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1. 发明授权

US5144219A Voltage-regulator for generator 失效
标题翻译：发电机用电压调节器
公开(公告)号：US5144219A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-01
申请号：US602291
申请日：1990-11-16
申请人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Walter Kohl , Karl Nagel
发明人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Walter Kohl , Karl Nagel
IPC分类号： H02J7/24
CPC分类号： H02J7/245 , Y02T10/92
摘要： A voltage regulator (4) for a generator (1), particularly for use in motor vehicles, is provided which produces an average field current in the exciting winding (2) of the generator (1) by switching on and off the field current by a controlled semiconductor switch in cooperation with a recovery diode in such a way that the generator voltage remains approximately constant independently of the load and the speed. The voltage regulator (4) contains an integrally acting component for compensating for load-dependent and speed-dependent errors, which component is produced by a nonlinearly working integrator for the relative turn-on period of the current through the exciting winding (2) and is fed back into the regulating circuit of the voltage regulator (4). The nonlinearly of the output variable of the integrator is produced in that, for the formation of the correction function, one period portion during the current flow through the exciting winding (2) of the generator (1) and the controlled semiconductor switch is evaluated differently than the other period portion during the current flow through the exciting winding (2) and the recovery diode.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00236 Sec。 371日期1990年11月16日 102（e）1990年11月16日PCT PCT 1990年3月23日PCT公布。 WO90 / 12443 PCT出版物 1990年10月18日提供了一种用于发电机（1）的电压调节器（4），特别用于机动车辆，其通过切换在发电机（1）的励磁绕组（2）中产生平均励磁电流通过与恢复二极管协作的受控半导体开关的场电流的导通和截止，使得发电机电压保持独立于负载和速度几乎恒定。电压调节器（4）包含用于补偿负载相关和速度相关误差的整体作用部件，该部件由非线性工作积分器产生，用于通过励磁绕组（2）的电流的相对导通周期，以及被反馈到电压调节器（4）的调节电路。产生积分器的输出变量的非线性，因为为了形成校正函数，在通过发电机（1）的激励绕组（2）的电流流过和受控半导体开关的一个周期部分被评估为不同在电流通过励磁绕组（2）和恢复二极管的电流期间的其它周期部分。

2. 发明授权

US5013996A Voltage regulator for a generator 失效
标题翻译：发电机电压调节器
公开(公告)号：US5013996A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-07
申请号：US314578
申请日：1989-01-25
申请人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Walter Kohl
发明人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Walter Kohl
IPC分类号： H02J7/14 , H02J7/24 , H02P9/30
CPC分类号： H02J7/244
摘要： A voltage regulator for generators is proposed which, compared with a voltage regulator known, for example, from DE-PS 27 38 897, is supplemented in such a manner that an integral component corresponding to the relative operating time of the field current is formed and this component is fed into the actual control loop. The relative operating time of the field current in this arrangement can be obtained more or less directly from the switching characteristic of the switching transistor (20) for the field current or by means of a sensing resistor (33) in series with the exciter winding (21).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE87 / 00147 Sec。 371日期：1989年1月25日 102（e）日期1989年1月25日PCT提交1987年4月3日PCT公布。出版物WO88 / 01110 日期：1988年2月11日。提出了一种用于发电机的电压调节器，其与例如从DE-PS 27 38 897已知的电压调节器相比，以与相对工作时间相对应的积分分量形成场电流，并将该分量馈入实际的控制回路。可以直接从场电流的开关晶体管（20）的开关特性或利用与励磁机绕组串联的感测电阻（33）直接获得该布置中的励磁电流的相对工作时间 21）。

3. 发明授权

US4942308A Power transistor monolithic integrated structure 失效
标题翻译：功率晶体管单片集成结构
公开(公告)号：US4942308A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-17
申请号：US301821
申请日：1989-01-25
申请人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Gerhard Fiedler
发明人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Gerhard Fiedler
IPC分类号： H01L23/525
CPC分类号： H01L23/5256 , H01L2924/0002
摘要： A power transistor monolithic integrated structure produced by a bipolar-epitaxial technology includes a plurality of parallel connected transistor cellular structures each containing at least one component transistor. The base of each component transistor is coupled to a common base control conductor via a protective resistor and a fuse link which melts in the event of a defect in the transistor cell. Another fuse link is incorporated in the branch conductors leading from the collectors of respective component transistor to a common conductor web mounted on the surface of the transistor chip. All transistor cellular structures are electrically isolated one from each other during the manufacturing process.
摘要翻译：通过双极外延技术制造的功率晶体管单片集成结构包括多个并联的晶体管单元结构，每个晶体管结构包含至少一个元件晶体管。每个元件晶体管的基极通过保护电阻和熔丝链耦合到公共基极控制导体，熔丝链在晶体管单元的缺陷的情况下熔化。另一个熔丝链路被结合在从相应元件晶体管的集电极引导到安装在晶体管芯片的表面上的公共导体网的分支导体中。在制造过程中，所有的晶体管单元结构彼此电隔离。

