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1. 发明授权

US06502095B2 Timestamp-based system and method for serializing lazy updates in a distributed database 失效
标题翻译：基于时间戳的系统和方法，用于在分布式数据库中序列化延迟更新
公开(公告)号：US06502095B2
公开(公告)日：2002-12-31
申请号：US09391988
申请日：1999-09-09
申请人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 , Y10S707/966 , Y10S707/99938 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A system for, and method of, ensuring serialization of lazy updates in a distributed database described by a directed acyclic copy graph. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a timestamp module that creates a unique timestamp for each of the lazy updates and (2) a propagation module, associated with the timestamp module, that employs edges of the directed acyclic copy graph to propagate the lazy updates among replicas in the distributed database according to said unique timestamp and ensure the serialization.
摘要翻译：一种用于确保在由有向非循环复制图描述的分布式数据库中对延迟更新进行序列化的系统和方法。在一个实施例中，系统包括：（1）时间戳模块，其为每个延迟更新创建唯一的时间戳，以及（2）与时间戳模块相关联的传播模块，其使用有向非循环复制图的边缘来传播根据所述唯一的时间戳，分布式数据库中的副本之间的懒惰更新，并确保序列化。

2. 发明授权

US06499037B1 System and method for serializing updates to ancestor sites in a distributed database 失效
标题翻译：将更新序列化到分布式数据库中的祖先站点的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06499037B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-24
申请号：US09391991
申请日：1999-09-09
申请人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A system for, and method of, ensuring serialization of updates from a replica site in a distributed database that is described by a copy graph and a distributed database incorporating the system or the method. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a directed acyclic copy graph (DAG) creation module that identifies backedges in, and removes the backedges from, the copy graph to yield a DAG and (2) a propagation module, associated with the DAG creation module, that initially employs eager updating to propagate the updates along the backedges and thereafter employs lazy updating to propagate the updates along edges of the directed acyclic copy graph to ensure the serialization.
摘要翻译：由复制图和包含系统或方法的分布式数据库描述的分布式数据库中的副本站点确保序列化更新的系统和方法。在一个实施例中，系统包括：（1）有向非循环复制图（DAG）创建模块，其识别复制图中的背后的和在其中移除的形式，以产生DAG，并且（2）传播模块，与 DAG创建模块，其最初采用热切更新来沿着备份传播更新，然后采用延迟更新来沿着有向非循环复制图的边缘传播更新以确保序列化。

3. 发明授权

US06381609B1 System and method for serializing lazy updates in a distributed database without requiring timestamps 有权
标题翻译：用于在分布式数据库中序列化延迟更新而不需要时间戳的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06381609B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09346798
申请日：1999-07-02
申请人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Yuri J. Breitbart , Raghavan V. Komondoor , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 , G06F17/30356 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A system for, and method of, ensuring serialization of lazy updates in a distributed database described by a directed acyclic copy graph. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a forest construction module that creates a forest having trees and edges from the directed acyclic copy graph and (2) a propagation module, associated with the forest construction module, that employs the edges of the forest to propagate the lazy updates among replicas in the distributed database and ensure the serialization.
摘要翻译：一种用于确保在由有向非循环复制图描述的分布式数据库中对延迟更新进行序列化的系统和方法。在一个实施例中，系统包括：（1）森林建设模块，其从有向非循环复制图形创建具有树和边缘的森林，以及（2）与森林建设模块相关联的传播模块，其使用森林在分布式数据库中传播复制品中的懒惰更新，并确保序列化。

