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1. 发明授权

US08873135B2 Extended dynamic range optical amplifier 有权
标题翻译：扩展动态范围光放大器
公开(公告)号：US08873135B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-28
申请号：US13724610
申请日：2012-12-21
申请人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Jun Bao
发明人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Jun Bao
IPC分类号： H04B10/293 , H01S3/067 , H04B10/291 , H01S3/10 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/16 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/06758 , H01S3/0064 , H01S3/0078 , H01S3/094084 , H01S3/1003 , H01S3/1608 , H01S2301/02 , H04B10/291 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/293 , H04B2210/003
摘要： An extended dynamic range optical amplifier, a method of operation, and a line amplifier configuration include an optical amplifier that can be optimized for high or low span loss conditions by switching an internal stage in or out of an internal light path within the amplifier. The extended dynamic range optical amplifier can include a low gain mode and a high gain mode with an internal switch to switch out a gain mid-stage in a low gain mode to extend the useful dynamic range of the amplifier. Further, the extended dynamic range optical amplifier can use residual pump power from an initial stage to pump the gain mid-stage in the high gain mode. Additionally, the extended dynamic range optical amplifier includes remapping of gain in the initial stage and the gain mid-stage to optimize the amplifier noise performance based on the maximum output power of the amplifier.
摘要翻译：扩展动态范围光放大器，操作方法和线路放大器配置包括光放大器，其可以通过将放大器内部的光路中的内部级切换到内部级而对于高或低跨度损耗条件进行优化。扩展动态范围光放大器可以包括低增益模式和高增益模式，内部开关可在低增益模式下切换增益中级，以扩展放大器的有用动态范围。此外，扩展动态范围光放大器可以使用来自初级的剩余泵浦功率来在高增益模式下泵浦增益中间级。此外，扩展动态范围光放大器包括在初始阶段和增益中期阶段的增益重新映射，以根据放大器的最大输出功率优化放大器噪声性能。

2. 发明申请

US20140072306A1 OPTICAL SERVICE CHANNEL SYSTEMS AND METHODS OVER HIGH LOSS LINKS 有权
标题翻译：光通信系统和方法在高损失链路上
公开(公告)号：US20140072306A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-13
申请号：US13606975
申请日：2012-09-07
申请人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Jun Bao
发明人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Jun Bao
IPC分类号： H04J14/02 , H04B10/08
CPC分类号： H04J14/0275 , H04B10/071
摘要： Optical service channel (OSC) systems and methods over high loss links are described utilizing redundant telemetry channels. A first telemetry channel provides a low bandwidth communication channel used when Raman amplification is unavailable on a high loss link for supporting a subset of operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAM&P) communication. A second telemetry channel provides a high bandwidth communication channel for when Raman amplification is available to support full OAM&P communication. The first and second telemetry operate cooperatively ensuring nodal OAM&P communication over high loss links (e.g., 50 dB) regardless of operational status of Raman amplification.
摘要翻译：利用冗余遥测信道描述了通过高损耗链路的光服务信道（OSC）系统和方法。当用于支持操作，管理，维护和供应（OAM＆P）通信的子集的高损耗链路上拉曼放大不可用时，第一遥测通道提供低带宽通信信道。第二个遥测通道提供高带宽通信信道，用于当拉曼放大可用于支持完整的OAM＆P通信时。第一和第二遥测工作协调地确保无论拉曼放大的操作状态如何，通过高损耗链路（例如，50dB）确保节点OAM＆P通信。

3. 发明授权

US09148710B2 Raman amplifier system and method with integrated optical time domain reflectometer 有权
标题翻译：具有集成光时域反射计的拉曼放大器系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US09148710B2
公开(公告)日：2015-09-29
申请号：US13622481
申请日：2012-09-19
申请人： Jean-Luc Archambault , Jun Bao , Balakrishnan Sridhar
发明人： Jean-Luc Archambault , Jun Bao , Balakrishnan Sridhar
IPC分类号： H04B10/291 , H04Q9/00 , H04B10/071 , G01M11/00 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/30
CPC分类号： H04B10/0797 , G01M11/3109 , G01M11/3136 , G01M11/319 , H01S3/094042 , H01S3/094046 , H01S3/1312 , H01S3/302 , H04B10/071 , H04B10/0731 , H04B10/2916 , H04J14/0227 , H04Q9/00
摘要： Raman amplifier systems and methods with an integrated Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) for integrated testing functionality include an amplifier system, an OTDR and telemetry subsystem, and a method of operation. The OTDR and telemetry subsystem is configured to operate in an OTDR mode when coupled to a line in port and to operate in a telemetry mode when coupled to a line out port. The OTDR and telemetry subsystem enables on-demand fiber testing while also operating as a telemetry channel that is both a redundant optical service channel (OSC) and provides a mechanism to monitor Raman gain over time. The OTDR and telemetry subsystem minimizes cost and space by sharing major optical and electrical components between the integrated OTDR and other functions on the Raman amplifier.
摘要翻译：具有用于集成测试功能的集成光时域反射计（OTDR）的拉曼放大器系统和方法包括放大器系统，OTDR和遥测子系统以及操作方法。 OTDR和遥测子系统配置为在耦合到端口线路时以OTDR模式运行，并且在耦合到线路输出端口时以遥测模式运行。 OTDR和遥测子系统实现了按需光纤测试，同时也作为冗余光学服务通道（OSC）的遥测通道运行，并提供了一种随时间监测拉曼增益的机制。 OTDR和遥测系统通过在集成OTDR和拉曼放大器上的其他功能之间共享主要的光学和电气部件，最大限度地降低成本和空间。

