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1. 发明授权

US4679866A Method for ascertaining the set-point braking moment for the various wheels of a vehicle 失效
标题翻译：确定车辆各车轮的设定点制动力矩的方法
公开(公告)号：US4679866A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US768096
申请日：1985-08-16
申请人： Anton van Zanten , Gerhard Heess , Hans P. Geering
发明人： Anton van Zanten , Gerhard Heess , Hans P. Geering
IPC分类号： B60T8/66 , B60T8/174 , B60T8/1761 , B60T8/1766 , B60T8/18 , B60T8/60 , B60T8/62 , B60T8/88
CPC分类号： B60T8/1766 , B60T8/17616
摘要： A method is described for ascertaining the set-point braking moment for the various wheels of a vehicle, in which to this end, signals dependent on the wheel speeds V.sub.Ri and the vehicle speed V.sub.F are used. The signals from which the set-point braking moments are ascertained are obtained by sending the signals corresponding to the wheel speeds and the vehicle speed through an especially embodied Kalman filter.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP84 / 00403 Sec。 371日期1985年8月16日 102（e）日期1985年8月16日PCT提交1984年12月15日PCT公布。公开号WO85 / 02590 日期：1985年6月20日。一种描述用于确定车辆的各种车轮的设定点制动力矩的方法，其中为此，使用取决于车轮速度VRi和车辆速度VF的信号。确定设定点制动力矩的信号是通过特别体现的卡尔曼滤波器发送对应于车轮速度和车速的信号来获得的。

2. 发明授权

US4715662A Method for determining an optimal slip value 失效
标题翻译：确定最佳滑移值的方法
公开(公告)号：US4715662A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-29
申请号：US768097
申请日：1985-08-16
申请人： Anton van Zanten , Gerhard Heess
发明人： Anton van Zanten , Gerhard Heess
IPC分类号： B60T8/172 , B60T8/58 , B60T8/62 , B60T8/66 , B60T8/32
CPC分类号： B60T8/58 , B60T8/172 , Y10S303/04
摘要： A method for ascertaining an optimal slip value .lambda. at at least one wheel of a vehicle, in order to be able to regulate the braking force optimally. To this end, at least the wheel speed is measured, and the vehicle speed is ascertained. By varying the braking pressure and the slip during driving, signal combinations for the wheel speed, the vehicle speed, the braking pressure and the tire/road contact force are ascertained and inserted into a given function V.sub.R (K+1). For the resultant equation system, the coefficients .alpha..sub.n can then be ascertained from which the coefficients a.sub.n of a general description of the .mu. slip curve can be ascertained. With these coefficients a.sub.n, the .mu. slip curve and its maximum, from which the optimal slip .lambda. can then be ascertained, are then clearly defined.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP84 / 00402 Sec。 371日期1985年8月16日 102（e）日期1985年8月16日PCT提交1984年12月15日PCT公布。第WO85 / 02592号公报日期：1985年6月20日。一种用于在车辆的至少一个车轮处确定最佳滑移值λ的方法，以便能够最佳地调节制动力。为此，至少测量车轮速度，确定车速。通过改变驱动时的制动压力和滑差，确定车轮速度，车速，制动压力和轮胎/道路接触力的信号组合并将其插入到给定的功能VR（K + 1）中。对于所得到的等式系统，可以确定系数αn，从中可以确定μ滑动曲线的一般描述的系数a。利用这些系数a，然后可以确定μ滑移曲线及其最大值，然后可以确定最佳滑移λ。

3. 发明授权

US4714300A Pressure modulator for anti-skid brake systems 失效
标题翻译：用于防滑制动系统的压力调节器
公开(公告)号：US4714300A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-22
申请号：US888659
申请日：1986-07-23
申请人： Gerhard Heess , Dean Karnopp , Anton van Zanten
发明人： Gerhard Heess , Dean Karnopp , Anton van Zanten
IPC分类号： B60T8/26 , B60T8/36 , B60T8/40 , B60T8/42 , B60T8/44 , B60T8/48
CPC分类号： B60T8/268 , B60T8/36 , B60T8/40 , B60T8/4208 , B60T8/447 , B60T8/4863
摘要： A pressure modulator for anti-skid systems in vehicle brake systems, including a plunger/cylinder assembly actuatable merely by supplying electrical auxiliary energy and in the form of a linear actuator is incorporated into a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure line between a master brake cylinder and at least one associated wheel brake cylinder in such a way that upon the onset of ABS functions a pump plunger is displaced by a linear motor action in such a way that fluid pressure arriving from the master brake cylinder is counteracted while the wheel brake cylinder pressure is simultaneously relieved. By appropriate design including a double check valve, ASR functions (anti-slip regulation) are also attainable, for which the pressure modulator can be mounted directly in an appropriately shaped housing recess of a brake caliper such as that of a disk brake.
摘要翻译：一种用于车辆制动系统中的防滑系统的压力调节器，包括仅通过提供电辅助能量并且以线性致动器的形式致动的柱塞/气缸组件被并入到主制动缸和在主制动缸之间的液压或气动压力管线至少一个相关联的车轮制动缸，使得在ABS功能开始时，泵柱塞通过线性电动机作用而移位，使得当主制动器缸体到达的流体压力同时在车轮制动缸压力同时被抵消放心了通过适当设计，包括双止回阀，ASR功能（防滑调节）也是可以达到的，压力调节器可以直接安装在诸如盘式制动器的制动钳的适当形状的壳体凹部中。

