专利快速检索-快速检索全球专利，免费商用专利数据库-IPRDB

1. 发明授权

US4939157A Pyridine-N-oxides and fungicidal compositions containing same and fungical use 失效
标题翻译：含有相同和真菌用途的吡啶-N-氧化物和杀真菌组合物
公开(公告)号：US4939157A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-03
申请号：US292439
申请日：1988-12-30
申请人： Bernhard Zipperer , Ernst Buschmann , Manfred Lauer , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
发明人： Bernhard Zipperer , Ernst Buschmann , Manfred Lauer , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
IPC分类号： A01N43/40 , C07D213/89
CPC分类号： C07D213/89
摘要： Substituted pyridine-N-oxides of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl and R.sup.2 is phenyl or substituted phenyl, salts thereof which are physiologically tolerated by plants, and fungicides containing them.
摘要翻译：取代的吡啶-N-氧化物，其中R 1是烷基，R 2是苯基或取代的苯基，其盐是由植物生理上耐受的，以及含有它们的杀真菌剂。

2. 发明授权

US5192767A 3-substituted pyridines and fungicides containing them 失效
标题翻译：含有它们的3-取代吡啶类和杀真菌剂
公开(公告)号：US5192767A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-09
申请号：US617374
申请日：1990-11-26
申请人： Bernhard Zipperer , Norbert Goetz , Ernst Buschmann , Linhard Sproesser , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
发明人： Bernhard Zipperer , Norbert Goetz , Ernst Buschmann , Linhard Sproesser , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
IPC分类号： A01N43/40 , C07D213/30 , C07D213/89
CPC分类号： C07D213/30 , A01N43/40 , C07D213/89
摘要： R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, arylalkyl or aryloxyalkyl,R.sup.3 is the radical ##STR2## R.sup.4 to R.sup.8 being identical or different and each denoting hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, dialkylamino, phenyl, hydroxy or halogen, and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, or R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 together denote --CH.dbd.--CH.dbd.CH--, n is 0 or 1, salts thereof which are tolerated by plants, and fungicides containing these compounds.
摘要翻译：（I）其中R1是氢，烷基，烯基，炔基，酰基，卤代酰基，苯甲酰基或苄基; R 2是氢，烷基，环烷基，环烷基烷基，烷基环烷基，芳烷基或芳氧基烷基，R 3是相同或不同的基团，其各自表示氢，烷基，烷氧基，卤代烷基，烷氧基羰基，二烷基氨基，苯基，羟基或卤素，R 4和R 5，或R 6和R 7一起表示-CH = -CH = CH-，n为0或1，其被植物耐受的盐，和含有这些化合物的杀真菌剂。

3. 发明授权

US5175167A Hetarylalkenes, their preparation and intermediates for their preparation and their use 失效
标题翻译：营养素及其制备及其制备及其使用的中间体
公开(公告)号：US5175167A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-29
申请号：US652634
申请日：1991-02-08
申请人： Bernhard Zipperer , Manfred Lauer , Norbert Goetz , Thomas Zierke , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
发明人： Bernhard Zipperer , Manfred Lauer , Norbert Goetz , Thomas Zierke , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
IPC分类号： A01N43/40 , A01N43/54 , A01N43/58 , A01N43/60 , C07D213/30 , C07D213/50 , C07D401/06 , C07D405/06 , C07D407/06 , C07D409/06
CPC分类号： C07D213/30 , A01N43/40 , A01N43/54 , A01N43/58 , A01N43/60 , C07D213/50
摘要： Hetarylalkenes of the general formula I ##STR1## where Ar is hetaryl,A is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl or unsubstituted or monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted aryl or aralkyl, ##STR2## Z is whereR is hydrogen, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -acyl, unsubstituted or substituted benzoyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl-substituted phenylsulfonyl or a radical R.sup.1,R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or benzyland Hal is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine,and B is unsubstituted or substituted mononuclear or dinuclear aryl, aralkyl or hetaryl,and their N-oxides and addition salts, the preparation of these substances, intermediates for this purpose and the preparation thereof, fungicides containing hetarylalkenes and a corresponding method for controlling harmful fungi.
摘要翻译：其中Ar是杂芳基，A是C 1 -C 6 - 烷基，C 2 -C 6 - 烯基，C 3 -C 8 - 环烷基，C 3 -C 8 - 环烷基-C 1 -C 3 - 烷基或未被取代或单取代的通式I的芳基烯，二取代或三取代的芳基或芳烷基，其中R是氢，C 2 -C 4酰基，未取代或取代的苯甲酰基，C 1 -C 4 - 烷基磺酰基，未取代的或C 1 -C 4 - 烷基取代的苯基磺酰基或基团R 1， R1是C1-C4-烷基或未取代或取代的苯基或苄基，Hal是氟，氯，溴或碘，B是未取代或取代的单核或双核芳基，芳烷基或杂芳基及其N-氧化物和加成盐，这些物质的制备，用于该目的的中间体及其制备方法，含有杂芳基烯的杀真菌剂和用于控制有害真菌的相应方法。