4. 发明授权

US4829360A Monolithic integrated semiconductor means to reduce power dissipation of a parasitic transistor 失效
标题翻译：单片集成半导体意味着减少寄生晶体管的功耗
公开(公告)号：US4829360A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US50295
申请日：1987-05-05
申请人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel
发明人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel
IPC分类号： H01L29/73 , H01L21/331 , H01L27/06 , H01L27/07 , H01L29/861
CPC分类号： H01L27/0772
摘要： A semiconductor means is integrated monolithically on a substrate and comprises at least one power diode (3), its cathode being at a higher potential (6) than the potential (5) of the substrate. Its anode forms the emitter and its cathode forms the base of a parasitic substrate transistor (4). In order to reduce the power loss caused by means of this parasitic substrate transistor (4), means (8) for increasing the collector path resistance (41) of the parasitic transistor (4) are provided.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE86 / 00331 Sec。 371日期：1987年5月5日 102（e）日期1987年5月5日PCT提交1986年8月22日PCT公布。公开号WO87 / 01868 日期：1987年3月26日。半导体装置整体地集成在衬底上并且包括至少一个功率二极管（3），其阴极处于比衬底的电位（5）更高的电势（6）。其阳极形成发射极，其阴极形成寄生衬底晶体管（4）的基极。为了减少由寄生晶体管（4）引起的功率损耗，提供了用于增加寄生晶体管（4）的集电极路径电阻（41）的装置（8）。

5. 发明授权

US5258702A Precision reference voltage source 失效
标题翻译：精密参考电压源
公开(公告)号：US5258702A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-02
申请号：US768283
申请日：1991-10-01
申请人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Gerhard Fiedler , Andreas Junger
发明人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Gerhard Fiedler , Andreas Junger
IPC分类号： G05F3/30 , G05F3/22
CPC分类号： G05F3/30
摘要： A monolithically integrated precision reference voltage source by the bandgap principle, suitable for a wide temperature range, is proposed, in which the parabolic course of the temperature response curve of the reference voltage is linearized by process means available in the monolithic integration, dispensing with additional active components such as transistors or diodes. The precision voltage reference source includes two resistors (21, 22), which are represented by the N-doped emitter diffusion zone.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00212 Sec。 371日期1991年10月1日 102（e）日期1991年10月1日PCT 1990年3月21日PCT公布。 WO90 / 12351 PCT出版物日期为1990年10月18日。提出了适用于宽温度范围的通过带隙原理的单片集成精密参考电压源，其中参考电压的温度响应曲线的抛物线路线通过可用于单片集成，分配额外的有源器件，如晶体管或二极管。精密电压参考源包括由N掺杂发射极扩散区表示的两个电阻器（21,22）。

6. 发明授权

US4233556A Voltage regulator, particularly for automotive use 失效
标题翻译：电压调节器，特别适用于汽车使用
公开(公告)号：US4233556A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-11
申请号：US936026
申请日：1978-08-23
申请人： Karl Nagel , Gerhard Conzelmann
发明人： Karl Nagel , Gerhard Conzelmann
IPC分类号： H02J7/24 , H02P9/30
CPC分类号： H02P9/305 , H02J7/245 , H02P2101/45 , Y02T10/92
摘要： To improve the regulating response of an automotive-type, solid-state voltage regulator and render it essentially immune to ripple while additionally permitting complete integration of the entire voltage regulator without external discrete filter capacitors, a difference amplifier has the output voltage of the on-board vehicle network, for example from an alternator, applied thereto for comparison with a reference, the difference amplifier, respectively, controlling a capacitor charge current supply and a discharge current drain circuit, both connected to a small capacitor in the order of, for example, only 30 pF which, hence, can be integrated, the voltage across the capacitor being sensed in a high-low window or range-type discriminator which has a dual-state output to control conduction or non-conduction of a transistor in series with the field of the alternator in dependence upon whether the voltage across the capacitor, as it is being charged or drained, is above an upper threshold or below a lower threshold of the discriminator. Preferably, the circuit includes current mirror circuits in which currents in one branch are reflected in another to provide for balance, temperature compensation, and to render the circuit immune to variations in loading on the alternator.
摘要翻译：为了提高汽车型固态电压调节器的调节响应，使其基本上免受纹波的影响，另外允许整个电压调节器完全集成而不需要外部分立滤波电容器，差分放大器的输出电压为“ 车载网络，例如来自交流发电机，用于与参考相比较，差分放大器分别控制电容器充电电流供应和放电电流消耗电路，两者均按照例如顺序连接到小电容器因此，只有30 pF，因此可以集成在具有双态输出的高低窗口或范围型鉴别器中检测到的电容器两端的电压，以控制串联的晶体管的导通或非导通交流发电机的电场取决于电容器两端的电压是否正在充电或排出，高于上部threshol d或更低的鉴别器的下阈值。优选地，电路包括电流镜电路，其中一个支路中的电流被反射到另一支路中以提供平衡，温度补偿，并使电路免受交流发电机上的负载变化。