4. 发明授权

US4862368A Method for adjusting optimal wheel slip 失效
标题翻译：调整最佳车轮滑移的方法
公开(公告)号：US4862368A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-29
申请号：US24101
申请日：1987-02-04
申请人： Friedrich Kost , Anton Van Zanten , Gerhard Heess , Gerhard Kreisselmeier
发明人： Friedrich Kost , Anton Van Zanten , Gerhard Heess , Gerhard Kreisselmeier
IPC分类号： B60T8/1763 , B60T8/66 , B60T8/70
CPC分类号： B60T8/17636
摘要： The goal of this concept is to adjust a wheel slip value, during a controlled braking of a vehicle wheel, at which, on the one hand, the coefficient of adhesion .mu. in the longitudinal direction is near the maximum attainable value, and on the other hand, an adequate coefficient of adhesion is available in the transverse direction. This slip value is below the value at which the coefficient of adhesion in the longitudinal direction is at a maximum. While at the maximum coefficient of adhesion in the longitudinal direction the wheel slip curve .mu. (.lambda.) has a slope of zero, .mu. (.lambda.) assumes positive slopes at the slip value to be adjusted. In addition to the advantage of greater cornering forces, the concept presented offers the opportunity of purposefully limiting the yawning moments engaging the vehicle during controlled braking and thereby improving control of the vehicle.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP86 / 00334 Sec。 371日期1987年2月4日 102（e）日期1987年2月4日PCT Filed 1986年6月4日PCT公布。第WO86 / 07321号公报 1986年12月18日。该概念的目的是在车轮的受控制动期间调整车轮滑移值，一方面，纵向上的粘附系数μmu接近最大值另一方面，在横向上具有足够的粘附系数。该滑移值低于纵向粘附系数为最大值的值。尽管在纵向上的最大粘附系数下，车轮滑移曲线mu（λ）具有零倾斜度，mu（λ）假设为要调整的滑移值的正斜率。除了具有更大的转弯力的优点之外，所提供的概念提供了有目的地限制在受控制动期间接合车辆的打呵欠时刻，从而改善车辆控制的机会。

5. 发明授权

US4824187A Pressure booster and modulator 失效
标题翻译：压力增压器和调制器
公开(公告)号：US4824187A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-25
申请号：US887301
申请日：1986-07-23
申请人： Gerhard Heess , Anton Van Zanten
发明人： Gerhard Heess , Anton Van Zanten
IPC分类号： B60T8/34 , B60T8/44 , B60T13/12 , B60T13/74 , B60T8/32
CPC分类号： B60T8/441 , B60T13/12 , B60T13/745 , B60T8/34 , B60T8/447
摘要： A brake pressure booster and modulator for vehicle brake systems, in which a displaceable part is disposed in a pressure chamber that is acted upon by a master cylinder and communicates with the wheel brake cylinders, this part being in turn part of a permanent magnet, so that with increasing or decreasing pressure from the master brake cylinder, a transfer storage of potential energy takes place to a simultaneously increasing extent in one or the other direction by a magnetic operative connection with a second magnet. To effect pressure modulations when anti-skid functions are realized, the second permanent magnet is in operative magnetic communication with the first magnet and simultaneously is subjected to the movement of this second permanent magnet to open a relief pressure chamber while simultaneously closing the primary pressure chamber.
摘要翻译：一种用于车辆制动系统的制动器增压器和调节器，其中可移动部件设置在由主缸操作并与车轮制动缸连通的压力室中，该部分又是永磁体的一部分，因此随着来自主制动缸的增加或减小的压力，通过与第二磁体的磁性操作连接，在一个或另一个方向上同时增加势能的转移存储。为了在实现防滑功能时实现压力调节，第二永磁体与第一磁体操作性磁通，并且同时经受第二永磁体的运动以打开释压压力室，同时闭合主压力室。