4. 发明申请

US20140077971A1 RAMAN AMPLIFIER SYSTEM AND METHOD WITH INTEGRATED OPTICAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETER 有权
标题翻译：拉曼放大器系统和方法与集成光时域反射计
公开(公告)号：US20140077971A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-20
申请号：US13622481
申请日：2012-09-19
申请人： Jean-Luc Archambault , Jun Bao , Balakrishnan Sridhar
发明人： Jean-Luc Archambault , Jun Bao , Balakrishnan Sridhar
IPC分类号： G08C23/04
CPC分类号： H04B10/0797 , G01M11/3109 , G01M11/3136 , G01M11/319 , H01S3/094042 , H01S3/094046 , H01S3/1312 , H01S3/302 , H04B10/071 , H04B10/0731 , H04B10/2916 , H04J14/0227 , H04Q9/00
摘要： Raman amplifier systems and methods with an integrated Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) for integrated testing functionality include an amplifier system, an OTDR and telemetry subsystem, and a method of operation. The OTDR and telemetry subsystem is configured to operate in an OTDR mode when coupled to a line in port and to operate in a telemetry mode when coupled to a line out port. The OTDR and telemetry subsystem enables on-demand fiber testing while also operating as a telemetry channel that is both a redundant optical service channel (OSC) and provides a mechanism to monitor Raman gain over time. The OTDR and telemetry subsystem minimizes cost and space by sharing major optical and electrical components between the integrated OTDR and other functions on the Raman amplifier.
摘要翻译：具有用于集成测试功能的集成光时域反射计（OTDR）的拉曼放大器系统和方法包括放大器系统，OTDR和遥测子系统以及操作方法。 OTDR和遥测子系统配置为在耦合到端口线路时以OTDR模式运行，并且在耦合到线路输出端口时以遥测模式运行。 OTDR和遥测子系统实现了按需光纤测试，同时也作为冗余光学服务通道（OSC）的遥测通道运行，并提供了一种随时间监测拉曼增益的机制。 OTDR和遥测系统通过在集成OTDR和拉曼放大器上的其他功能之间共享主要的光学和电气部件，最大限度地降低成本和空间。

5. 发明授权

US07075711B2 Optical communication system having dynamic gain equalization 有权
标题翻译：具有动态增益均衡的光通信系统
公开(公告)号：US07075711B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-11
申请号：US10986817
申请日：2004-11-15
申请人： Charles W. Haggans , Jun Bao , Harshad Sardesai , Michael Y. Frankel , Mahir Nayfeh , Balakrishnan Sridhar , Vipul Bhatnagar
发明人： Charles W. Haggans , Jun Bao , Harshad Sardesai , Michael Y. Frankel , Mahir Nayfeh , Balakrishnan Sridhar , Vipul Bhatnagar
IPC分类号： H04B10/12 , H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/296
摘要： An optical communication device, and related method, are provided for reducing ripple in WDM systems. In particular, the optical communication device includes a dynamic gain equalization (DGE) circuit is coupled to an optical communication path carrying the WDM optical signals. The DGE circuit adjusts the powers associated with each channel on a channel-by-channel basis so that the WDM optical signal has a desired power spectrum. The DGE is controlled in response to sense signals generated by an optical performance monitoring (OPM) circuit located downstream from the DGE or substantially co-located with the DGE. The OPM monitors the WDM spectrum for optical signal power variations and outputs the sense signal when the variations fall outside a given tolerance. Typically, one DGE is associated with a group of concatenated amplifiers so that multiple DGEs are provided in a system having many groups of such amplifiers. Likewise, multiple OPMs are provided in such systems, each corresponding to a respective DGE, so that ripple can be reduced and desired WDM optical signal powers can be achieved in the WDM system.
摘要翻译：提供了一种光通信设备及相关方法，用于减少WDM系统中的纹波。特别地，光通信设备包括动态增益均衡（DGE）电路耦合到承载WDM光信号的光通信路径。 DGE电路在逐个通道的基础上调整与每个通道相关联的功率，使得WDM光信号具有所需的功率谱。响应由位于DGE下游的光学性能监视（OPM）电路产生的感测信号或与DGE基本上同一位置来控制DGE。 OPM监视WDM频谱的光信号功率变化，并在变化值超出给定公差时输出感测信号。通常，一个DGE与一组级联放大器相关联，使得在具有许多这种放大器组的系统中提供多个DGE。类似地，在这样的系统中提供多个OPM，每个对应于相应的DGE，使得纹波可以减少，并且可以在WDM系统中实现期望的WDM光信号功率。

