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1. 发明授权

US4067787A Method of making hydrogen peroxide 失效
标题翻译：制造过氧化氢的方法
公开(公告)号：US4067787A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-10
申请号：US631379
申请日：1975-11-12
申请人： Bertel Kastening , Heinrich Schmitz
发明人： Bertel Kastening , Heinrich Schmitz
IPC分类号： C25B1/28 , C01B15/032 , C01B15/043 , C25B1/30
CPC分类号： C25B1/30 , C01B15/032
摘要： A method of and electrolytic cell for making hydrogen peroxide, according which oxygen is introduced into an electrolyte solution which contains in dissolved form an organic compound forming a redox system. After reduction of the oxidized form of the organic compound on the cathode of the electrolytic cell, which preferably has a cathode of glass-like carbon or graphite, and which is passed through by the current and after formation of the reduced form of the organic compound, the oxygen introduced into the electrolyte solution is reduced by reaction with the thus obtained reduced form of the organic compound. With a simultaneous re-formation of the oxidized form of the organic compound, peroxide is formed whereupon there is introduced into the electrolyte solution for separating the formed peroxide such a quantity of an alkaline earth metal compound that the peroxide is precipitated as alkaline earth metal peroxide and the precipitated alkaline earth metal peroxide is filtered off and withdrawn from the electrolyte solution, whereupon it is suspended in water, and acid is introduced into the thus formed suspension so that by reaction of the alkaline-peroxide with the acid hydrogen peroxide is formed.
摘要翻译：一种用于制造过氧化氢的方法和电解池，根据该方法，将氧引入含有溶解形式的形成氧化还原体系的有机化合物的电解质溶液中。在电解槽的阴极上还原有机化合物后，优选具有玻璃状碳或石墨的阴极，并且通过电流通过并形成还原形式的有机化合物通过与由此得到的还原形式的有机化合物的反应而导入电解质溶液中的氧被还原。同时重新形成有机化合物的氧化形式，形成过氧化物，然后引入到电解质溶液中，以分离形成的过氧化物，一定量的碱土金属化合物作为碱土金属过氧化物沉淀将析出的碱土金属过氧化物从电解质溶液中滤出并取出，然后将其悬浮在水中，并将酸引入如此形成的悬浮液中，使得形成碱过氧化物与酸过氧化氢的反应。

2. 发明授权

US4564428A Ammoniated etching solution and process for its regeneration utilizing ammonium chloride addition 失效
标题翻译：氨化蚀刻溶液及其利用氯化铵添加的再生方法
公开(公告)号：US4564428A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-14
申请号：US624585
申请日：1984-06-26
申请人： Leander Furst , Walter Holzer , Bertel Kastening
发明人： Leander Furst , Walter Holzer , Bertel Kastening
IPC分类号： C25F7/02 , C23F1/32 , C23F1/34 , C23F1/46 , C25C1/12
CPC分类号： C23F1/34 , C23F1/46
摘要： The addition of a small quantity of ammonium chloride to an ammonium sulf etching solution results in shortening the regeneration time of the spent etching solution when air or oxygen is bubbled through it to reoxidize it, and it also results in accelerating the etching rate. The extent of this improvement deteriorates with increasing chlorine ion content, disappearing when the chlorine ion content substantially exceeds 0.4% by weight of the solution and still greater chlorine ion additions are distinctly undesirable. The electrolysis of the etching solution to remove etched-away metal cathodically produces enough oxygen at the anode to prevent any substantial evolution of chlorine from the electrolytic action on the small chlorine ion content.
摘要翻译：向硫酸铵蚀刻溶液中加入少量氯化铵可以缩短废气蚀刻溶液的再生时间，当空气或氧气通过氧化硅再次氧化时，可以缩短再生时间，同时也可以提高蚀刻速度。这种改进的程度随着氯离子含量的增加而降低，当氯离子含量基本上超过溶液的重量的0.4％时，消失，而且更大的氯离子添加显然是不期望的。用阴极去除蚀刻掉的金属的蚀刻溶液的电解在阳极产生足够的氧，以防止氯对氯离子含量小的电解作用的显着释放。

