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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Optical moisture sensor and method of making the same
    • 光学水分传感器及其制作方法
    • US07482612B2
    • 2009-01-27
    • US11779796
    • 2007-07-18
    • James Zimmerman
    • James Zimmerman
    • G01N21/01
    • G01N21/552A01G25/167
    • A soil moisture sensor uses a non-collimated light source and a photosensor, respectively, mounted at the foci of a transparent ellipsoidal plastic body. The dimensions of the body are such that emitted light rays are internally reflected toward the photosensor at the surface of the ellipsoid if the surface is dry, but refracted outwardly of the body when the surface is wet. The amount of light reflected onto the photosensor is thus a measure of the amount of moisture at the surface of the sensor. Direct illumination of the photosensor by the light source is prevented either by interposing opaque electronic components between them on a circuit board, or by taking advantage of light source characteristics to minimize the amount of transmitted light. If a circuit board is used, it is completely encapsulated against moisture penetration by fixing it in a carrier and molding the body around and onto the carrier to form a monolithic unit with the carrier and circuit board.
    • 土壤湿度传感器分别使用安装在透明椭圆形塑料体的焦点处的非准直光源和光电传感器。 身体的尺寸使得如果表面是干燥的,则发射的光线在椭圆体的表面处朝向光传感器内部反射,而当表面是湿的时,其被折射到身体外部。 因此,反射到光传感器上的光量是传感器表面的水分量的量度。 通过光源直接照射光传感器可以通过在电路板之间插入不透明的电子元件,或通过利用光源特性来最小化透射光的量来防止光传感器的直接照明。 如果使用电路板,则通过将其固定在载体中并将体成型在载体上并与载体和电路板形成单片单元,从而完全封装防潮湿渗透。
    • 5. 发明申请
    • Optical Moisture Sensor And Method Of Making The Same
    • 光学水分传感器及其制作方法
    • US20070262248A1
    • 2007-11-15
    • US11779796
    • 2007-07-18
    • James Zimmerman
    • James Zimmerman
    • G02B6/06G02B6/42
    • G01N21/552A01G25/167
    • A soil moisture sensor uses a non-collimated light source and a photosensor, respectively, mounted at the foci of a transparent ellipsoidal plastic body. The dimensions of the body are such that emitted light rays are internally reflected toward the photosensor at the surface of the ellipsoid if the surface is dry, but refracted outwardly of the body when the surface is wet. The amount of light reflected onto the photosensor is thus a measure of the amount of moisture at the surface of the sensor. Direct illumination of the photosensor by the light source is prevented either by interposing opaque electronic components between them on a circuit board, or by taking advantage of light source characteristics to minimize the amount of transmitted light. If a circuit board is used, it is completely encapsulated against moisture penetration by fixing it in a carrier and molding the body around and onto the carrier to form a monolithic unit with the carrier and circuit board.
    • 土壤湿度传感器分别使用安装在透明椭圆形塑料体的焦点处的非准直光源和光电传感器。 身体的尺寸使得如果表面是干燥的,则发射的光线在椭圆体的表面处朝向光传感器内部反射,而当表面是湿的时,其被折射到身体的外部。 因此,反射到光传感器上的光量是传感器表面的水分量的量度。 通过光源直接照射光传感器可以通过在电路板之间插入不透明的电子元件,或通过利用光源特性来最小化透射光的量来防止光传感器的直接照明。 如果使用电路板,则通过将其固定在载体中并将体成型在载体上并与载体和电路板形成单片单元,从而完全封装防潮湿渗透。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for optimizing soil moisture
    • 土壤水分优化的方法和装置
    • US07574284B2
    • 2009-08-11
    • US11555200
    • 2006-10-31
    • Allan Morris GoldbergLarry Kent HopkinsLarry HawkesJames Zimmerman
    • Allan Morris GoldbergLarry Kent HopkinsLarry HawkesJames Zimmerman
    • G05B11/01
    • A01G25/167B05B12/12Y10T137/1866Y10T137/189
    • A self-adjusting irrigation controller takes a pre-irrigation soil moisture reading prior to irrigation, chooses an amount of water to be dispensed corresponding to that reading from a table, and dispenses that amount of water. A predetermined length of time after the end of irrigation, the controller takes a post-irrigation soil moisture reading and compares the value of that reading to a predetermined target value. If the post-irrigation value differs substantially from the target value, the water amount corresponding to the pre-irrigation value in the table is adjusted to reduce that difference on the next scheduled irrigation cycle having that same pre-irrigation soil moisture reading. The target value is determined by watering the soil to field capacity, then computing the target value as a function of the reading of the sensor at field capacity. The controller thus converges toward an ideal runtime and follows changes in the environment. In the preferred embodiment, the soil moisture is indicated by sensor voltages, and the amount of water dispensed is governed by the runtime of the irrigation system.
    • 自调节灌溉控制器在灌溉之前进行预灌溉土壤水分读数,根据从桌子读取的数量选择一定量的水,并分配一定量的水。 灌溉结束后的预定时间长度,控制器进行后灌土壤水分读数,并将该读数的值与预定的目标值进行比较。 如果灌溉后的值与目标值大不相同,则调整与表中预灌溉值相对应的水量,以便在具有相同预灌溉土壤水分读数的下一个计划的灌溉循环中减少该差异。 目标值通过将土壤浇注到田间容量来确定,然后根据场容量的传感器的读数来计算目标值。 因此,控制器趋向于理想的运行时间并遵循环境变化。 在优选实施例中,土壤水分由传感器电压表示,并且分配的水量由灌溉系统的运行时间来控制。