6. 发明授权

US06900931B1 Three-stage optical amplifier having flat spectral gain 有权
标题翻译：具有平坦光谱增益的三级光放大器
公开(公告)号：US06900931B1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-31
申请号：US09677344
申请日：2000-10-02
申请人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Clark Scrandis , James E. DeGrange, Jr. , Michael G. Taylor , Jun Bao
发明人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Clark Scrandis , James E. DeGrange, Jr. , Michael G. Taylor , Jun Bao
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/10 , H04B10/17 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/2941 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/10023 , H01S2301/04
摘要： A three stage optical amplifier is disclosed having a substantially flat gain profile. The amplifier includes a variable optical attenuator coupled between second and third stages of the amplifier and a dispersion compensating element. The attenuation of the optical attenuator is adjusted in accordance with the loss across dispersion compensating element and the optical power input to the amplifier to thereby obtain a substantially flattened gain profile. An offset value can also be used to refine the variable optical attenuator control and minimize nonflatness. The first and second stages are preferably pumped to provide high gain and a low noise figure and the third stage is preferably pumped to provide a high optical conversion efficiency. In an additional example, received optical powers associated with each of the channels in a WDM system are monitored and the attenuators within each amplifier in the system are controlled so that the received powers are substantially equal.
摘要翻译：公开了具有基本平坦的增益分布的三级光放大器。放大器包括耦合在放大器的第二和第三级之间的可变光衰减器和色散补偿元件。光衰减器的衰减根据色散补偿元件的损耗和输入到放大器的光功率进行调节，从而获得基本平坦的增益曲线。偏移值也可用于细化可变光衰减器控制并最小化非平坦度。优选地，泵送第一和第二级以提供高增益和低噪声系数，并且优选地泵送第三级以提供高的光转换效率。在附加示例中，监视与WDM系统中的每个信道相关联的接收光功率，并且控制系统内每个放大器内的衰减器，使得接收功率基本上相等。

7. 发明授权

US08867912B2 Optical service channel systems and methods over high loss links 有权
标题翻译：高损耗链路的光业务通道系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08867912B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-21
申请号：US13606975
申请日：2012-09-07
申请人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Jun Bao
发明人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Jun Bao
IPC分类号： H04J14/02 , H04B10/08 , H04B17/00 , H04L12/26 , H04L12/413
CPC分类号： H04J14/0275 , H04B10/071
摘要： Optical service channel (OSC) systems and methods over high loss links are described utilizing redundant telemetry channels. A first telemetry channel provides a low bandwidth communication channel used when Raman amplification is unavailable on a high loss link for supporting a subset of operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAM&P) communication. A second telemetry channel provides a high bandwidth communication channel for when Raman amplification is available to support full OAM&P communication. The first and second telemetry operate cooperatively ensuring nodal OAM&P communication over high loss links (e.g., 50 dB) regardless of operational status of Raman amplification.
摘要翻译：利用冗余遥测信道描述了通过高损耗链路的光服务信道（OSC）系统和方法。当用于支持操作，管理，维护和供应（OAM＆P）通信的子集的高损耗链路上拉曼放大不可用时，第一遥测通道提供低带宽通信信道。第二个遥测通道提供高带宽通信信道，用于当拉曼放大可用于支持完整的OAM＆P通信时。第一和第二遥测工作协调地确保无论拉曼放大的操作状态如何，通过高损耗链路（例如，50dB）确保节点OAM＆P通信。