4. 发明授权

US5134167A 1-Azabutadienes and fungicides containing these compounds 失效
标题翻译：含有这些化合物的1-AZABUTADIENES和杀真菌剂
公开(公告)号：US5134167A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-28
申请号：US551174
申请日：1990-07-11
申请人： Manfred Lauer , Bernhard Zipperer , Norbert Goetz , Gisela Lorenz , Eberhard Ammermann
发明人： Manfred Lauer , Bernhard Zipperer , Norbert Goetz , Gisela Lorenz , Eberhard Ammermann
IPC分类号： A01N35/10 , A01N37/16 , A01N37/50 , A01N43/40 , A01N47/06 , A01N47/34 , A01N49/00 , C07C47/20 , C07C47/225 , C07C47/232 , C07C47/24 , C07C47/277 , C07C205/44 , C07C211/48 , C07C211/52 , C07C251/12 , C07C251/16 , C07C251/32 , C07C251/40 , C07C251/52 , C07C251/64 , C07C251/66 , C07C251/68 , C07C251/78 , C07C251/80 , C07C281/10 , C07C281/14 , C07D213/48 , C07D213/53 , C07D213/55
CPC分类号： C07D213/53 , A01N35/10 , A01N37/16 , A01N47/34 , A01N49/00 , C07C205/44 , C07C251/40 , C07C251/66 , C07C251/68 , C07C251/80 , C07C281/10 , C07C47/225 , C07C47/232 , C07C47/24 , C07C47/277 , C07D213/48 , C07D213/55 , C07C2101/14
摘要： 1-Azabutadienes of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl or pyridyl, and these radicals may be substituted, or are each alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, R.sup.3 is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or a radical OR.sup.4, where R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl or an aromatic or aliphatic acyl group, or R.sup.3 is a radical NHR.sup.5, where R.sup.5 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or the carbamide group, and fungicidal agents containing these compounds.
摘要翻译：其中R 1和R 2各自为苯基，联苯基，萘基或吡啶基，并且这些基团可以被取代，或各自为未被取代或取代的烷基，R 3为取代或未取代的苯基或基团 OR4，其中R4是氢，烷基或芳族或脂族酰基，或R3是基团NHR5，其中R5是氢，取代或未取代的苯基或脲基，以及含有这些化合物的杀真菌剂。

5. 发明授权

US5162329A Derivatives of beta-picoline and crop protection agents containing them 失效
标题翻译： β-PICOLINE和作物保护剂含有它们的衍生物
公开(公告)号：US5162329A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-10
申请号：US704938
申请日：1991-05-23
申请人： Oliver Wagner , Bernhard Zipperer , Norbert Goetz , Michael Keil , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
发明人： Oliver Wagner , Bernhard Zipperer , Norbert Goetz , Michael Keil , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
IPC分类号： A01N43/40 , C07D213/26 , C07D213/30 , C07D213/48 , C07D213/50 , C07D213/53
CPC分类号： C07D213/30 , A01N43/40 , C07D213/26 , C07D213/50 , C07D213/53
摘要： .beta.-picoline derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where A is CR.sup.1 R.sup.2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of each other are hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a methylene chain,B is one of the groups CH.sub.2, CHOR.sup.3, CHalR.sup.4, C.dbd.O or C.dbd.N-O-R.sup.5, R.sup.3 being hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, acyl, phenyl, benzyl or benzoyl, where the phenyl ring is substituted or unsubstituted, R.sup.4 being hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, R.sup.5 being hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, phenyl or benzyl, the phenyl ring being substituted or unsubstituted,Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl radical,their N-oxides and plant-tolerated acid addition salts, and fungicides containing these compounds.
摘要翻译：其中A为CR 1 R 2，R 1和R 2彼此独立地为氢，烷基，烯基或炔基，或者R 1和R 2一起形成亚甲基链，B为基团CH 2，CHOR 3之一 CH 2 R 4，C = O或C = NO-R 5，R 3为氢，烷基，卤代烷基，环烷基，烯基，酰基，苯基，苄基或苯甲酰基，其中苯环为取代或未取代的，R4为氢，氟，氯，溴或碘，R 5为氢，烷基，卤代烷基，环烷基，烯基，苯基或苄基，苯环为取代或未取代的，Ar为取代或未取代的芳基，其N-氧化物和植物耐受酸加成盐，含有这些化合物的杀真菌剂。

