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1. 发明授权

US06784423B2 Characterization of individual particle atomic composition by aerosol mass spectrometry 有权
标题翻译：通过气溶胶质谱法对单个颗粒原子组成进行表征
公开(公告)号：US06784423B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-31
申请号：US10251352
申请日：2002-09-20
申请人： William David Reents, Jr. , Michael J Schabel
发明人： William David Reents, Jr. , Michael J Schabel
IPC分类号： H01J4900
CPC分类号： H01J49/161 , H01J49/40
摘要： A method for determining the shape and size of particles and their constituent elements is disclosed. Particle ions are accelerated through a mass spectrometer useful in identifying the source particle of the resulting ions. By measuring the time-varying intensity of the identified ions as they strike a detector, a plot of the intensity of the ions over time is obtained for each ionized particle. The size of each ionized particle is determined by measuring a time span corresponding to the width of the peak of this plot. If the detector is a phosphor detector, the shape of the particle may be determined by using a high-speed camera to capture cross-section images of the ion-induced light pattern at closely-spaced successive moments in time. Alternatively, the intensity of ions striking the detector along at least one lateral dimension may be detected. By combining the multiple cross section images or the multiple lateral direction intensity profiles that are thus captured, an actual image of the shape of the original particle can be obtained.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于确定颗粒及其构成元件的形状和尺寸的方法。通过可用于鉴定所得离子的源粒子的质谱仪加速粒子离子。通过测量所鉴定的离子随着检测器的时变强度，每个电离粒子获得离子强度随时间的变化图。通过测量对应于该图的峰的宽度的时间跨度来确定每个电离粒子的尺寸。如果检测器是磷光体检测器，则可以通过使用高速摄像机来确定颗粒的形状，以在紧密间隔的连续时刻捕获离子诱导的光图案的横截面图像。或者，可以检测沿着至少一个横向尺寸撞击检测器的离子的强度。通过组合由此捕获的多个横截面图像或多个横向强度分布，可以获得原始粒子的形状的实际图像。

2. 发明授权

US06297058B1 Process for determining impurities in refractory materials 有权
$Process for determining impurities in refractory materials$
标题翻译：确定耐火材料中杂质的方法
公开(公告)号：US06297058B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-02
申请号：US09231025
申请日：1999-01-14
申请人： William David Reents, Jr.
发明人： William David Reents, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01N3338
CPC分类号： G01N33/004 , G01N33/005 , G01N33/38 , Y10T436/23
摘要： A small sample of a refractory material, e.g., about 0.1 g to about 10 g, is heated to at least 1000° C., generally under a pressure of less than about 10−5 Torr. Evolved hydrogen-containing gases and/or carbon-containing gases are monitored, e.g., by mass spectrometry, and, based on the amount of the evolved gases, the concentration of hydrogen and/or carbon in the sample is calculated. It is therefore possible to accurately determine the hydrogen and carbon concentration from a small sample of a material, by a process much less burdensome than conventional techniques.
摘要翻译：耐火材料的小样品，例如约0.1g至约10g，通常在小于约10-5乇的压力下加热至至少1000℃。例如通过质谱监测含有进气的含氢气体和/或含碳气体，并且基于放出气体的量，计算样品中氢和/或碳的浓度。因此，可以通过比常规技术不那么繁重的工艺来精确地确定来自材料的小样品的氢和碳浓度。

3. 发明授权

US06748767B2 Drawing an optical fiber from a sol-gel preform treated with a non-oxygenated sulfur halide 失效
标题翻译：从用无氧卤化硫处理的溶胶 - 凝胶预制件中拉制光纤
公开(公告)号：US06748767B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-15
申请号：US09912129
申请日：2001-07-24
申请人： Mary Louise Mandich , William David Reents, Jr.
发明人： Mary Louise Mandich , William David Reents, Jr.
IPC分类号： C03B37027
CPC分类号： C03B19/12 , C03B19/1453 , C03B37/01446 , C03B37/016 , C03B2201/02 , C03B2201/12
摘要： Fiber is drawn from a preform comprising a silica body, e.g., a sol-gel derived overcladding or substrate tube. Prior to sintering, the body is treated with a gaseous mixture containing one or more non-oxygenated sulfur halides, to remove and/or reduce the size of refractory oxide particles, and/or dehydroxylate the body. Removal of metal oxide particles or reduction in their size contributes to drawing of optical fiber exhibiting desirable strength, since such particles act as initiation sites for breakage. Advantageously, the halides include sulfur chlorides, which provide desirable improvements compared to treatment by oxygenated sulfur chlorides such as thionyl chloride (SOCl2).
摘要翻译：纤维从包含二氧化硅体（例如，溶胶 - 凝胶衍生的外包层或底物管）的预制件中抽出。在烧结之前，用含有一种或多种非氧化硫化氢的气体混合物处理体，以除去和/或减少难熔氧化物颗粒的尺寸和/或使体内脱氢化。去除金属氧化物颗粒或其尺寸减小有助于拉伸具有所需强度的光纤，因为这些颗粒作为断裂的起始位置。有利地，卤化物包括与由氧化硫化物如亚硫酰氯（SOCl 2）处理相比提供期望的改进的硫化氯。