8. 发明授权

US06967768B1 Optical communication system having dynamic gain equalization 有权
公开(公告)号：US06967768B1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10144082
申请日：2002-05-13
申请人： Charles W. Haggans , Jun Bao , Harshad Sardesai , Michael Y. Frankel , Mahir Nayfeh , Balakrishnan Sridhar
发明人： Charles W. Haggans , Jun Bao , Harshad Sardesai , Michael Y. Frankel , Mahir Nayfeh , Balakrishnan Sridhar
摘要： An optical communication device, and related method, are provided for reducing ripple in WDM systems. In particular, the optical communication device includes a dynamic gain equalization (DGE) circuit is coupled to an optical communication path carrying the WDM optical signals. The DGE circuit adjusts the powers associated with each channel on a channel-by-channel basis so that the WDM optical signal has a desired power spectrum. The DGE is controlled in response to sense signals generated by an optical performance monitoring (OPM) circuit located downstream from the DGE or substantially co-located with the DGE. The OPM monitors the WDM spectrum for optical signal power variations and outputs the sense signal when the variations fall outside a given tolerance. Typically, one DGE is associated with a group of concatenated amplifiers so that multiple DGEs are provided in a system having many groups of such amplifiers. Likewise, multiple OPMs are provided in such systems, each corresponding to a respective DGE, so that ripple can be reduced and desired WDM optical signal powers can be achieved in the WDM system.

9. 发明授权

US06525870B1 Method and system for controlling Raman gain flatness sensitivity to pump laser wavelength variation 有权
标题翻译：用于控制拉曼增益平坦度对激光波长变化的灵敏度的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06525870B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09916075
申请日：2001-07-26
申请人： Si Hyung Cho , Jon Tsou , Jun Bao , Balakrishnan Sridhar
发明人： Si Hyung Cho , Jon Tsou , Jun Bao , Balakrishnan Sridhar
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/1312 , H01S5/0612 , H01S5/146 , H01S2301/04
摘要： An exemplary embodiment of the invention is a Raman amplifier for use in an optical communications network. The Raman amplifier includes a plurality of pump lasers and a plurality of wavelength control modules, each associated with one of the pump lasers. Each wavelength control module includes a fiber Bragg grating optically coupled to a respective one of the plurality of pump lasers. The fiber Bragg grating receives a pump laser output from one of the pump lasers and generates a wavelength control module output. A temperature sensor is in thermal contact with the fiber Bragg grating and generates a temperature signal indicative of a temperature of the fiber Bragg grating. A controller is operatively connected to the temperature sensor and generates a control signal in response to the temperature signal. A thermal regulator is in thermal contact with the fiber Bragg grating and adjusts the temperature of the fiber Bragg grating in response to the control signal. The controller adjusts the temperature of the fiber Bragg grating to reduce sensitivity of Raman gain flatness to variation in a wavelength of the pump laser output.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例性实施例是用于光通信网络的拉曼放大器。拉曼放大器包括多个泵激光器和多个波长控制模块，每个波长控制模块与泵激光器之一相关联。每个波长控制模块包括光学耦合到多个泵浦激光器中的相应一个的光纤布拉格光栅。光纤布拉格光栅从其中一个泵浦激光器接收泵浦激光输出并产生波长控制模块输出。温度传感器与光纤布拉格光栅热接触，并产生指示光纤布拉格光栅的温度的温度信号。控制器可操作地连接到温度传感器并响应于温度信号产生控制信号。热调节器与光纤布拉格光栅热接触，并根据控制信号调节光纤布拉格光栅的温度。控制器调节光纤布拉格光栅的温度，以降低拉曼增益平坦度对泵浦激光输出波长变化的灵敏度。

10. 发明授权

US07400443B1 Method and apparatus for optical amplifying device gain control with gain threshold 有权
标题翻译：具有增益阈值的光放大器件增益控制方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07400443B1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-15
申请号：US10716609
申请日：2003-11-20
申请人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Jun Bao
发明人： Balakrishnan Sridhar , Jun Bao
IPC分类号： H04B10/17
CPC分类号： H04B10/2935 , H04B10/2931
摘要： Optical amplifying method and apparatus are proposed. Constant gain amplifiers operate such that the output power of the amplifier generally tracks the input power. However, optical systems are not perfect and the input to the optical amplifier stage includes not only the desired signal, but also includes accumulated effects of the imperfections. The imperfections include losses of the fiber sections, variations in laser powers, and drifts. Thus, simple amplification not only amplifies the desired signal, but also amplifies accumulated imperfections. Such imperfections occur over time and are generally small in magnitude. By operating the amplifier such that amplification of small variations is suppressed while allowing for tracking of large input variations, amplifying the accumulated imperfections is minimized.
摘要翻译：提出了光放大方法和装置。恒定增益放大器工作，使得放大器的输出功率通常跟踪输入功率。然而，光学系统不是完美的，并且光放大器级的输入不仅包括期望的信号，而且还包括缺陷的累积效应。缺陷包括光纤段的损耗，激光功率的变化和漂移。因此，简单的放大不仅放大了期望的信号，而且放大了累积的缺陷。这种缺陷随着时间的推移而发生，并且通常在数量上是小的。通过操作放大器，使得抑制小变化的放大，同时允许跟踪大的输入变化，放大积累的缺陷被最小化。

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