4. 发明授权

US06697338B1 Determination of physical topology of a communication network 失效
标题翻译：确定通信网络的物理拓扑
公开(公告)号：US06697338B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US09428419
申请日：1999-10-28
申请人： Yuri Breitbart , Minos N. Garofalakis , Clifford Eric Martin , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Yuri Breitbart , Minos N. Garofalakis , Clifford Eric Martin , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： H04L1228
CPC分类号： H04L41/12
摘要： Physical connectivity is determined between elements such as switches and routers in a multiple subnet communication network. Each element has one or more interfaces each of which is physically linked with an interface of another network element. Address sets are generated for each interface of the network elements, wherein members of a given address set correspond to network elements that can be reached from the corresponding interface for which the given address set was generated. The members of first address sets generated for corresponding interfaces of a given network element, are compared with the members of second address sets generated for corresponding interfaces of network elements other than the given element. A set of candidate connections between an interface of the given network element and one or more interfaces of other network elements, are determined. If more than one candidate connection is determined, connections with network elements that are in the same subnet as the given network element are eliminated from the set.
摘要翻译：在多个子网通信网络中的诸如交换机和路由器的元件之间确定物理连接性。每个元件具有一个或多个接口，每个接口与另一个网络元件的接口物理连接。为网络元件的每个接口生成地址集，其中给定地址集合的成员对应于可以从生成给定地址集的相应接口到达的网络元素。将给定网元的相应接口生成的第一地址集的成员与为给定元素以外的网元的相应接口生成的第二地址集的成员进行比较。确定给定网络元件的接口与其他网络元件的一个或多个接口之间的一组候选连接。如果确定了多个候选连接，则与组中与网络元素位于与给定网络元素相同的子网中的连接被消除。

5. 发明授权

US06449623B1 Method and apparatus for detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database via read logging 有权
标题翻译：用于通过读取记录来检测和恢复数据库的数据损坏的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06449623B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09207927
申请日：1998-12-09
申请人： Philip L. Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
发明人： Philip L. Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F11/1474 , G06F11/1471 , G06F2201/80 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： A method of detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database is characterized by the step of logging information about reads of a database in memory to detect errors in data of the database, wherein said errors in data of said database arise from one of bad writes of data to the database, of erroneous input of data to the database by users and of logical errors in code of a transaction. The read logging method may be implemented in a plurality of database recovery models including a cache-recovery model, a prior state model a redo-transaction model and a delete transaction model. In the delete transaction model, it is assumed that logical information is not available to allow a redo of transactions after a possible error and the effects of transactions that read corrupted data are deleted from history and any data written by a transaction reading Ararat data is treated as corrupted.
摘要翻译：从数据库的数据损坏中检测和恢复的方法的特征在于记录关于数据库在存储器中的读取的信息的步骤，以检测数据库的数据中的错误，其中所述数据库的数据中的错误来自坏写入之一的数据，数据由用户错误地输入到数据库以及事务代码中的逻辑错误。读取记录方法可以在包括高速缓存恢复模型，先前状态模型，重做事务模型和删除事务模型的多个数据库恢复模型中实现。在删除事务模型中，假设逻辑信息不可用于允许在可能的错误之后重做事务，并且从历史中删除读取损坏的数据的事务的影响，并且处理由读取Ararat数据的事务写入的任何数据被处理被破坏。

6. 发明授权

US6125371A System and method for aging versions of data in a main memory database 失效
标题翻译：主内存数据库中数据老化版本的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6125371A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US914744
申请日：1997-08-19
申请人： Philip L. Bohannon , Dennis W. Leinbaugh , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
发明人： Philip L. Bohannon , Dennis W. Leinbaugh , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30309 , G06F2216/09 , Y10S707/99954
摘要： For use with a database of data records stored in a memory, a system and method for increasing a memory capacity and a memory database employing the system or the method. The system includes: (1) a time stamping controller that assigns a time stamp to transactions to be performed on the database, the time stamp operates to preserve an order of the transactions, (2) a versioning controller that creates multiple versions of ones of the data records affected by the transactions that are update transactions and (3) an aging controller, which is associated with each of the time stamping and versioning controllers, that monitors a measurable characteristic of the memory and deletes ones of the multiple versions of the ones of the data records in response to the time stamp and the measurable characteristic thereby to increase memory capacity.
摘要翻译：用于存储在存储器中的数据记录的数据库，用于增加存储器容量的系统和方法以及采用该系统或方法的存储器数据库。该系统包括：（1）时间戳控制器，为在数据库上执行的事务分配时间戳，时间戳操作以保持事务的顺序，（2）版本控制器，其创建多个版本的由更新事务的事务影响的数据记录和（3）与每个时间戳和版本控制器相关联的老化控制器，其监视存储器的可测量特性并删除其中的一个版本的数据记录，以响应于时间戳和可测量的特性，从而增加存储器容量。