4. 发明授权

US06334338B1 Sol gel process of making a fiber preform with removal of oxide particles 失效
标题翻译：制造纤维预成型件去除氧化物颗粒的溶胶凝胶法
公开(公告)号：US06334338B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-01
申请号：US09109827
申请日：1998-07-02
申请人： Mary Louise Mandich , William David Reents, Jr.
发明人： Mary Louise Mandich , William David Reents, Jr.
IPC分类号： C03B37016
CPC分类号： C03B19/12 , C03B19/1453 , C03B37/01446 , C03B37/016 , C03B2201/02 , C03B2201/12
摘要： Fiber is drawn from a preform comprising a silica body, e.g., a sol-gel derived overcladding or substrate tube. Prior to sintering, the body is treated with a gaseous mixture containing one or more non-oxygenated sulfur halides, to remove and/or reduce the size of refractory oxide particles, and/or dehydroxylate the body. Removal of metal oxide particles or reduction in their size contributes to drawing of optical fiber exhibiting desirable strength, since such particles act as initiation sites for breakage. Advantageously, the halides include sulfur chlorides, which provide desirable improvements compared to treatment by oxygenated sulfur chlorides such as thionyl chloride (SOCl2).
摘要翻译：纤维从包含二氧化硅体（例如，溶胶 - 凝胶衍生的外包层或底物管）的预制件中抽出。在烧结之前，用含有一种或多种非氧化硫化氢的气体混合物处理体，以除去和/或减少难熔氧化物颗粒的尺寸和/或使体内脱氢化。去除金属氧化物颗粒或其尺寸减小有助于拉伸具有所需强度的光纤，因为这些颗粒作为断裂的起始位置。有利地，卤化物包括与由氧化硫化物如亚硫酰氯（SOCl 2）处理相比提供期望的改进的硫化氯。

5. 发明授权

US5977540A Laser-assisted particle analysis 失效
标题翻译：激光辅助粒子分析
公开(公告)号：US5977540A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US61462
申请日：1998-04-16
申请人： William David Reents, Jr.
发明人： William David Reents, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01N15/14 , G01N27/66 , H01J49/16 , B01D59/44
CPC分类号： H01J49/162 , G01N27/66 , G01N15/14
摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatus for analyzing the particulate contents of a sample such that a high proportion of the sample particles are analyzed without discrimination against high electronegativity and high ionization potential elements. In an exemplary embodiment, the invention comprises an apparatus for analyzing the particulate content of a sample having particulate diameters in the range of 0.001-10 microns. The apparatus comprises an evacuable chamber equipped with a chamber entrance through which a particle-laden gas stream enters. An inlet device, such as a capillary, communicates with the chamber entrance for inputting the particle-laden gas stream to the evacuable chamber. A laser is positioned to produce a focused laser beam which intersect the particle-laden gas stream at position approximately 0.1 mm from the chamber entrance. The laser beam has a power density sufficient to fragment and ionize particles entrained within the particle-laden gas stream. A detector is positioned to detect the ionized species produced by the laser. The laser beam is focused so that the beam has a cross-sectional area in the plane of intersection between the particle-laden gas stream and the laser beam that is at least as large as the cross-sectional area of the particle-laden gas stream in the plane of intersection. In one embodiment, the lens is a set of two cylindrical lenses.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于分析样品的颗粒含量的方法和装置，使得高比例的样品颗粒被分析而不区分高电负性和高电离电位元素。在一个示例性实施方案中，本发明包括用于分析颗粒直径在0.001-10微米范围内的样品的颗粒含量的装置。该装置包括装有室入口的可抽空室，载有颗粒的气流通过该入口进入。诸如毛细管的入口装置与腔室入口连通，用于将含有颗粒的气体流输送到可抽空室。激光器被定位成产生聚焦的激光束，该聚焦激光束在与腔室入口大约0.1mm的位置处相交。激光束的功率密度足以使夹带在载有颗粒的气体流中的颗粒分散和离子化。定位检测器以检测由激光产生的电离物质。激光束被聚焦，使得光束在载有颗粒的气体流和激光束之间的交叉平面中具有至少与载有颗粒的气体流的横截面积一样大的横截面积在交叉点的平面。在一个实施例中，透镜是一组两个柱面透镜。

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