. The apparatus and method of the present invention also anticipates the use of a passive monitoring system comprised only of a receiving magnetostrictive sensor that continuously monitors a ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic substance for acoustic emissions and either records this monitored information or alerts the appropriate personnel of the existence of an acoustic emission indicating deterioration within the structure.
摘要翻译：铁磁和非铁磁材料，特别是钢丝绳，电缆和股线的非破坏性评估的方法和装置，以及利用磁致伸缩效应测量磁场中的微小变化并且将这些微小变化表征为声/超声被评估物质内的裂缝，裂缝等异常行为。该装置和方法考虑了主动测试应用，其中发射传感器通过磁致伸缩效应在材料内产生声/超声波脉冲，第二接收传感器再次通过反磁致伸缩效应来检测材料内的反射声/超声波。使用磁致伸缩传感器与众所周知的压电传感器相比的优点在于能够产生和检测声/超声波，而没有与材料的直接物理或声学接触。本发明的装置和方法还预期使用无源监测系统，其仅由接收磁致伸缩传感器构成，其接收磁致伸缩传感器，其连续地监测用于声发射的铁磁或非铁磁性物质，并且记录该监测信息或者警告适当的人员存在表示结构内的劣化的声发射。

3. 发明授权

US4497209A Nondestructive testing of stress in a ferromagnetic structural material utilizing magnetically induced velocity change measurements 失效
标题翻译：利用磁感应速度变化测量对铁磁结构材料中的应力进行非破坏性测试
公开(公告)号：US4497209A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-05
申请号：US513059
申请日：1983-07-12
申请人： Hegeon Kwun , Cecil M. Teller, II
发明人： Hegeon Kwun , Cecil M. Teller, II
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01N29/07 , G01N22/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/725 , G01N29/07 , G01N2291/02863
摘要： This disclosure relates to a nondestructive method of measuring stress in a ferromagnetic structural material. One method involves the measurement of the change in ultrasonic velocity induced by an externally applied magnetic field; the method enables nondestructively determining the magnitude, the direction, and the sign (i.e., tensile or compressive) of a stress in a ferromagnetic material. The magnetically induced velocity change of an ultrasonic wave is caused by the magnetoelastic coupling in the ferromagnetic material. This magnetically induced velocity change is characteristically dependent on the magnitude and the sign of the stress and also on the relative orientation of the stress, the magnetic field, and the polarization and propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave. The dependence of magnetically induced velocity changes can be utilized for nondestructive stress measurements. In one version, for measuring bulk stresses, either a longitudinal ultrasonic wave or a shear ultrasonic wave is used. In another version, for measuring surface stresses, a surface ultrasonic wave is preferably used. By using surface waves at several different frequencies, a stress gradient can also be determined.
摘要翻译：本公开涉及一种测量铁磁结构材料中的应力的非破坏性方法。一种方法包括测量由外部施加的磁场引起的超声速度的变化; 该方法能够非破坏性地确定铁磁材料中的应力的大小，方向和符号（即拉伸或压缩）。超声波的磁感应速度变化是由铁磁材料中的磁弹性耦合引起的。这种磁感应速度变化特征取决于应力的大小和符号，以及超声波的应力，磁场和极化和传播方向的相对取向。磁感应速度变化的依赖性可用于非破坏性应力测量。在一个版本中，为了测量体积应力，使用纵向超声波或剪切超声波。在另一个版本中，为了测量表面应力，优选使用表面超声波。通过使用几个不同频率的表面波，也可以确定应力梯度。

4. 发明授权

US5456113A Nondestructive evaluation of ferromagnetic cables and ropes using magnetostrictively induced acoustic/ultrasonic waves and magnetostrictively detected acoustic emissions 失效
标题翻译：使用磁致伸缩诱导声/超声波和磁致伸缩检测声发射的铁磁电缆和绳索的非破坏性评估
公开(公告)号：US5456113A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-10
申请号：US973152
申请日：1992-11-06
申请人： Hegeon Kwun , Cecil M. Teller, II
发明人： Hegeon Kwun , Cecil M. Teller, II
IPC分类号： G01N29/14 , G01N29/24 , G01N29/08
CPC分类号： G01N29/2412 , G01N29/14 , G01N2291/0258 , G01N2291/0422 , G01N2291/048 , G01N2291/101 , G01N2291/102 , G01N2291/2626
摘要： A method and apparatus for the nondestructive evaluation of ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic materials, particularly wire ropes, cables, and strands, and pipes utilizing the magnetostrictive effect for measuring minute variations in magnetic fields and characterizing these minute variations as indicative of the acoustic/ultrasonic behavior of fractures, cracks, and other anomalies within a substance under evaluation. The apparatus and method contemplate both an active testing application, wherein a transmitting sensor generates an acoustic/ultrasonic pulse within a material through the magnetostrictive effect and a second receiving sensor detects reflected acoustic/ultrasonic waves within the material, again by the inverse magnetostrictive effect. The advantages of utilizing magnetostrictive sensors as opposed to well known piezoelectric sensors lies in the ability to generate and detect acoustic/ultrasonic waves without a direct physical or acoustical contact to the material. The apparatus and method of the present invention also anticipates the use of a passive monitoring system comprised only of a receiving magnetostrictive sensor that continuously monitors a ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic substance for acoustic emissions and either records this monitored information or alerts the appropriate personnel of the existence of an acoustic emission indicating deterioration within the structure.
摘要翻译：铁磁和非铁磁材料，特别是钢丝绳，电缆和股线的非破坏性评估的方法和装置，以及利用磁致伸缩效应测量磁场中的微小变化并且将这些微小变化表征为声/超声被评估物质内的裂缝，裂缝等异常行为。该装置和方法考虑了主动测试应用，其中发射传感器通过磁致伸缩效应在材料内产生声/超声波脉冲，第二接收传感器再次通过反向磁致伸缩效应来检测材料内的反射声/超声波。使用磁致伸缩传感器与众所周知的压电传感器相比的优点在于能够产生和检测声/超声波，而没有与材料的直接物理或声学接触。本发明的装置和方法还预期使用无源监测系统，其仅由接收磁致伸缩传感器构成，其接收磁致伸缩传感器，其连续地监测用于声发射的铁磁或非铁磁性物质，并且记录该监测信息或者警告适当的人员存在表示结构内的劣化的声发射。

