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1. 发明授权

US06282607B1 Efficient scheduling of reading data from multiple storage mediums to satisfy multiple requests 失效
标题翻译：从多个存储介质读取数据以满足多个请求的高效调度
公开(公告)号：US06282607B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US08936495
申请日：1997-09-18
申请人： Bruce K. Hillyer , Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Bruce K. Hillyer , Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F3/0611 , G06F3/0634 , G06F3/0655 , G06F3/0686
摘要： A dynamic process for improving the performance of a tape-based storage system is disclosed which takes a global view with regard to scheduling and tape selection. All requested data blocks located on multiple tapes within the storage system are analyzed and, taking advantage of the existing replication of some of the requested data blocks on multiple tapes and the location of the data blocks on the tapes, a schedule is formed that results in the reading/downloading of requested data blocks in an efficient manner.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于提高基于带的存储系统的性能的动态过程，其涉及调度和磁带选择的全局视图。分析位于存储系统内的多个磁带上的所有请求的数据块，并且利用多个磁带上的一些所请求的数据块的现有复制以及数据块在磁带上的位置，形成一个计划，其导致以有效的方式读取/下载所请求的数据块。

2. 发明授权

US06499037B1 System and method for serializing updates to ancestor sites in a distributed database 失效
标题翻译：将更新序列化到分布式数据库中的祖先站点的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06499037B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-24
申请号：US09391991
申请日：1999-09-09
申请人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A system for, and method of, ensuring serialization of updates from a replica site in a distributed database that is described by a copy graph and a distributed database incorporating the system or the method. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a directed acyclic copy graph (DAG) creation module that identifies backedges in, and removes the backedges from, the copy graph to yield a DAG and (2) a propagation module, associated with the DAG creation module, that initially employs eager updating to propagate the updates along the backedges and thereafter employs lazy updating to propagate the updates along edges of the directed acyclic copy graph to ensure the serialization.
摘要翻译：由复制图和包含系统或方法的分布式数据库描述的分布式数据库中的副本站点确保序列化更新的系统和方法。在一个实施例中，系统包括：（1）有向非循环复制图（DAG）创建模块，其识别复制图中的背后的和在其中移除的形式，以产生DAG，并且（2）传播模块，与 DAG创建模块，其最初采用热切更新来沿着备份传播更新，然后采用延迟更新来沿着有向非循环复制图的边缘传播更新以确保序列化。

3. 发明授权

US06205449B1 System and method for providing hot spare redundancy and recovery for a very large database management system 失效
标题翻译：为非常大的数据库管理系统提供热备份冗余和恢复的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06205449B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-20
申请号：US09045601
申请日：1998-03-20
申请人： Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F11/1471 , G06F2201/80 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： For use with a primary database residing on a primary computer, the primary computer being couplable to a secondary computer having a secondary database, a system for, and method of, allowing the secondary computer to operate as a hot spare for the primary computer and a database management system employing the system or the method. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a transaction logger, associated with the primary database, that maintains log records of transactions involving persistent data in the primary database, (2) a transaction processor, associated with the primary database, that transmits at least a portion of the log records to the secondary computer to allow the secondary computer to commit the at least the portion of the log records to the secondary database and (3) parameters, associated with the primary and secondary databases, that designate a state of the primary and secondary computers and indicate relative synchronization of the primary and secondary databases.
摘要翻译：为了与驻留在主计算机上的主数据库一起使用，主计算机可连接到具有辅助数据库的辅助计算机，用于允许辅助计算机作为主计算机的热备用的系统和方法的辅助计算机，以及采用系统或方法的数据库管理系统。在一个实施例中，系统包括：（1）与主数据库相关联的事务记录器，其维护涉及主数据库中的持久数据的事务的日志记录，（2）与主数据库相关联的事务处理器，其传送至少一部分日志记录到辅助计算机，以允许辅助计算机将至少一部分日志记录提交到辅助数据库;以及（3）与主数据库和辅助数据库相关联的指定状态的参数的主要和次要计算机，并指示主要和次要数据库的相对同步。

