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1. 发明授权

US5164480A Method for the manufacture of tall oils 失效
标题翻译：妥尔油的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5164480A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-17
申请号：US747547
申请日：1991-08-20
申请人： Derk T. A. Huibers , Roger W. Daniels , Marilyn J. Niksa , Richard J. Coin , Joseph Elliott
发明人： Derk T. A. Huibers , Roger W. Daniels , Marilyn J. Niksa , Richard J. Coin , Joseph Elliott
IPC分类号： B01D17/06 , B01D57/02 , C25B3/00 , D21C11/00
CPC分类号： B01D57/02 , B01D17/06 , C25B3/00 , D21C11/0007
摘要： The present invention relates to the direct electrolysis of tall oil soap (TOS) to produce crude tall oil (CTO). An aqueous tall oil soap solution generated in a kraft wood-pulping process is placed in contact with an anode in an electrolytic cell, wherein the tall oil soap is dissassociated to form crude tall oil and free sodium ions. The sodium ions migrate through a membrane to associate with hydroxide ions formed in a cathode chamber to form NaOH, which may optionally be recycled to the kraft pulping process as a make-up chemical for lost sodium. The crude tall oil is recovered from the electrolyzed tall oil soap solution for further refinement. Optionally, the tall oil soap solution is treated prior to electrolysis to remove components which may interfere with the electrolysis.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及妥尔油皂（TOS）直接电解以生产粗妥油（CTO）。在牛皮纸制浆过程中产生的含水妥尔油皂溶液与电解池中的阳极接触，其中妥尔油皂与脱相结合形成粗妥尔油和游离钠离子。钠离子迁移通过膜与在阴极室中形成的氢氧根离子缔合以形成NaOH，其可以任选地再循环到硫酸盐制浆工艺中，作为失去钠的化妆品。将粗的妥尔油从电解的妥尔油皂溶液中回收以进一步精制。任选地，妥尔油皂溶液在电解之前被处理以除去可能干扰电解的组分。

2. 发明授权

US5972181A Electrode and electrochemical cell 失效
标题翻译：电极和电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US5972181A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US106411
申请日：1998-06-29
申请人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
发明人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/32 , C25B9/08 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/10 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/326 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/035 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02
摘要： An electrode, electrochemical cell, and electrochemical processes are disclosed. The electrode is a porous, multi-layered electrode which can have an element in flexible, strip form wound around a central, usually flat plate core, which core may serve as a current distributor. In any form, each layer can be represented by a very thin, highly flexible metal mesh. This can be a fine, as opposed to a coarse, mesh which has extremely thin strands and small voids. The electrode will have an active coating. For utilizing this electrode, the cell in one form will be a monopolar cell providing upward, parallel electrolyte flow through the porous, multi-layered electrode. A representative cell can have such electrode at least substantially filling an electrode chamber. The cells can be contained in a cell box that will provide the desired flow-through relationship for the electrolyte to the electrode. In cell operation, electrochemical processes which can be carried out include metal ion oxidation or reduction, oxidation of organic substituents, nitrate reduction as well as salt splitting.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电极，电化学电池和电化学方法。电极是多孔的多层电极，其可以具有缠绕在中心的，通常为平的板芯上的柔性带状的元件，该芯可以用作电流分布器。以任何形式，每层可以由非常薄的，高度柔性的金属网表示。这可以是细的，而不是具有极细线和小空隙的粗网。电极将具有活性涂层。为了利用该电极，一种形式的电池将是单极电池，其提供通过多孔多层电极的向上平行的电解质流。代表性的电池可以具有至少基本上填充电极室的这种电极。细胞可以包含在细胞盒中，其将为电解质提供期望的流通关系。在电池操作中，可以进行的电化学过程包括金属离子氧化还原，有机取代基的氧化，硝酸盐的还原以及盐分解。

3. 发明授权

US4911993A Bipolar, filter-press, consumable metal anode battery 失效
标题翻译：双极，压滤，消耗式金属阳极电池
公开(公告)号：US4911993A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-27
申请号：US150797
申请日：1988-02-01
申请人： Homer L. Turley , Marilyn J. Niksa , Richard J. Coin , Thomas J. Schue
发明人： Homer L. Turley , Marilyn J. Niksa , Richard J. Coin , Thomas J. Schue
IPC分类号： H01M12/08 , H01M4/00 , H01M4/86 , H01M6/48 , H01M10/04 , H01M12/06
CPC分类号： H01M4/8631 , H01M10/0418 , H01M12/065 , H01M4/00 , H01M6/48
摘要： A bipolar battery having a consumable metal anode and being of the filter-press type is described. Internal battery contact is obtained by pressure connection transmitted virtually all, to completely, by end bulkheads. A multitude of adjoning cells can be placed together in a bipolar assembly cell stack. Yet the battery is compact and lightweight.

