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1. 发明授权

US4927612A Reduction of nitrogen- and carbon-based pollutants 失效
标题翻译：减少氮和碳的污染物
公开(公告)号：US4927612A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-22
申请号：US201546
申请日：1988-06-02
申请人： Wayne E. Bowers
发明人： Wayne E. Bowers
IPC分类号： B01D53/56
CPC分类号： B01D53/56
摘要： Disclosed is a process for reducing nitrogen oxides in an efflucent from the combustion of a carbonaceous fuel under oxygen-rich conditions which minimize the production of carbon-based pollutants. A dispersion of a solution comprising at least one additive compound selected from the group consisting of guanidine, guanidine carbonate, biguanide, guanylurea sulfate, melamine, dicyandiamide, calcium cyanamide, biuret, 1,1'-azobisformamide, methylol urea, methylol urea-urea condensation product, dimethylol urea, methyl urea, dimethyl urea, and hexamethylenetetramine is injected into an effluent at a temperature above 1300.degree. F., and preferably above 1500.degree. F. The concentration of the additive compound in solution, the temperature of the effluent at the point of injection, and the size of the droplets in the dispersion, are selected to provide a reduction in nitrogen oxides. When urea is employed in combination with hexamethylenetetramine, the effectiveness of the urea is enhanced, particularly at temperatures 1800.degree. F., and below.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在富氧条件下从含碳燃料的燃烧中减少氮氧化物的方法，其使碳基污染物的产生最小化。包含至少一种选自胍，碳酸胍，双胍，脒基硫酸酯，三聚氰胺，双氰胺，氰氨腈，缩二脲，1,1'-偶氮二甲酰胺，羟甲基脲，羟甲基脲 - 脲的添加剂化合物的溶液的分散体将缩合产物，二羟甲基脲，甲基脲，二甲基脲和六亚甲基四胺注入流出物中，温度高于1300°F，优选在1500°F以上。溶液中添加剂化合物的浓度，流出物的温度注入点和分散体中液滴的大小被选择以提供氮氧化物的还原。当尿素与六亚甲基四胺组合使用时，尿素的有效性得到提高，特别是在1800°F以下的温度下。

2. 发明授权

US4892562A Diesel fuel additives and diesel fuels containing soluble platinum group metal compounds and use in diesel engines 失效
标题翻译：柴油燃料添加剂和含有可溶性铂族金属化合物的柴油燃料，用于柴油发动机
公开(公告)号：US4892562A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-09
申请号：US897864
申请日：1986-08-19
申请人： Wayne E. Bowers , Barry N. Sprague
发明人： Wayne E. Bowers , Barry N. Sprague
IPC分类号： C07F15/00 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/16 , C10L1/18 , C10L1/22 , C10L1/30 , C10L3/00 , C10L10/02 , F02B3/06
CPC分类号： C10L1/305 , C07F15/0086 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/1814 , C10L1/301 , C10L10/02 , C10L3/003 , C10L1/1608 , C10L1/1824 , C10L1/1852 , C10L1/1855 , C10L1/1857 , C10L1/231 , F02B3/06
摘要： The invention provides diesel fuel additive compositions comprising solutions of diesel fuel-soluble platinum group metal compounds in solvents miscible in the fuel, the platinum group metal complex being present in an amount sufficient to supply from 0.01 to 1.0 parts per million of the platinum group metal when added to a predetermined amount of fuel. Fuel compositions and methods employing them are also provided.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了柴油燃料添加剂组合物，其包含柴油燃料可溶的铂族金属化合物在与燃料混合的溶剂中的溶液，铂族金属络合物的存在量足以提供0.01至1.0ppm的铂族金属当加入预定量的燃料时。还提供了使用它们的燃料组合物和方法。