4. 发明授权

US06697338B1 Determination of physical topology of a communication network 失效
标题翻译：确定通信网络的物理拓扑
公开(公告)号：US06697338B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US09428419
申请日：1999-10-28
申请人： Yuri Breitbart , Minos N. Garofalakis , Clifford Eric Martin , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Yuri Breitbart , Minos N. Garofalakis , Clifford Eric Martin , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： H04L1228
CPC分类号： H04L41/12
摘要： Physical connectivity is determined between elements such as switches and routers in a multiple subnet communication network. Each element has one or more interfaces each of which is physically linked with an interface of another network element. Address sets are generated for each interface of the network elements, wherein members of a given address set correspond to network elements that can be reached from the corresponding interface for which the given address set was generated. The members of first address sets generated for corresponding interfaces of a given network element, are compared with the members of second address sets generated for corresponding interfaces of network elements other than the given element. A set of candidate connections between an interface of the given network element and one or more interfaces of other network elements, are determined. If more than one candidate connection is determined, connections with network elements that are in the same subnet as the given network element are eliminated from the set.
摘要翻译：在多个子网通信网络中的诸如交换机和路由器的元件之间确定物理连接性。每个元件具有一个或多个接口，每个接口与另一个网络元件的接口物理连接。为网络元件的每个接口生成地址集，其中给定地址集合的成员对应于可以从生成给定地址集的相应接口到达的网络元素。将给定网元的相应接口生成的第一地址集的成员与为给定元素以外的网元的相应接口生成的第二地址集的成员进行比较。确定给定网络元件的接口与其他网络元件的一个或多个接口之间的一组候选连接。如果确定了多个候选连接，则与组中与网络元素位于与给定网络元素相同的子网中的连接被消除。

5. 发明授权

US06449623B1 Method and apparatus for detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database via read logging 有权
标题翻译：用于通过读取记录来检测和恢复数据库的数据损坏的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06449623B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09207927
申请日：1998-12-09
申请人： Philip L. Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
发明人： Philip L. Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F11/1474 , G06F11/1471 , G06F2201/80 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： A method of detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database is characterized by the step of logging information about reads of a database in memory to detect errors in data of the database, wherein said errors in data of said database arise from one of bad writes of data to the database, of erroneous input of data to the database by users and of logical errors in code of a transaction. The read logging method may be implemented in a plurality of database recovery models including a cache-recovery model, a prior state model a redo-transaction model and a delete transaction model. In the delete transaction model, it is assumed that logical information is not available to allow a redo of transactions after a possible error and the effects of transactions that read corrupted data are deleted from history and any data written by a transaction reading Ararat data is treated as corrupted.
摘要翻译：从数据库的数据损坏中检测和恢复的方法的特征在于记录关于数据库在存储器中的读取的信息的步骤，以检测数据库的数据中的错误，其中所述数据库的数据中的错误来自坏写入之一的数据，数据由用户错误地输入到数据库以及事务代码中的逻辑错误。读取记录方法可以在包括高速缓存恢复模型，先前状态模型，重做事务模型和删除事务模型的多个数据库恢复模型中实现。在删除事务模型中，假设逻辑信息不可用于允许在可能的错误之后重做事务，并且从历史中删除读取损坏的数据的事务的影响，并且处理由读取Ararat数据的事务写入的任何数据被处理被破坏。

6. 发明授权

US5964829A Method and apparatus for providing enhanced pay per view in a video server employing a coarse-grained striping scheme 失效
标题翻译：在采用粗粒度条带化方案的视频服务器中提供增强的每次观看付费的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5964829A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-12
申请号：US624011
申请日：1996-03-27
申请人： Banu Ozden , Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Banu Ozden , Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F9/46 , G06F9/48 , H04N5/765 , H04N5/93 , H04N7/16 , H04N7/173 , H04N21/2315 , H04N21/262
CPC分类号： H04N7/17336
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing enhanced pay per view in a video server. Specifically, the present invention periodically schedules a group of non pre-emptible tasks corresponding to videos in a video server having a predetermined number of processors, wherein each task begins at predetermined periods and has a set of sub-tasks separated by predetermined intervals. To schedule the group of tasks, the present invention divides the tasks into two groups according to whether they may be scheduled on a single processor. The present invention schedules each group separately. For the group of tasks not scheduleable on a single processor, the present invention determines a number of processors required to schedule such group and schedules such tasks to start at a predetermined time. For the group of tasks scheduleable on a single processor, the present invention determines whether such tasks are scheduleable on the available processors using an array of time slots. If the present invention determines that such group of tasks are not scheduleable on the available processors, then the present invention recursively partitions such group of tasks in subsets and re-performs the second determination of scheduleability. Recursive partitioning continues until the group of tasks is deemed scheduleable or no longer partitionable. In the latter case, the group of tasks is deemed not scheduleable.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在视频服务器中提供增强的每次视图的方法和装置。具体地说，本发明周期性地调度与具有预定数量的处理器的视频服务器中的视频相对应的一组不可预先排除的任务，其中每个任务以预定时段开始并且具有以预定间隔隔开的一组子任务。为了安排该组任务，本发明根据它们是否可以在单个处理器上进行调度来将任务分成两组。本发明分别安排每组。对于在单个处理器上不可调度的任务组，本发明确定了调度这样的组并且计划这些任务在预定时间开始的所需的处理器数量。对于在单个处理器上可调度的任务组，本发明使用时隙阵列来确定这些任务是否在可用处理器上可调度。如果本发明确定这样的任务组在可用处理器上是不可调度的，则本发明递归地在子集中划分这样的任务组，并重新执行可调度性的第二确定。递归分区继续进行，直到任务组被视为可安排或不再可分区。在后一种情况下，该组任务被视为不可计划。