3. 发明授权

US4432872A Apparatus for oxidation or reduction process in water solution with electrochemically active catalyst on a porous carrier 失效
标题翻译：用于在多孔载体上的电化学活性催化剂的水溶液中氧化或还原过程的装置
公开(公告)号：US4432872A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-21
申请号：US274622
申请日：1981-06-17
申请人： Wolfgang Faul , Bertel Kastening
发明人： Wolfgang Faul , Bertel Kastening
IPC分类号： C02F1/46 , B01J10/00 , B01J19/00 , B01J21/18 , B01J23/42 , B01J35/00 , B01J35/04 , C25C7/02 , H01M4/86 , B01J8/06
CPC分类号： H01M4/86 , B01J35/00 , C25C7/02
摘要： A plate or hollow cylinder of coarsely porous graphite is coated with a layer of finely porous activated carbon that has previously been heat-treated. The fine layer is impregnated with a catalyst either before or after application to the graphite body. A gas is caused to flow through the graphite body and out through the finely porous layer containing the catalyst, to react with substances in a solution in which the carrier body is immersed. For oxidation, air can be used, and for reduction, hydrogen. In this manner, sulfite can be oxidized or chromate reduced and hydrogen gas can also be used to precipitate platinum, rhodium, copper and other metals from solution. Electro-chemical activation or regeneration of the catalyst is possible by applying a potential to the carrier body. The reaction can be carried on in solutions in which solids are suspended without clogging the catalyst.
摘要翻译：涂有粗过孔石墨的板或中空圆筒，其上已经进行过热处理的细孔活性炭层。在施加到石墨体之前或之后，用催化剂浸渍细层。使气体通过石墨体流过包含催化剂的细孔层，与载体体浸入溶液中的物质反应。为了氧化，可以使用空气，还可以还原氢气。以这种方式，亚硫酸盐可以被氧化或铬酸盐还原，也可以使用氢气从溶液中沉淀出铂，铑，铜和其他金属。催化剂的电化学活化或再生可以通过向载体体施加电位。反应可以在其中悬浮固体而不堵塞催化剂的溶液中进行。

4. 发明授权

US4159309A Process for the catalytic reduction of reducible compounds in solution 失效
标题翻译：在溶液中催化还原可还原化合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4159309A
公开(公告)日：1979-06-26
申请号：US889727
申请日：1978-03-24
申请人： Wolfgang Faul , Bertel Kastening
发明人： Wolfgang Faul , Bertel Kastening
IPC分类号： C02F1/70 , C02F1/76 , C02F9/00 , C01B21/00 , C01C1/00
CPC分类号： C02F1/70 , C02F2101/16 , C02F2101/22 , C02F2303/185
摘要： Reducible pollutants can be detoxified by reduction and metals can be recred by reduction of the corresponding metal ions by bringing into contact a catalyst with the solution which is suitable for the electrochemical reduction of the ions in question, and mixing into the solution (or bubbling therethrough in the case of a gas) a reducing agent that has a redox potential in the redox system of the reducing agent and its oxidation product that is more negative than the redox potential of the substance to be reduced and its reduction product. The catalyst is a material that is suitable for use as an anode material at which hydrogen can be oxidized in a fuel cell. Such catalysts include finely divided platinum, activated carbon coated with platinum, tungsten carbide and activated carbon coated with tungsten carbide, particularly. Hydrogen is a good reducing agent for the purpose.
摘要翻译：可降解的污染物可以通过还原进行解毒，并且可以通过使催化剂与适合所述离子的电化学还原的溶液接触催化剂并将其混合到溶液中在气体的情况下）还原剂在还原剂的氧化还原体系中具有氧化还原电位，其氧化产物比待还原物质的氧化还原电位更负，其还原产物。催化剂是适合用作在燃料电池中氢被氧化的阳极材料的材料。这种催化剂包括细碎的铂，涂覆有铂的活性炭，碳化钨和涂有碳化钨的活性炭。氢是一种很好的还原剂。