7. 发明授权

US06374264B1 Method and apparatus for detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database via read prechecking and deferred maintenance of codewords 有权
标题翻译：用于通过读取预检和代码字的延迟维护来检测和恢复数据库的数据损坏的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06374264B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09207926
申请日：1998-12-09
申请人： Philip L. Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
发明人： Philip L. Bohannon , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F11/1474 , G06F11/1471 , G06F2201/80 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： A method of detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database is characterized by the step of protecting data of the database with codewords, one codeword for each region of the database; and verifying that a codeword matches associated data before the data is read from the database to prevent transaction-carried corruption. A deferred maintenance scheme is recommended for the codewords protecting the database such that the method of detecting and recovering from data corruption of a database may comprise the steps of protecting data of the database with codewords, one codeword for each region of the database; and asynchronously maintaining the codewords to improve concurrency of the database. Moreover, the database may be audited by using the codewords and noting them in a table and protecting regions of the database with latches. Once codeword values are computed and checked against noted values in memory, a flush can cause codewords from outstanding log records to be applied to the stored codeword table.
摘要翻译：一种从数据库的数据损坏中检测和恢复的方法的特征在于利用码字保护数据库的数据的步骤，数据库的每个区域的一个码字; 并且在从数据库读取数据之前验证码字匹配相关联的数据以防止交易携带的损坏。对于保护数据库的代码字，建议使用延迟维护方案，以便检测和恢复数据库的数据损坏的方法可以包括以下代码字来保护数据库的数据的步骤，数据库的每个区域的一个代码字; 并且异步地维护码字以改善数据库的并发性。此外，可以通过使用码字来审核数据库，并在表中注明数据库，并用锁存器保护数据库的区域。一旦根据存储器中的标记值计算和检查码字值，则刷新可以使来自未完成的日志记录的码字被应用于存储的码字表。

8. 发明授权

US6122645A System and method for physically versioning data in a main memory database 失效
标题翻译：在主内存数据库中物理版本化数据的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6122645A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US2635
申请日：1998-01-05
申请人： Philip L. Bohannon , Dennis W. Leinbaugh , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
发明人： Philip L. Bohannon , Dennis W. Leinbaugh , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30309 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99954
摘要： For use with a database of data records organized into components, the database stored in a memory, a processing system for, and method of, physically versioning the database. In one embodiment, the processing system includes: (1) a component copier that creates a physical copy of an original component to be affected by an update transaction to be applied to the database, and that causes pointers in nodes of the physical copy to point to other nodes in the physical copy, (2) a data updater, associated with the component copier, that applies the update transaction to the physical copy to create therefrom a new physical version, the original component remaining unaffected by the update transaction and (3) a pointer updater, associated with the data updated, that employs an atomic word write to revise a component pointer, associated with the database, to cause the pointer to point to the new physical version.
摘要翻译：为了与组织成组件的数据记录的数据库一起使用，存储在内存中的数据库，处理系统以及对数据库进行物理版本化的方法。在一个实施例中，处理系统包括：（1）组件复印机，其创建将要被应用于数据库的更新事务影响的原始组件的物理副本，并且使物理副本的节点中的指针指向到物理副本中的其他节点，（2）与组件复印机相关联的数据更新器，将更新事务应用于物理副本以从其创建新的物理版本，原始组件不受更新事务的影响，（3 ）与更新的数据相关联的指针更新器，其使用原子字写入来修改与数据库相关联的组件指针，以使指针指向新的物理版本。