6. 发明授权

US5122531A Vinylazoles and the use thereof for crop protection 失效
标题翻译：维生素及其作物保护的用途
公开(公告)号：US5122531A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-16
申请号：US586154
申请日：1990-09-21
申请人： Rainer Seele , Wolfgang Rohr , Bernhard Zipperer , Stefan Karbach , Lothar Rueb , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Wilhelm Rademacher , Johann Jung
发明人： Rainer Seele , Wolfgang Rohr , Bernhard Zipperer , Stefan Karbach , Lothar Rueb , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Wilhelm Rademacher , Johann Jung
IPC分类号： A01N43/50 , A01N43/653 , C07D233/56 , C07D233/60 , C07D249/08 , C07D401/06 , C07D401/14 , C07D405/06 , C07D405/14 , C07D521/00
CPC分类号： C07D231/12 , A01N43/50 , A01N43/653 , C07D233/56 , C07D249/08
摘要： Vinylazoles of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl, cycloalkyl, tetrahydropyranyl, pyridyl, naphthyl, biphenyl or phenyl, these radicals being substituted or unsubstituted, X is CH or N, and plant-tolerated acid addition salts and metal complexes thereof, and crop protection agents containing these compounds.
摘要翻译：通式I的乙烯基唑其中R 1和R 2是烷基，环烷基，四氢吡喃基，吡啶基，萘基，联苯基或苯基，这些基团是取代或未取代的，X是CH或N，以及植物耐受的酸加成盐和金属络合物和含有这些化合物的作物保护剂。

7. 发明授权

US5194441A 3-substituted pyridines 失效
标题翻译： 3-取代的吡啶
公开(公告)号：US5194441A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US633773
申请日：1990-12-21
申请人： Thomas Zierke , Bernhard Zipperer , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
发明人： Thomas Zierke , Bernhard Zipperer , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
IPC分类号： A01N43/40 , C07D213/30 , C07D213/50 , C07D405/04
CPC分类号： C07D213/30 , A01N43/40 , C07D213/50 , C07D405/04
摘要： R.sup.2 is additionally H when X+Y=--O--CH(W.sup.3 R.sup.3)--O--, --O--CH(O--W.sup.4 R.sup.4)--O-- or --O--C(W.sup.3 R.sup.3)(O--W.sup.4 R.sup.4)--O-- and W.sup.2 =direct bond,except cis-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(pryid-3-yl)-1,2-epoxypropane, trans-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(pyrid-3-yl)-1,2-epoxypropane, 1-(2,4- dichlorophenyl)-2-(pryid-3-yl)-1,2-epoxybutane and 2,4-dichloro- .alpha.[1-hydroxy-1-(pyrid-3-yl)-ethyl]-benzyl methanesulfonate,and the N-oxides and the plant-tolerated mineral acid salts and metal complexes of I.The compounds I are suitable as fungicides.
摘要翻译：图像I（X = OH; Y = -O-CHO，-O-CO-W3R3，-O-SO2-W3R3或X + Y = -O-CH（W3R3）-O - ，303CH（O3W4R4） O-，-OC（W3R3）（O-W4R4）-O-; W1-W4 =直接键，-CH2-，-CH2-CH2，-CH（CH3） - ， - CH2-，-CH2S-; R4 =未取代的或环烷基取代的C 1 -C 6 - 卤代烷基，未被取代或被1-3个烷基取代的C 3 -C 8环烷基，C 1 -C 4烷氧基-C 1 -C 4烷基，C 1 -C 4烷硫基-C 1 -C 4 - C 1 -C 3 - 烷基，C 2 -C 6 - 烯基，C 2 -C 6 - 炔基，取代或未取代的苯基或萘基，取代或未取代的具有1-3个杂原子的5-6元杂芳基;当X + Y = -O -CH（W3R 3）-O-，-O-CH（O-W 4 R 4）-O-或-OC（W 3 R 3）（O-W 4 R 4）-O-和W 2 =直接键合， - 二氯苯基）-2-（辛基-3-基）-1,2-环氧丙烷，反式-1-（2,4-二氯苯基）-2-（吡啶-3-基）-1,2-环氧丙烷，（2,4-二氯苯基）-2-（辛基-3-基）-1,2-环氧丁烷和2,4-二氯-α[1-羟基-1-（吡啶-3-基） - 乙基] - 苄基甲磺酸盐，和N-氧化物和植物耐受的无机酸盐和金属络合物我很适合作为杀菌剂。