5. 发明授权

US3980535A Process for producing sulfones 失效
标题翻译：生产砜的方法
公开(公告)号：US3980535A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-14
申请号：US474167
申请日：1974-05-29
申请人： Dierk Knittel , Bertel Kastening
发明人： Dierk Knittel , Bertel Kastening
IPC分类号： C07C67/00 , C07C313/00 , C07C315/00 , C07C317/04 , C07C317/10 , C07C317/14 , C07D333/72 , C25B3/00 , C07C147/02
CPC分类号： C07D333/72 , C25B3/00
摘要： Sulfones are produced by reacting an organic compound R--X (where X is a substituent on the organic radical R replaceable by SO.sub.2.sup.- ion) in an aprotic organic medium which may be the compound itself, with SO.sub.2.sup.- ions produced by electrolysis upon introduction of sulfur dioxide into the system. Any of a wide range of sulfones or polysulfones having surfactant and fabric-treating (finishing) or therapeutic properties or serving as materials for the manufacture of plastics may be made in this manner.
摘要翻译：砜是通过有机化合物RX（其中X是可由SO 2 - 离子可以被有机基团R取代的取代基）在可以是化合物本身的非质子有机介质中与通过电解产生的SO 2 - 将二氧化硫引入系统。任何具有表面活性剂和织物处理（整理）或治疗性质的或用作塑料制造材料的砜或聚砜的方法可以以这种方式进行。

6. 发明授权

US4269678A Method for regenerating a cupric chloride and/or ferric chloride containing etching solution in an electrolysis cell 失效
标题翻译：在电解槽中再生含有氯化铜和/或氯化铁的蚀刻溶液的方法
公开(公告)号：US4269678A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-26
申请号：US96136
申请日：1979-11-20
申请人： Wolfgang Faul , Bertel Kastening , Harald Luft
发明人： Wolfgang Faul , Bertel Kastening , Harald Luft
IPC分类号： C25F7/02 , C23F1/46 , C25F3/14
CPC分类号： C23F1/46
摘要： Method and apparatus for regenerating etching solutions obtained by chemily processing metallic surfaces, which solutions contain cupric chloride and/or ferric chloride. The apparatus includes between the anode and the cathode a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane. The etching solution is passed through the electrolysis cell for anodic oxidation of the cuprous and/or ferrous ions obtained by etching of the metallic surface of a workpiece. An effective quantity of activated pulverous carbon particles is suspended at least in the anode compartment of the electrolysis cell, which cell is in communication with an etching chamber in such a way so as to allow circulating flow of solution.
摘要翻译：通过化学处理金属表面而获得的蚀刻溶液再生方法和装置，该溶液含有氯化铜和/或氯化铁。该装置包括在阳极和阴极之间的隔膜或离子交换膜。蚀刻溶液通过用于通过蚀刻工件的金属表面而获得的亚铜和/或亚铁离子的阳极氧化的电解池。至少在电解池的阳极室中悬浮有效量的活性粉状碳颗粒，该电池与蚀刻室连通，以使溶液循环流动。