9. 发明授权

US06615201B1 Computer network management 有权
标题翻译：计算机网络管理
公开(公告)号：US06615201B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US09558425
申请日：2000-04-25
申请人： Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
发明人： Srinivasan Seshadri , Abraham Silberschatz
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： H04L41/044 , H04L41/0213 , H04L41/024 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934
摘要： A computer network management arrangement employs enhanced network elements that include database technology. This, in turn, allows such enhanced network elements to filter management information intelligently and also to notify an associated network manager of the occurrence of complex events of interest. More specifically, the network elements are enhanced through use of database technology to process declarative queries and to support triggers. Additionally, auxiliary network managers, that perform as proxies for network elements that have not been enhance with database technology, are employed to collect and integrate management information from one or more non-enhanced network elements. Consequently, the management information supplied to a network manager from the auxiliary network mangers could be significantly less than that collected from the network elements. Thus, the auxiliary network managers further reduce the network management traffic. In a specific embodiment of the invention, support is embedded into the individual network elements for a declarative query language, one example being the structured query language (SQL). Support is also added for event notification to the individual network elements. One or more auxiliary network managers are employed that can answer declarative inquiries. Moreover, the management information base information stored in the individual network elements is modeled as relational tables that are queried.
摘要翻译：计算机网络管理安排采用包括数据库技术的增强网络元素。这反过来又允许这种增强的网络元件智能地过滤管理信息，并且还通知相关网络管理器感兴趣的复杂事件的发生。更具体地说，通过使用数据库技术来处理声明性查询并支持触发器来增强网络元件。另外，使用作为未通过数据库技术进行增强的网络元件的代理的辅助网络管理器来收集并集成来自一个或多个非增强网络元件的管理信息。因此，从辅助网络管理器提供给网络管理器的管理信息可以显着小于从网络元件收集的管理信息。因此，辅助网络管理者进一步降低网络管理流量。在本发明的具体实施例中，用于声明性查询语言将支持嵌入到各个网络元件中，一个示例是结构化查询语言（SQL）。还添加了对各个网元的事件通知的支持。使用一个或多个辅助网络管理器来回答声明性查询。此外，存储在各个网络元件中的管理信息库信息被建模为被查询的关系表。

10. 发明授权

US06343296B1 On-line reorganization in object-oriented databases 失效
标题翻译：面向对象数据库的在线重组
公开(公告)号：US06343296B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-29
申请号：US09389337
申请日：1999-09-03
申请人： Mohana Krishna Lakhamraju , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
发明人： Mohana Krishna Lakhamraju , Rajeev Rastogi , Srinivasan Seshadri , Sundararajarao Sudarshan
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30607 , Y10S707/99938 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944
摘要： An on-line reorganization method of an object-oriented database with physical references involves a novel fuzzy traversal of the database, or a partition thereof, to identify the approximate parents of all migrating objects. Where the entire database is traversed the process begins from its persistent root. For traversals of a partition the process begins from each object with a reference pointing to it from outside the partition. To facilitate the identification of these inter-partitional objects an External Reference Table (“ERT”) is maintained. During the fuzzy traversal all new inserted and deleted references are tracked in a Temporary Reference Table (“TRT”). After the fuzzy traversal is completed, for each migrating object, a lock is obtained on the identified approximate parents and on all new parents in which references to the object were inserted, as indicated by the TRT. Based on the information in the TRT, locks are released on all approximate parents whose references to the object have been deleted. The references to the migrating object in the remaining set of locked parents are updated, the object is relocated and the locks are released. Alternatively, each parent of a migrating object can be individually locked, updated and released.
摘要翻译：具有物理引用的面向对象数据库的在线重组方法涉及数据库或其分区的新颖的模糊遍历，以识别所有迁移对象的近似父母。在整个数据库遍历的过程中，进程从其持久根开始。对于遍历分区，进程从每个对象开始，引用从分区外部引用它。为了便于识别这些跨部门对象，维护了外部参考表（“ERT”）。在模糊遍历期间，所有新插入和删除的引用将在临时参考表（“TRT”）中进行跟踪。模糊遍历完成后，对于每个迁移对象，在所标识的近似父母以及所有新父母上获取锁定，其中插入了对象的引用，如TRT所示。根据TRT中的信息，在对对象的引用已被删除的所有近似父类上释放锁。在剩余的一组锁定的父项中对迁移对象的引用被更新，对象被重新定位并且锁被释放。或者，可以单独锁定，更新和释放迁移对象的每个父项。

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