6. 发明授权

US4709969A Brake pressure booster in vehicle brake systems 失效
标题翻译：车辆制动系统中的制动助力器
公开(公告)号：US4709969A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-01
申请号：US887302
申请日：1986-07-23
申请人： Gerhard Heess , Anton van Zanten
发明人： Gerhard Heess , Anton van Zanten
IPC分类号： B60T8/34 , B60T8/44 , B60T13/12 , B60T13/74 , B60T8/32
CPC分类号： B60T8/441 , B60T13/12 , B60T13/745 , B60T8/34 , B60T8/447 , B60T8/4863
摘要： A brake pressure booster for vehicle brake systems, which can also be used to realize anti-skid functions, including a displaceable element, in the form of a permanent magnet, disposed in a pressure chamber and acted upon indirectly by the master brake cylinder to apply pressure to a brake fluid communicating with a wheel brake cylinder. The pressure chamber is embodied such that with increasing or decreasing brake pressure of the master brake cylinder, a transfer storage of potential energy that simultaneously increases in one or the other direction takes place, whereby it becomes possible to raise or lower the pressure of the wheel brake cylinders in the manner of boosting. Furthermore, by providing an electrical exciter coil, influence can also be exerted upon the boosting action of the brake pressure booster by an additional influence upon a magnetic position in order to generate anti-skid functions.
摘要翻译：一种用于车辆制动系统的制动器增压器，其也可用于实现防静电功能，包括永磁体形式的可移动元件，其设置在压力室中并由主制动缸间接地施加与制动液压缸连通的制动液的压力。压力室被实施为使得随着主制动缸的制动压力的增加或减小，发生在一个或另一个方向上同时增加的势能的转移存储器，由此可以提高或降低车轮的压力制动缸以升压的方式。此外，通过设置励磁机线圈，也可以通过对磁性位置的附加影响对制动助力器的增压作用产生影响，以产生防滑功能。

7. 发明授权

US4266447A Apparatus and method for improving the jolt control in a motor vehicle drive system 失效
标题翻译：用于改善机动车驱动系统中的颠簸控制的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4266447A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US89465
申请日：1979-10-30
申请人： Gerhard Heess , Manfred Schwab , Walter Stroh
发明人： Gerhard Heess , Manfred Schwab , Walter Stroh
IPC分类号： F02P5/15 , B60K20/00 , B60W10/06 , B60W10/10 , B60W30/18 , F02D29/00 , F02D29/02 , F02D41/04 , F02D45/00 , F16H61/04 , F16H63/40 , B60K41/08
CPC分类号： B60W10/06 , B60W10/04 , B60W10/11 , B60W30/18 , B60W30/1819 , F16H63/502 , Y10T477/669 , Y10T477/675 , Y10T477/677 , Y10T477/6937
摘要： The initiation and end of the application of a jolt control system to the internal combustion engine during gearshift operations is matched to then-present operating conditions by determining the engine speeds at which the control is to be initiated and ended as a function of the engine speed at the start of the gearshifting. For this purpose, the initial speed is digitalized and used as an address for a storage which contains the desired values. In a second embodiment, the speed at the end of the gearshift is determined and the values read out from storage are speed increment values which are added to the speed at the start of the gearshifting and subtracted from the speed at the end of the gearshift during downshift operations, and vice versa during upshift operations, to determine the engine speeds at which the jolt control is to be initiated and terminated.
摘要翻译：在变速操作期间将爆震控制系统应用于内燃机的启动和结束通过确定作为发动机转速的函数来启动和结束控制的发动机速度与现在的操作条件相匹配在换档开始时。为此，将初始速度数字化并用作包含所需值的存储的地址。在第二实施例中，确定换档结束时的速度，并且从存储器读出的值是速度增量值，其被加到换档开始时的速度并从换挡结束时的速度中减去降档操作，反之亦然，以确定启动和终止颠簸控制的发动机转速。

8. 发明授权

US4786034A Apparatus for damping courses of movement 失效
标题翻译：用于阻尼运动过程的装置
公开(公告)号：US4786034A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-22
申请号：US11657
申请日：1987-02-05
申请人： Gerhard Heess , Dean Karnopp
发明人： Gerhard Heess , Dean Karnopp
IPC分类号： F16F9/50 , B60G17/015 , B60G17/08 , F16F9/20 , F16F9/46 , F16F5/00 , B60G17/04
CPC分类号： F16F9/46 , B60G17/0152 , F16F9/20 , B60G2500/10 , B60G2600/184 , B60G2800/012 , B60G2800/24 , B60G2800/912
摘要： In an apparatus for damping courses of movement of two bodies or masses moving at variable velocities relative to one another and in their absolute positions, in particular for damping resilient wheel suspension systems in vehicles, in which a piston dividing a cylinder into two work chambers is dampingly affected in its particular movement direction (tension stage, compression stage) by controlled hydraulic throttle valves connected in series or in parallel with one another, parallel to the throttle valves, respective check valves opening in the opposite direction are provided, wherein the connections of all the valves remote from the work chamber connections are joined together and that a separate passive and (semi-) active damping effect be initiated. The necessary bandwidth of the frequency response of the electrohydraulic valves of apparatuses of this kind can be reduced drastically as a result.
摘要翻译：在用于阻尼以相对于彼此和其绝对位置变化的速度移动的两个主体或质量块的运动过程的装置中，特别是用于阻尼车辆中的弹性轮悬挂系统，其中将气缸分成两个工作室的活塞是通过与节流阀平行的串联或并联连接的受控液压节流阀在其特定的运动方向（张紧阶段，压缩级）上受到阻尼的影响，提供了相反方向打开的相应止回阀，远离工作室连接的所有阀都连接在一起，并且启动单独的被动和（半）主动阻尼效应。因此，这种装置的电动液压阀的频率响应的必要带宽可以大大降低。