7. 发明授权

US4265722A Method of processing the surface of workpieces including particularly the etching of surfaces containing copper or copper alloys 失效
标题翻译：处理工件表面的方法，特别是包括铜或铜合金表面的蚀刻
公开(公告)号：US4265722A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-05
申请号：US096137
申请日：1979-11-20
申请人： Wolfgang Faul , Leander Furst , Bertel Kastening
发明人： Wolfgang Faul , Leander Furst , Bertel Kastening
IPC分类号： C23F1/18 , C23F1/46 , C25F3/14 , C25F5/00
CPC分类号： C23F1/46
摘要： Method of etching of surfaces of copper or copper alloys by way of an aci solution containing an oxidizing agent. After removal of the copper surface, the etching solution is passed for regeneration of the oxidizing agent through an electrolysis cell having an anode and a cathode, with copper being deposited on the cathode. The etching solution is maintained free of chloride ions and contains as the oxidizing agent ferric sulfate in a concentration of up to about 140 g of Fe/1 etching solution, whereby the copper content of the etching solution is adjusted to at least 10 g Cu per liter etching solution, while the current density in the electrolysis cell is maintained at at least 2A/dm.sup.2.
摘要翻译：通过含有氧化剂的酸性溶液蚀刻铜或铜合金表面的方法。在去除铜表面之后，使蚀刻溶液通过具有阳极和阴极的电解池再次氧化剂，铜沉积在阴极上。蚀刻溶液保持不含氯离子，并含有浓度高达约140g Fe / 1蚀刻溶液的氧化铁硫酸铁，由此将蚀刻溶液的铜含量调节至至少10g Cu 而电解池中的电流密度保持在至少2A / dm 2。

8. 发明授权

US4153531A Apparatus for electrochemically processing metallic surfaces 失效
标题翻译：用于电化学处理金属表面的装置
公开(公告)号：US4153531A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-08
申请号：US881638
申请日：1978-02-27
申请人： Wolfgang Faul , Bertel Kastening
发明人： Wolfgang Faul , Bertel Kastening
IPC分类号： C25F3/02 , C25F7/00 , H05K3/07 , C25D17/06
CPC分类号： H05K3/07 , C25F3/02 , C25F7/00 , H05K2203/09
摘要： An electrolytic cell which between the anode and cathode includes a diaphm dividing the electrolytic cell into two chambers. In one of these chambers there is provided an electrolyte which contains the suspension of electrically conductive bodies. The apparatus includes a treatment chamber for workpieces to be arranged in a contact-free manner with regard to the cathode and anode. A conveying line for the electrolyte containing the electrically conductive bodies extends between on one hand that chamber of the electrolytic cell in which the electrode charging the electrically conductive bodies is arranged, and on the other hand the treatment chamber. One portion of said conveying line outside the electrolytic cell includes a porous wall which is permeable for the electrolyte but retains electrically conductive bodies. The annular chamber formed by a surrounding outer pipe and porous wall which surrounds the conveying line communicates with the chamber containing the counter-electrode in the electrolytic cell for exchanging electrolyte.
摘要翻译：在阳极和阴极之间的电解池包括将电解槽分成两个室的隔膜。在这些腔室之一中，提供了包含导电体的悬浮液的电解质。该装置包括用于工件的处理室，其相对于阴极和阳极以无接触的方式布置。用于含有导电体的电解质的输送管线一方面延伸在其中布置有导电体的电极的电解槽的腔室，另一方面是处理室。所述输送线在电解池外部的一部分包括多孔壁，该多孔壁对于电解质是可渗透的，但保留导电体。由围绕输送线的周围的外管和多孔壁形成的环形室与电解槽中包含反电极的室连通，用于交换电解质。