8. 发明授权

US5051409A 2-Aminodecalin derivatives and their use 失效
标题翻译： 2-Aminodecalin衍生物及其用途
公开(公告)号：US5051409A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-24
申请号：US430585
申请日：1989-11-01
申请人： Matthias Zipplies , Bernhard Zipperer , Hubert Sauter , Norbert Goetz , Franz Roehl , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
发明人： Matthias Zipplies , Bernhard Zipperer , Hubert Sauter , Norbert Goetz , Franz Roehl , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
IPC分类号： A01N33/04 , A01N33/08 , A01N33/10 , A01N37/02 , A01N37/10 , A01N43/36 , A01N43/56 , A01N43/80 , A01N49/00 , A01N55/10 , C07C211/19 , C07C211/21 , C07C211/25 , C07C211/38 , C07C215/44 , C07C217/08 , C07C217/48 , C07C217/52 , C07C217/56 , C07C217/58 , C07C217/60 , C07C219/24 , C07C291/04 , C07C323/32 , C07D207/32 , C07D207/335 , C07D231/38 , C07D261/08 , C07D295/02 , C07D295/033 , C07F7/08
CPC分类号： C07D207/335 , A01N33/04 , A01N33/08 , A01N33/10 , A01N37/10 , A01N43/36 , A01N43/56 , A01N43/80 , A01N49/00 , C07C211/38 , C07C217/48 , C07C217/52 , C07C217/58 , C07C217/60 , C07C323/32 , C07D231/38 , C07D261/08 , C07D295/033 , C07F7/0818 , C07C2101/14 , C07C2102/26 , C07C2102/42
摘要： 2-Aminodecalin derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are H or methyl,A is H, OH, O-alkylcarbonyl, O-benzoyl or O-CH.sub.3,R.sup.4 is H, cyclopropyl, alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl,R.sup.5 is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl which is substituted or unsubstituted,cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl whic is substituted or unsubstituted, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl-alkyl, substituted 5-membered heterocyclic ring, bicycloalkyl-alkyl orR.sup.4 and R.sup.5, together with the nitrogen atom, are a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated piperidine radical,their plant-tolerated salts and N-oxides, and fungicides containing these compounds.
摘要翻译：式I的2-氨基十环素衍生物其中R1，R2和R3是H或甲基，A是H，OH，O-烷基羰基，O-苯甲酰基或O-CH3，R4是H，环丙基，烷基，烯基或炔基，R5是被取代或未取代的烷基，烯基或炔基，环烷基或环烯基是取代或未取代的，取代的苯基烷基，取代的环烷基 - 烷基，取代的5元杂环，双环烷基 - 烷基或R4和R5，一起与氮原子一起是取代或未取代的饱和或不饱和哌啶基，它们的植物耐受盐和N-氧化物以及含有这些化合物的杀真菌剂。