7. 发明授权

US4054828A Cyclically operating transistorized power switching circuit system 失效
标题翻译：循环运行晶体管功率开关电路系统
公开(公告)号：US4054828A
公开(公告)日：1977-10-18
申请号：US539441
申请日：1975-01-08
申请人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Helmut Keller
发明人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Helmut Keller
IPC分类号： H03K17/14 , H01L27/00 , H01L27/082 , H02J7/24 , H03K17/60 , H03K17/64 , H01L31/00 , H02H7/06 , H03K3/26
CPC分类号： H03K17/64 , H01L27/00 , H01L27/0825 , H02J7/248 , H03K17/60 , H01L2924/0002
摘要： To provide for uniformity of power dissipation in the components of the switching system, regardless of the duty cycle upon repetitive, cyclical operation, the coupling resistors connected to the driver transistor and to the power transistor are so dimensioned relative to each other, and to the internal resistances of the driver transistor and the power transistor of the system that, in an initial approximation, the dissipation losses arising in the system are independent of the duty cycle of the switching transistor; this is obtained by selecting the sum of the resistance value of the collector resistor for the driver transistor and the base transistor of the power transistor such that (a) when the driver transistor is blocked, current flowing to the base of the power transistor holds the power transistor in full, saturated conduction and (b) the value of the collector resistor for the driver transistor is so selected that, when the driver transistor is conductive, the sum of the dissipated power in the collector-emitter path of the driver transistor, and in the collector-resistor of the driver transistor is approximately equal to the sum of the power which is dissipated in the collector resistor of the driver, the base resistor of the power transistor and the collector-emitter path of the power transistor, when the driver transistor is in blocked state. The entire system can be constructed on a monolithic chip and has a particular application as the switching circuit in automotive voltage regulators.
摘要翻译：为了提供开关系统的部件中的功率消耗的均匀性，不管在重复的周期性操作时的占空比如何，连接到驱动晶体管和功率晶体管的耦合电阻的尺寸相对于彼此而言，驱动晶体管和系统的功率晶体管的内部电阻，在初始近似中，系统中产生的耗散损耗与开关晶体管的占空比无关; 这通过选择用于驱动晶体管的集电极电阻和功率晶体管的基极晶体管的电阻值的和来获得，使得（a）当驱动晶体管被阻塞时，流到功率晶体管的基极的电流保持功率晶体管处于饱和导通状态，（b）驱动晶体管的集电极电阻值被选择为：当驱动晶体管导通时，驱动晶体管的集电极 - 发射极路径中的耗散功率的总和，并且在驱动晶体管的集电极 - 电阻器中，大致等于驱动器的集电极电阻，功率晶体管的基极电阻和功率晶体管的集电极 - 发射极路径之间耗散的功率的总和，当驱动晶体管处于阻塞状态。整个系统可以在单片芯片上构建，并且具有作为汽车电压调节器中的开关电路的特定应用。