7. 发明授权

US5864849A System and method for restoring a multiple checkpointed database in view of loss of volatile memory 失效
标题翻译：考虑到易失性存储器的丢失，还原多个检查点数据库的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5864849A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US767048
申请日：1996-12-16
申请人： Philip Lewis Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
发明人： Philip Lewis Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
IPC分类号： G06F11/14 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F11/1469 , G06F11/1471 , Y10S707/99937 , Y10S707/99938 , Y10S707/99952 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： For use with an active database stored in volatile memory for direct revision thereof, the active database having multiple checkpoints and a stable log, having a tail stored in the volatile memory, for tracking revisions to the active database to allow corresponding revisions to be made to the multiple checkpoints, the active database subject to corruption, a system for, and method of, restoring the active database and a computer system containing the same. The system includes: (1) a checkpoint determination controller that determines which of the multiple checkpoints is a most recently completed checkpoint and copies the most recently completed checkpoint to the volatile memory to serve as an unrevised database for reconstructing the active database and (2) a revision application controller that retrieves selected ones of the revisions from the stable log and the tail and applies the revisions to the unrevised database thereby to restore the active database. In an advantageous embodiment, the applied revisions include log records at an operation level (lower level of abstration than transactions), and the revision application controller, using memory locks while restoring the active database, releases ones of the memory locks as a function of applying ones of the log records.
摘要翻译：为了与存储在易失性存储器中的活动数据库一起用于其直接修订，活动数据库具有多个检查点和稳定的日志，其具有存储在易失性存储器中的尾部，用于跟踪活动数据库的修订以允许相应的修订多个检查点，活动数据库受到破坏，恢复活动数据库的系统和方法以及包含该活动数据库的计算机系统。该系统包括：（1）检查点确定控制器，其确定多个检查点中的哪一个是最近完成的检查点，并将最近完成的检查点复制到易失性存储器，以用作用于重建活动数据库的未修改的数据库;以及（2）修订应用程序控制器，从稳定日志和尾部检索选定的修订版本，并将修订版本应用到未修改的数据库，从而恢复活动数据库。在有利的实施例中，所应用的修订包括在操作级别（比交易更低级别）的日志记录，以及在恢复活动数据库时使用存储器锁定的修订应用程序控制器，释放作为应用的函数的存储器锁一些日志记录。