9. 发明授权

US5290806A 4-(4-tert-butylphenyl) cyclohexylamines, and fungicides containing same 失效
标题翻译： 4-（4-叔丁基苯基）环己胺和含有它们的杀真菌剂
公开(公告)号：US5290806A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US85255
申请日：1993-07-02
申请人： Bernhard Zipperer , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
发明人： Bernhard Zipperer , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
IPC分类号： A01N33/04 , A01N33/06 , A01N33/10 , A01N33/12 , C07C45/69 , C07C49/657 , C07C211/40 , C07C211/48 , C07C211/52 , C07C211/63 , C07C211/64 , C07C217/58 , C07C217/60 , C07C217/84 , C07C255/58 , C07C211/00 , C07C255/00
CPC分类号： C07C255/58 , A01N33/04 , A01N33/06 , A01N33/10 , A01N33/12 , C07C211/40 , C07C211/48 , C07C211/52 , C07C211/63 , C07C211/64 , C07C217/58 , C07C217/60 , C07C217/84 , C07C45/69 , C07C49/657 , C07C2101/08 , C07C2101/14 , C07C2101/18 , C07C2101/20 , C07C2102/42
摘要： 4-4(tert-butylphenyl)-cyclohexylamines and quaternary ammonium salts thereof of the formulae ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl,R.sup.2 is alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, bicycloalkyl, alkenyl, unsubstituted or mon- to trisubstituted phenyl, or unsubstituted or mono- to trisubstituted phenylalkyl,X.crclbar. is a plant-tolerated acid anion,and their plant-tolerated acid addition salts, and fungicides containing these compounds.
摘要翻译： 4-（叔丁基苯基） - 环己胺及其季铵盐，其中R1是氢，烷基或链烯基，R2是烷基，卤代烷基，羟基烷基，环烷基，烷基环烷基，双环烷基，烯基，未取代或单 - 三取代的苯基，或未取代的或单 - 三取代的苯基烷基，X（ - ）是植物耐受的酸阴离子及其植物耐受的酸加成盐和含有这些化合物的杀真菌剂。

10. 发明授权

US5112828A Pyridine compounds which are useful as fungicides 失效
标题翻译：可用作杀真菌剂的吡啶化合物
公开(公告)号：US5112828A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-12
申请号：US502401
申请日：1990-03-30
申请人： Bernhard Zipperer , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
发明人： Bernhard Zipperer , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz
IPC分类号： A01N43/10 , A01N43/40 , C07D213/30 , C07D213/89 , C07D405/06 , C07D409/06
CPC分类号： C07D213/30 , A01N43/40 , C07D213/89 , C07D405/06
摘要： Pyridines of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl or an acyl radical COR.sup.2 ; R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -haloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted aryl; A is one of the groups ##STR2## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are identical or differ and each is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, with the proviso that R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are not simultaneously methyl; R.sup.5 is one of the groups (CH.sub.2).sub.n, CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 S(O).sub.m CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 S(O).sub.m, n denoting 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and m being 0, 1 or 2; Ar is aryl which is unsubstituted or bears from one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, phenyl, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -haloalkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxyiminocarbyl, phenoxy, halophenoxy and benzyloxy, and the N-oxides and plant-tolerated acid addition salts thereof, and fungicides containing these compounds.
摘要翻译：其中R 1是氢，C 1 -C 6烷基，C 3 -C 6烯基，C 3 -C 6炔基或酰基COR 2; R2是C1-C6-烷基，C3-C6-烯基，C3-C6-炔基，C1-C6-卤代烷基或取代或未取代的芳基; A是其中R 3和R 4相同或不同且各自为C 1 -C 6 - 烷基的组之一，条件是R 3和R 4不同时为甲基; R5是（CH2）n，CH2OCH2，CH2S（O）mCH2，CH2CH2O或CH2CH2S（O）m中的一个，n表示1,2,3,4或5，m是0,1或2; Ar是未取代的芳基，或含1至5个选自C 1 -C 6 - 烷基，苯基，卤素，C 1 -C 6 - 卤代烷基，C 1 -C 6 - 烷氧基，C 1 -C 6 - 卤代烷氧基，C 1 -C 6 - 烷氧基亚氨基羰基，苯氧基，卤代苯氧基和苄氧基，及其N-氧化物和植物耐受的酸加成盐，以及含有这些化合物的杀真菌剂。

你已经成功收藏专利！

检索式保存成功!

IPRDB

热门服务

关于我们

友情链接

联系方式