8. 发明授权

US5194800A Power supply system 失效
标题翻译：电源系统
公开(公告)号：US5194800A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US602292
申请日：1990-11-16
申请人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Andreas Junger
发明人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel , Andreas Junger
IPC分类号： H02J7/16 , H02P9/30
CPC分类号： H02J7/16 , H02P9/305 , Y02T10/7005
摘要： The power supply system for a motor vehicle, includes a battery; a three-phase generator; a connecting line connecting the terminals of the generator and the battery; a rectifier connected electrically to the generator; a voltage regulator for switching an exciter field of the generator on and off to control a voltage actual value at the generator terminals and producing an average field current in the exciter field to maintain a power supply voltage substantially constant regardless of load and speed; and a circuit device for determining and for partially compensating an undesirable direct voltage drop at the generator terminals resulting from a voltage drop in the connecting line caused by load current. The device for determining and for partially compensating is structured to determine an alternating voltage at the generator terminals produced by an alternating current component in the connecting line. The circuit device for determining and partially compensating the voltage drop can include an integrator connected to a full-wave rectifier and a function generator connected to the rectifier. The integrator, full-wave rectifier and function generator are connected in series between the generator terminals and the battery in the connecting line.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00213 Sec。 371日期1990年11月16日 102（e）1990年11月16日PCT PCT 1990年3月21日PCT公布。出版物WO90 / 12449 1990年10月18日。汽车电源系统，包括电池; 三相发电机; 连接发电机端子和电池的连接线; 整流器与发电机电连接; 电压调节器，其用于开关发电机的励磁场，以控制发电机端子处的电压实际值，并产生励磁场中的平均励磁电流，以保持电源电压基本上恒定，而不管负载和速度如何; 以及电路装置，用于确定并部分地补偿由负载电流引起的连接线中的电压降引起的发电机端子处的不期望的直接电压降。用于确定和部分补偿的装置构造成确定由连接线中的交流分量产生的发电机端子处的交流电压。用于确定和部分补偿电压降的电路装置可以包括连接到全波整流器的积分器和连接到整流器的功能发生器。整流器，全波整流器和功能发生器串联在发电机端子和连接线中的电池之间。

9. 发明授权

US4054898A Switching system to short-circuit a load with minimum residual voltage 失效
标题翻译：开关系统以最小的剩余电压来短路负载
公开(公告)号：US4054898A
公开(公告)日：1977-10-18
申请号：US724604
申请日：1976-09-20
申请人： Klaus Streit , Karl Staiger , Gerhard Conzelmann , Hartmut Seiler , Karl Nagel
发明人： Klaus Streit , Karl Staiger , Gerhard Conzelmann , Hartmut Seiler , Karl Nagel
IPC分类号： H01L27/07 , H02H3/02 , H03K17/06 , H03K17/60 , H01L29/72
CPC分类号： H01L27/0772 , H02H3/023 , H03K17/06 , H03K17/602
摘要： A controlled main switch, typically a semiconductor switch, is connected in parallel to the load. In accordance with the invention, an auxiliary switch, typically also a semiconductor switch such as a switching transistor is directly connected across the terminals of the load, and with an impedance, for example a resistance, diode, or Zener diode to the main switch, and controlled to switch in synchronism with the main switch, so that the residual voltage across the load due to inherent voltage drop across the terminals of the switch becomes a minimum. Integrated technology may be used, combining preamplifiers and distribution networks in one monolithic chip.
摘要翻译：受控主开关（通常为半导体开关）与负载并联连接。根据本发明，辅助开关（通常也是诸如开关晶体管的半导体开关）直接连接在负载的端子之间，并且具有阻抗，例如电阻，二极管或齐纳二极管到主开关，并被控制为与主开关同步地切换，使得由于开关端子处的固有电压降而导致的负载两端的残余电压变得最小。可以使用集成技术，将前置放大器和分配网络组合在一个单片芯片中。

10. 发明授权

US4742425A Multiple-cell transistor with base and emitter fuse links 失效
标题翻译：具有基极和发射极熔断体的多单元晶体管
公开(公告)号：US4742425A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-03
申请号：US50294
申请日：1987-05-05
申请人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel
发明人： Gerhard Conzelmann , Karl Nagel
IPC分类号： H01L29/73 , H01L21/331 , H01L21/82 , H01L23/525 , H01L23/62 , H01L27/06 , H02H5/04
CPC分类号： H01L23/5256 , H01L23/62 , H01L2924/0002
摘要： A multiple-cell transistor consists of a parallel connection of individual transistor cells (41, 42) for power distribution. Fuse links (6, 7), which separate the defective transistor cells from the compound in the event of a short circuit, are provided for the purpose of automatically separating defective transistor cells. A voltage-controlled switch (9) is provided for improved separation of the base fuse link (7).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE86 / 00327 Sec。 371日期：1987年5月5日 102（e）日期1987年5月5日PCT提交1986年8月25日PCT公布。出版物WO87 / 01867 日期：1987年3月26日。多单元晶体管由用于功率分配的单独晶体管单元（41,42）的并联连接构成。提供了在发生短路的情况下将缺陷晶体管电池与化合物分离的保险丝链路（6,7），用于自动分离有缺陷的晶体管单元。提供了一种电压控制开关（9），用于改善基极熔断体（7）的分离。

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