5. 发明授权

US5587534A Wall thickness and flow detection apparatus and method for gas pipelines 失效
标题翻译：气体管道壁厚及流量检测装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US5587534A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-24
申请号：US330592
申请日：1994-10-28
申请人： Joseph D. McColskey , William P. Dube , Christopher M. Fortunko , Raymond E. Schramm , Martin C. Renken , Cecil M. Teller, II , Glenn M. Light
发明人： Joseph D. McColskey , William P. Dube , Christopher M. Fortunko , Raymond E. Schramm , Martin C. Renken , Cecil M. Teller, II , Glenn M. Light
IPC分类号： G01B17/02 , G01N29/04 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/265 , G01N29/10
CPC分类号： G01B17/02 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/2487 , G01N29/265 , G01N2291/02854 , G01N2291/02872 , G01N2291/0421 , G01N2291/0422 , G01N2291/044 , G01N2291/056 , G01N2291/2636
摘要： A new ultrasonic method for measuring wall thickness and detecting material flaws in natural-gas pipelines, risers, and similar structures. The method is inherently suitable for the task, because it relies on the use of the natural gas as the coupling fluid for transmitting the probing ultrasonic signals into and out of the pipe wall. Furthermore, the method facilitates the operation of the inspection from the inside of the pipe. An experimental apparatus used to demonstrate the technical feasibility of this approach and provide experimental and theoretical evidence that support the claims is described. Significantly, it is shown that by the use of a diplexer, the same transducer can be used to generate and detect the probing ultrasonic signals. The same configuration is used in commercial ultrasonic inspection of oil pipelines where oil is the coupling fluid; but until now this method could not be used in natural gas pipelines due to the low specific acoustic impedance of natural gas.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量天然气管道，立管和类似结构中的壁厚和检测材料缺陷的新型超声波方法。该方法本质上适用于该任务，因为它依赖于使用天然气作为将探测超声波信号传入管壁的耦合流体。此外，该方法便于从管道内部进行检查的操作。用于证明该方法的技术可行性的实验装置，并提供了支持权利要求的实验和理论证据。重要的是，通过使用双工器，可以使用相同的换能器来产生和检测探测超声波信号。石油为耦合流体的油管的商业超声波检测采用相同的结构; 但是到目前为止，由于天然气的低声阻抗，这种方法不能用于天然气管道。

6. 发明授权

US4503393A Method and apparatus for detecting flaws in the threaded end of an elongate member using electromagnetic excitation and an automated scanning sensor 失效
标题翻译：用于使用电磁激励和自动扫描传感器检测细长构件的螺纹端部中的瑕疵的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4503393A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-05
申请号：US308749
申请日：1981-10-05
申请人： Mark C. Moyer , Clifford W. Petersen , Felix N. Kusenberger , William D. Perry , Floyd A. Balter , Cecil M. Teller, II
发明人： Mark C. Moyer , Clifford W. Petersen , Felix N. Kusenberger , William D. Perry , Floyd A. Balter , Cecil M. Teller, II
IPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01N27/72 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/82
摘要： Apparatus for detecting flaws in the threaded end of a ferromagnetic pipe is disclosed. The apparatus comprises means for applying a magnetic force to produce a field generally axially through the threaded end of the pipe, first and second means adjacent successive crests of a thread for sensing a generally radial magnetic field and generating a first and second signal corresponding to the sensed magnetic fields, and means for differentially connecting the signals generated by said first and second sensing means, whereby a differential output signal is produced in response to a flaw between the crests of the thread being inspected. The apparatus also comprises means for helically rotating said sensing means to follow a path corresponding to the threads of the pipe, whereby the first and second signals vary with time.A method for detecting flaws in the threaded end of a ferromagnetic pipe is also disclosed. The method comprises the steps of applying a magnetic force to produce a field generally axially through the threaded end of the pipe, sensing the radial magnetic field adjacent successive crests of a thread of the pipe, generating first and second signals corresponding to the sensed magnetic fields, and differentially connecting the first and second signals.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于检测铁磁管的螺纹端部中的缺陷的装置。该装置包括用于施加磁力以产生大致轴向穿过管道的螺纹端的场的装置，邻近线的相邻波峰的第一和第二装置，用于感测大体上径向的磁场，并产生对应于该第一和第二信号的第一和第二信号感测磁场，以及用于差分地连接由所述第一和第二感测装置产生的信号的装置，由此响应于所检查的线程的波峰之间的缺陷而产生差分输出信号。该装置还包括用于螺旋地旋转所述检测装置以跟随对应于管道的螺纹的路径的装置，由此第一和第二信号随时间而变化。还公开了一种用于检测铁磁管的螺纹端部中的缺陷的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：施加磁力以产生大致轴向穿过管道的螺纹端的磁场，感测与管道的螺纹的相邻波峰相邻的径向磁场，产生对应于感测磁场的第一和第二信号，并差分地连接第一和第二信号。

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