4. 发明授权

US5804055A Electrode, electrochemical cell and electrochemical processes 失效
标题翻译：电极，电化学电池和电化学过程
公开(公告)号：US5804055A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US808978
申请日：1997-02-19
申请人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Edward M. Halko , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
发明人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Edward M. Halko , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/32 , C25B9/08 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/10 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02 , C25B9/00 , C25B13/08
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/326 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/035 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02
摘要： An electrode, electrochemical cell, and electrochemical processes are disclosed. The electrode is a porous, multi-layered electrode which can have an element in flexible, strip form wound around a central, usually flat plate core, which core may serve as a current distributor. In any form, each layer can be represented by a very thin, highly flexible metal mesh. This can be a fine, as opposed to a coarse, mesh which has extremely thin strands and small voids. The electrode will have an active coating. For utilizing this electrode, the cell in one form will be a monopolar cell providing upward, parallel electrolyte flow through the porous, multi-layered electrode. A representative cell can have such electrode at least substantially filling an electrode chamber. The cells can be contained in a cell box that will provide the desired flow-through relationship for the electrolyte to the electrode. In cell operation, electrochemical processes which can be carried out include metal ion oxidation or reduction, oxidation of organic substituents, nitrate reduction as well as salt splitting.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电极，电化学电池和电化学方法。电极是多孔的多层电极，其可以具有缠绕在中心的，通常为平的板芯上的柔性带状的元件，该芯可以用作电流分布器。以任何形式，每层可以由非常薄的，高度柔性的金属网表示。这可以是细的，而不是具有极细线和小空隙的粗网。电极将具有活性涂层。为了利用该电极，一种形式的电池将是单极电池，其提供通过多孔多层电极的向上平行的电解质流。代表性的电池可以具有至少基本上填充电极室的这种电极。细胞可以包含在细胞盒中，其将为电解质提供期望的流通关系。在电池操作中，可以进行的电化学过程包括金属离子氧化还原，有机取代基的氧化，硝酸盐的还原以及盐分解。

5. 发明授权

US5783050A Electrode for electrochemical cell 失效
标题翻译：电化学电池用电极
公开(公告)号：US5783050A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-21
申请号：US434871
申请日：1995-05-04
申请人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
发明人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/32 , C25B9/08 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/10 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02 , C25B11/06 , C25B11/16
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/326 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/035 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02
摘要： An electrode, electrochemical cell, and electrochemical processes are disclosed. The electrode is a porous, multi-layered electrode which can have an element in flexible, strip form wound around a central, usually flat plate core, which core may serve as a current distributor. In any form, each layer can be represented by a very thin, highly flexible metal mesh. This can be a fine, as opposed to a coarse, mesh which has extremely thin strands and small voids. The electrode will have an active coating. For utilizing this electrode, the cell in one form will be a monopolar cell providing upward, parallel electrolyte flow through the porous, multi-layered electrode. A representative cell can have such electrode at least substantially filling an electrode chamber. The cells can be contained in a cell box that will provide the desired flow-through relationship for the electrolyte to the electrode. In cell operation, electrochemical processes which can be carried out include metal ion oxidation or reduction, oxidation of organic substituents, nitrate reduction as well as salt splitting.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电极，电化学电池和电化学方法。电极是多孔的多层电极，其可以具有缠绕在中心的，通常为平的板芯上的柔性带状的元件，该芯可以用作电流分布器。以任何形式，每层可以由非常薄的，高度柔性的金属网表示。这可以是细的，而不是具有极细线和小空隙的粗网。电极将具有活性涂层。为了利用该电极，一种形式的电池将是单极电池，其提供通过多孔多层电极的向上平行的电解质流。代表性的电池可以具有至少基本上填充电极室的这种电极。细胞可以包含在细胞盒中，其将为电解质提供期望的流通关系。在电池操作中，可以进行的电化学过程包括金属离子氧化还原，有机取代基的氧化，硝酸盐还原以及盐分解。