8. 发明授权

US5845292A System and method for restoring a distributed checkpointed database 失效
标题翻译：用于恢复分布式检查点数据库的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5845292A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-01
申请号：US766096
申请日：1996-12-16
申请人： Philip L. Bohannon , James Allen Parker , Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Philip L. Bohannon , James Allen Parker , Rajeev Rastogi , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F11/1471 , G06F11/1469 , G06F2201/80 , Y10S707/99938 , Y10S707/99952 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： For use with a central database associated with a server of a network, the central database having distributed counterparts stored in volatile memories of clients of the network to allow operations to be performed locally thereon, the central database further having multiple checkpoints and a stable log stored in the server for tracking operations on the central database to allow corresponding operations to be made to the multiple checkpoints, the stable log having tails stored in the volatile memories to track operations on corresponding ones of the distributed counterparts, the distributed counterparts to corruption, a system for, and method of, restoring a distributed counterpart stored in one of the volatile memories. The system includes: (1) a checkpoint determination controller that determines which of the multiple checkpoints is a most recently completed checkpoint and copies the most recently completed checkpoint to the one of the volatile memories to serve as an unrevised database for reconstructing the distributed counterpart and (2) an operation application controller that retrieves selected ones of the operations from the stable log and a tail corresponding to the distributed counterpart and applies the operations to the unrevised database thereby to restore the distributed counterpart.
摘要翻译：为了与与网络的服务器相关联的中央数据库使用，中央数据库具有存储在网络的客户端的易失性存储器中的分布的对等体，以允许在本地执行操作，中央数据库还具有多个检查点和稳定的日志存储在服务器中用于在中央数据库上跟踪操作以允许对多个检查点进行相应的操作，稳定日志具有存储在易失性存储器中的尾部，以跟踪对应的分布对等体的操作，分布的对等体到腐败，系统和恢复存储在一个易失性存储器中的分布式对方的方法。该系统包括：（1）检查点确定控制器，其确定多个检查点中的哪一个是最近完成的检查点，并将最近完成的检查点复制到易失性存储器中的一个，以用作用于重建分布式对等体的未修复数据库，（2）操作应用程序控制器，其从稳定日志中检索所选择的操作和对应于分发对方的尾部，并将操作应用于未修改的数据库，从而恢复分布的对等体。

9. 发明授权

US06381609B1 System and method for serializing lazy updates in a distributed database without requiring timestamps 有权
标题翻译：用于在分布式数据库中序列化延迟更新而不需要时间戳的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06381609B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09346798
申请日：1999-07-02
申请人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 , G06F17/30356 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A system for, and method of, ensuring serialization of lazy updates in a distributed database described by a directed acyclic copy graph. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a forest construction module that creates a forest having trees and edges from the directed acyclic copy graph and (2) a propagation module, associated with the forest construction module, that employs the edges of the forest to propagate the lazy updates among replicas in the distributed database and ensure the serialization.
摘要翻译：一种用于确保在由有向非循环复制图描述的分布式数据库中对延迟更新进行序列化的系统和方法。在一个实施例中，系统包括：（1）森林建设模块，其从有向非循环复制图形创建具有树和边缘的森林，以及（2）与森林建设模块相关联的传播模块，其使用森林在分布式数据库中传播复制品中的懒惰更新，并确保序列化。

10. 发明授权

US06374264B1 Method and apparatus for detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database via read prechecking and deferred maintenance of codewords 有权
标题翻译：用于通过读取预检和代码字的延迟维护来检测和恢复数据库的数据损坏的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06374264B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09207926
申请日：1998-12-09
申请人： Philip L. Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
发明人： Philip L. Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F11/1474 , G06F11/1471 , G06F2201/80 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： A method of detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database is characterized by the step of protecting data of the database with codewords, one codeword for each region of the database; and verifying that a codeword matches associated data before the data is read from the database to prevent transaction-carried corruption. A deferred maintenance scheme is recommended for the codewords protecting the database such that the method of detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database may comprise the steps of protecting data of the database with codewords, one codeword for each region of the database; and asynchronously maintaining the codewords to improve concurrency of the database. Moreover, the database may be audited by using the codewords and noting them in a table and protecting regions of the database with latches. Once codeword values are computed and checked against noted values in memory, a flush can cause codewords from outstanding log records to be applied to the stored codeword table.
摘要翻译：一种从数据库的数据损坏中检测和恢复的方法的特征在于利用码字保护数据库的数据的步骤，数据库的每个区域的一个码字; 并且在从数据库读取数据之前验证码字匹配相关联的数据以防止交易携带的损坏。对于保护数据库的代码字，建议使用延迟维护方案，以便检测和恢复数据库的数据损坏的方法可以包括以下代码字来保护数据库的数据的步骤，数据库的每个区域的一个代码字; 并且异步地维护码字以改善数据库的并发性。此外，可以通过使用码字来审核数据库，并在表中注明数据库，并用锁存器保护数据库的区域。一旦根据存储器中的标记值计算和检查码字值，则刷新可以使来自未完成的日志记录的码字被应用于存储的码字表。

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