9. 发明授权

US4645607A Process for reduction or oxidation of materials in water solution by passing a gas through a catalyst immersed in solution in the presence of electrically conducting bodies 失效
标题翻译：通过在存在导电体的情况下使气体通过浸入溶液中的催化剂使水溶液中的材料还原或氧化的方法
公开(公告)号：US4645607A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US768175
申请日：1985-08-22
申请人： Jiri Divisek , Leander Furst , Bertel Kastening , Harald Luft
发明人： Jiri Divisek , Leander Furst , Bertel Kastening , Harald Luft
IPC分类号： B01J8/02 , B01J16/00 , B01J19/00 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/70 , C02F1/72 , B01J8/00
CPC分类号： C02F1/725 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/70
摘要： In a process for reduction or oxidation of materials in aqueous solution byassing a reagent gas through a finely porous catalyst layer into the solution, bodies of electrically conducting material which in the aggregate have a large surface are brought into electrically conducting connection with the catalyst layer on its side facing the solution in order to increase the rate of conversion of the dissolved material. The conducting bodies are distributed in the solution at least in the region of the catalyst layer and increase the effective surface for the conversion of the dissolved material. The invention is particularly useful in connection with catalyst layers provided with an electrically conducting protective cover through which gas and solution may pass on the side of the catalyst layer facing the solution as disclosed in a related application of the same inventors Ser. No. 500,941 filed June 3, 1983.
摘要翻译：在通过将反应气体通过细孔催化剂层进入溶液的水溶液中的材料还原或氧化的方法中，在集合体中具有大表面的导电材料的主体与催化剂层导电连接在其面向溶液的一侧，以提高溶解材料的转化率。导电体至少在催化剂层的区域中分布在溶液中，并且增加用于转化溶解材料的有效表面。如同相同发明人Ser的相关申请中所公开的，本发明特别适用于设置有导电保护罩的催化剂层，气体和溶液可以在面向溶液的催化剂层侧通过。 1983年6月3日提交的第500,941号。

10. 发明授权

US4576677A Method and apparatus for regenerating an ammoniacal etching solution 失效
标题翻译：用于再生氨蚀刻溶液的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4576677A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-18
申请号：US598087
申请日：1984-04-09
申请人： Wolfgang Faul , Leander Furst , Walter Holzer , Bertel Kastening
发明人： Wolfgang Faul , Leander Furst , Walter Holzer , Bertel Kastening
IPC分类号： C23F1/46 , C23F1/00 , B44C1/22 , C03C15/00 , C03C25/06
CPC分类号： C23F1/46
摘要： Ammoniacal etching solution containing metal ions as the result of etching is withdrawn from an etching bath and while part of it goes to an electrolysis cell for removal of metal ion, the remainder goes back to the etching bath through a liquid jet pump in which it serves as the working liquid, while the pump sucks in from the electrolysis cell the anodically evolved oxygen. The thorough mixing of the oxygen into the etching solution performed by the pump results in oxidation so rapid that in many cases it becomes unnecessary to suspend catalyst particles in the electrolyte to accelerate the oxidative regeneration of the etching solution. Where use of such particles is still desired, the solution drawn from the etching bath goes through a cylindrical filter unit from which a filtrate is drawn off laterally for the electrolysis cell, while the remainder of the input goes to the jet pump. Controls are provided for using the electrolysis cell only when the metal ion concentration is above a predetermined value, for adding ammonia to the oxygen line in order to maintain a particular value of pH and for controlling the temperature of the electrolyte in the electrolysis cell in order that a desired quantity of water can be condensed from the oxygen line for use in rinsing the work pieces after they are taken out of the etching bath.
摘要翻译：作为蚀刻结果含有金属离子的氨蚀刻溶液从蚀刻浴中取出，并且其一部分进入用于去除金属离子的电解槽，其余部分通过液体喷射泵返回到蚀刻槽作为工作液体，当泵从电解槽吸入阳极放出的氧气。将氧气彻底混合到由泵执行的蚀刻溶液中导致氧化如此快速，使得在许多情况下不需要将催化剂颗粒悬浮在电解质中以加速蚀刻溶液的氧化再生。在仍然需要使用这种颗粒的情况下，从蚀刻浴中抽出的溶液通过圆柱形过滤器单元，其中滤液被横向排出用于电解池，而剩余的输入进入喷射泵。提供了仅当金属离子浓度高于预定值时才使用电解池的控制，以便为了保持特定的pH值和为了控制电解槽中的电解质的温度按顺序向氧线添加氨可以从工作片从蚀刻槽中取出所需量的水从氧气线上冷凝，以用于冲洗工件。

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