6. 发明授权

US5705051A Electrochemical process 失效
标题翻译：电化学工艺
公开(公告)号：US5705051A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US632574
申请日：1996-04-15
申请人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Edward M. Halko , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
发明人： Richard J. Coin , Lynne M. Ernes , Andy W. Getsy , Edward M. Halko , Kenneth L. Hardee , Marilyn J. Niksa
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/32 , C25B9/08 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/10 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02 , C25C1/06
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/326 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/035 , C25B15/08 , C25C7/02
摘要： An electrode, electrochemical cell, and electrochemical processes are disclosed. The electrode is a porous, multi-layered electrode which can have an element in flexible, strip form wound around a central, usually flat plate core, which core may serve as a current distributor. In any form, each layer can be represented by a very thin, highly flexible metal mesh. This can be a fine, as opposed to a coarse, mesh which has extremely thin strands and small voids. The electrode will have an active coating. For utilizing this electrode, the cell in one form will be a monopolar cell providing upward, parallel electrolyte flow through the porous, multi-layered electrode. A representative cell can have such electrode at least substantially filling an electrode chamber. The cells can be contained in a cell box that will provide the desired flow-through relationship for the electrolyte to the electrode. In cell operation, electrochemical processes which can be carried out include metal ion oxidation or reduction, oxidation of organic substituents, nitrate reduction as well as salt splitting.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电极，电化学电池和电化学方法。电极是多孔的多层电极，其可以具有缠绕在中心的，通常为平的板芯上的柔性带状的元件，该芯可以用作电流分布器。以任何形式，每层可以由非常薄的，高度柔性的金属网表示。这可以是细的，而不是具有极细线和小空隙的粗网。电极将具有活性涂层。为了利用该电极，一种形式的电池将是单极电池，其提供通过多孔多层电极的向上平行的电解质流。代表性的电池可以具有至少基本上填充电极室的这种电极。细胞可以包含在细胞盒中，其将为电解质提供期望的流通关系。在电池操作中，可以进行的电化学过程包括金属离子氧化还原，有机取代基的氧化，硝酸盐的还原以及盐分解。

7. 发明申请

US20120085571A1 MULTI-LAYER MIXED METAL OXIDE ELECTRODE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAME 有权
标题翻译：多层混合金属氧化物电极及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US20120085571A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-12
申请号：US13117373
申请日：2011-05-27
申请人： Marilyn J. Niksa , Andrew J. Niksa
发明人： Marilyn J. Niksa , Andrew J. Niksa
IPC分类号： H05K1/05
CPC分类号： C25B11/0484 , C23C18/1216 , C23C18/1225 , C23C26/00 , C23C26/02 , C23C28/04
摘要： A composition and method of manufacture of electrodes having controlled electrochemical activity to allow the electrodes to be designed for a variety of electro-oxidation processes. The electrodes are comprised of a compact coating deposited onto a conductive substrate, the coating being formed as multiple layers of a mixture of one or more platinum group metal oxides and one or more valve metal oxides. The formation of multiple layers allows the concentrations of platinum group metal and valve metal to be varied for each layer as desired for an application. For example, an electrode structure can be manufactured for use as an anode in electroplating processes, such that the oxidation of the organic additives in the electrolyte is markedly inhibited. Another electrode can be manufactured to operate at high anodic potentials in aqueous electrolytes to generate strong oxidants, e.g., hydrogen peroxide or ozone.
摘要翻译：具有受控的电化学活性以使电极被设计用于各种电氧化工艺的电极的组合物和方法。电极由沉积在导电基底上的致密涂层组成，涂层形成为多层由一种或多种铂族金属氧化物和一种或多种阀金属氧化物的混合物形成。多层的形成允许根据需要为每层改变铂族金属和阀金属的浓度。例如，可以在电镀工艺中制造用作阳极的电极结构，使得电解质中的有机添加剂的氧化被显着抑制。可以制造另一电极以在水性电解质中在高阳极电位下操作，以产生强氧化剂，例如过氧化氢或臭氧。