9. 发明授权

US4798991A Surface-gap spark plug for internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：内燃机表面间隙火花塞
公开(公告)号：US4798991A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-17
申请号：US55891
申请日：1987-05-07
申请人： Walter Benedikt , Gerhard Heess , Werner Herden , Karl-Hermann Friese , Helmut Reum , Jurgen Schmatz , Siegbert Schwab
发明人： Walter Benedikt , Gerhard Heess , Werner Herden , Karl-Hermann Friese , Helmut Reum , Jurgen Schmatz , Siegbert Schwab
IPC分类号： H01T13/52 , H01T13/38
CPC分类号： H01T13/52
摘要： A spark plug for internal combustion engines comprises a center electrode enclosed in an insulating body enclosed in a metal housing, and a ground electrode. The insulating body has an end portion which faces the combustion chamber. An electrical field develops, resulting in a surface spark gap between two electrodes on the surface of the insulating body at the end portion thereof. The insulating body is transversely divided into the upper portion and the lower portion, of which the lower portion facing the combustion chamber is made of a material having dielectric constant 5-50 times higher than that of the upper portion.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE86 / 00366 Sec。 371日期1987年5月7日 102（e）日期1987年5月7日PCT提交1986年9月13日PCT公布。公开号WO87 / 01877 日本1987年3月26日。内燃机火花塞包括封闭在金属外壳内的绝缘体中的中心电极和接地电极。绝缘体具有面向燃烧室的端部。电场发生，导致在绝缘体的端部的表面上的两个电极之间产生表面火花隙。绝缘体被横向地分成上部和下部，其中面向燃烧室的下部由介电常数高于上部的介电常数的5-50倍的材料制成。

10. 发明授权

US4628884A Method for Lambda control in an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：内燃机中的λ控制方法
公开(公告)号：US4628884A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-16
申请号：US813022
申请日：1985-12-24
申请人： Hans P. Geering , Gerhard Heess , Helmut Schwarz
发明人： Hans P. Geering , Gerhard Heess , Helmut Schwarz
IPC分类号： F02D41/14 , F02D41/24 , F02D41/32
CPC分类号： F02D41/2458
摘要： The invention is directed to a method for the formation of an air-fuel mixture for an internal combustion engine, including an oxygen sensor exposed to the exhaust gas and responsive to the oxygen content of the exhaust gas, a signal-processing unit processing the output signals of the oxygen sensor, and a memory store for storing a set of characteristic curves dependent on at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine, the characteristic values thereof (F.sub..lambda.) determining the amount of fuel to be metered. In this method, a time-variable perturbation (.DELTA.F.sub..+-.) is superposed on the characteristic values (F.sub..lambda.), the oxygen sensor output signals (U.sub..lambda.) are evaluated with regard to their change due to the perturbation (.DELTA.F.sub..+-.), and the characteristic values (F.sub..lambda.) are suitably corrected to achieve an optimum air-fuel ratio. In this arrangement, the modulation frequency of the characteristic values (F.sub..lambda.) is to assume as high values as possible while the modulation amplitude is to be as low as possible. This method permits a substantial increase in the limit frequency of the Lambda sensor operation cycles.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于形成用于内燃机的空气燃料混合物的方法，所述内燃机包括暴露于废气并响应于排气的氧含量的氧传感器，信号处理单元处理输出氧传感器的信号，以及存储器，用于存储取决于内燃机的至少一个操作参数的一组特性曲线，其特征值（Fλ）确定要计量的燃料量。在该方法中，时间变化扰动（DELTA F +/-）叠加在特征值（Fλ）上，氧传感器输出信号（Uλ）关于它们由于扰动（DELTA F + / - ），并且适当地校正特征值（Fλ）以实现最佳空燃比。在这种布置中，在调制幅度尽可能低的情况下，特征值（Fλ）的调制频率应尽可能高。该方法允许Lambda传感器操作周期的极限频率显着增加。

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