8. 发明授权

US5421977A Filter press electrolyzer 失效
标题翻译：压滤电解槽
公开(公告)号：US5421977A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US93606
申请日：1993-06-30
申请人： Andy W. Getsy , Marilyn J. Niksa
发明人： Andy W. Getsy , Marilyn J. Niksa
IPC分类号： C25B9/20 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25B9/20
摘要： The present invention relates to a filter press electrolyzer of the type having front and rear bulkheads. The electrolyzer comprises an electrolytic cell between the bulkheads. The cell comprises a pair of planar electrode assemblies, typically including a center compartment assembly therebetween, all in a stacked relationship. Separators are clamped between the electrode and center compartment assemblies. Each electrode assembly comprises an annular frame defining an electrolyte chamber, a planar electrode member having an electrode active area within said chamber, and a current distributing bus on the side of the electrode member which is opposite the side facing the separator. The current distributing bus has a planar surface area which is substantially co-extensive with the electrode active area. Each of the electrode assemblies comprises a plurality of spaced-apart separator strips affixed to the electrode member on the side opposite the current distributing bus. The separator strips separate the electrode member from the separator. The bulkheads include means for compression of the electrode assemblies one against the other. The separator strips of the electrode assemblies are aligned so that the separator strips transmit the compression forces within the electrolyzer from one electrode assembly to the other.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种具有前隔板和后隔板的压滤电解槽。电解槽包括在隔板之间的电解槽。电池包括一对平面电极组件，它们之间通常包括中间隔室组件，全部以堆叠的关系。分离器夹在电极和中心室组件之间。每个电极组件包括限定电解质室的环形框架，在所述室内具有电极有效区域的平面电极构件以及与电极构件侧面相对的电流分配总线。电流分配总线具有与电极有效区域基本上共同的平面表面积。每个电极组件包括在与分配总线相对的一侧上固定到电极部件上的多个间隔开的隔离带。分离器将电极构件与分离器分开。隔板包括用于将电极组件压靠在另一个上的装置。电极组件的分隔条对准，使得分离器条将电解器内的压缩力从一个电极组件传递到另一个电极组件。

9. 发明授权

US4788111A Efficient electrical power generation system 失效
标题翻译：高效发电系统
公开(公告)号：US4788111A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-29
申请号：US088314
申请日：1987-08-24
申请人： Marilyn J. Niksa , Kenneth J. Branchick , Thomas R. Turk
发明人： Marilyn J. Niksa , Kenneth J. Branchick , Thomas R. Turk
IPC分类号： H01M2/40 , H01M6/50 , H01M8/04 , H01M12/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M2/40 , H01M6/5077
摘要： Batteries comprising an anode and liquid electrolyte produce an electrolyte effluent which may contain a solid particulate discharge. This discharge product inhibits the efficient generation of electrical power by the battery. It has been discovered that this solid particulate discharge may be effectively and economically separated from the electrolyte on a continuous basis by a solids separation means comprising a container having an axis and an impeller. This system provides for the efficient generation of electrical power.
摘要翻译：包含阳极和液体电解质的电池产生可能含有固体颗粒排放物的电解液流出物。该放电产物抑制电池有效地产生电力。已经发现，通过包括具有轴线和叶轮的容器的固体分离装置，这种固体颗粒物排出物可以连续地有效地和经济地与电解质分离。该系统提供有效的电力产生。

10. 发明授权

US5196276A Reserve battery 失效
标题翻译：储备电池
公开(公告)号：US5196276A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-23
申请号：US701899
申请日：1991-05-17
申请人： Marilyn J. Niksa , Kenneth J. Gregg , Jay M. Noscal , Roger J. Chmura
发明人： Marilyn J. Niksa , Kenneth J. Gregg , Jay M. Noscal , Roger J. Chmura
IPC分类号： H01M2/36 , H01M6/36 , H01M6/50 , H01M10/04 , H01M12/06
CPC分类号： H01M12/065 , H01M10/0418 , H01M6/50
摘要： A compact reserve battery is disclosed comprising a cell housing, an expandable cell stack contained within a first portion of the housing, and an electrolyte reservoir contained within a second portion of the housing. The cell stack is expandable into the housing second portion, expansion of the cell stack displacing electrolyte from the electrolyte reservoir into the cell stack, thereby activating the battery.
摘要翻译：公开了一种紧凑的备用电池，其包括电池壳体，容纳在壳体的第一部分内的可膨胀电池组，以及容纳在壳体的第二部分内的电解质储存器。电池堆可膨胀到壳体第二部分中，电池堆的膨胀将电解质从电解质储存器移位到电池堆中，从而启动电池。

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