3. 发明授权

US4752302A Method and composition for improving flame combustion of liquid carbonaceous fuels 失效
标题翻译：改善液体碳质燃料火焰燃烧的方法和组成
公开(公告)号：US4752302A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-21
申请号：US874506
申请日：1986-06-16
申请人： Wayne E. Bowers , Barry N. Sprague
发明人： Wayne E. Bowers , Barry N. Sprague
IPC分类号： C10L1/12
CPC分类号： C10L10/02 , C10L1/12
摘要： The present invention improves flame combustion of liquid carbonaceous fuels by the preparation and use of a fuel additive comprising a finely-divided particulate hydrated compound in stable suspension in a liquid vehicle. The median major dimension of the primary particles of hydrated compound is preferably less than 10 microns. When employed at a level of from about 200 to about 5000 parts per million, the additive can improve the efficiency of combustion and reduce particulate emissions for flame combustion of liquid carbonaceous fuels, especially residual grades of fuel oil.
摘要翻译：本发明通过制备和使用包含液体载体中稳定悬浮液中的细碎水合化合物的燃料添加剂来改善液体碳质燃料的火焰燃烧。水合化合物的初级颗粒的中等主要尺寸优选小于10微米。当使用量为约200至约5000份/百万份时，添加剂可以提高燃烧效率，并减少液体碳质燃料，特别是残余等级燃料油的火焰燃烧产生的颗粒物排放。

4. 发明授权

US5215652A Method for regenerating, replacing or treating the catalyst in a hydroprocessing reactor 失效
标题翻译：在加氢处理反应器中再生，替代或处理催化剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US5215652A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-01
申请号：US303164
申请日：1989-01-27
申请人： W. Robert Epperly , Barry N. Sprague , Danny T. Kelso , Wayne E. Bowers
发明人： W. Robert Epperly , Barry N. Sprague , Danny T. Kelso , Wayne E. Bowers
IPC分类号： B01D53/94 , B01J23/96 , B01J38/68 , C07F15/00 , C10G35/085 , C10L1/10 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/16 , C10L1/18 , C10L1/22 , C10L1/30 , C10L3/00 , C10L10/02 , C10L10/06 , F01N3/023 , F01N3/035 , F01N3/037 , F01N3/20 , F02B3/06 , F02B51/02 , F02D41/00
CPC分类号： F02B51/02 , B01J23/96 , B01J38/68 , C07F15/0033 , C07F15/006 , C07F15/0073 , C07F15/0086 , C10G35/085 , C10L1/10 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/1814 , C10L1/301 , C10L1/305 , C10L10/02 , C10L10/06 , C10L3/003 , F01N3/023 , F01N3/035 , F01N3/037 , F01N3/206 , C10L1/1608 , C10L1/1824 , C10L1/1852 , C10L1/1855 , C10L1/1857 , C10L1/2227 , C10L1/2286 , C10L1/231 , F01N2430/04 , F02B3/06 , Y02P20/584 , Y02T10/126
摘要： The invention presented involves a method for regenerating, replacing or treating the catalyst in a hydroprocessing reactor, the method comprising admixing with the feedstock, recycle stream or hydrogen stream of the reactor an additive which comprises a nonionic, organometallic platinum group metal coordination composition which is a) resistant to breakdown under ambient temperatures; b) capable of breakdown at temperatures existing in the vicinity of the catalyst; and c) does not contain a disadvantageous amount of phosphorus, arsenic, sulfur, antimony or halides.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于在加氢处理反应器中再生，替换或处理催化剂的方法，该方法包括与反应器的原料，再循环流或氢气流混合添加剂，该添加剂包含非离子的有机金属铂族金属配位组合物， a）耐环境温度下的破坏; b）能够在存在于催化剂附近的温度下分解; 和c）不含有不利量的磷，砷，硫，锑或卤化物。

5. 发明授权

US4891050A Gasoline additives and gasoline containing soluble platinum group metal compounds and use in internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：含有可溶性铂族金属化合物的汽油添加剂和汽油，用于内燃机
公开(公告)号：US4891050A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-02
申请号：US897869
申请日：1986-08-19
申请人： Wayne E. Bowers , Barry N. Sprague
发明人： Wayne E. Bowers , Barry N. Sprague
IPC分类号： C07F15/00 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/16 , C10L1/18 , C10L1/22 , C10L1/30 , C10L3/00 , C10L10/02
CPC分类号： C10L1/14 , C07F15/0086 , C10L1/1814 , C10L1/301 , C10L1/305 , C10L10/02 , C10L3/003 , C10L1/1608 , C10L1/1824 , C10L1/1852 , C10L1/1855 , C10L1/1857 , C10L1/231
摘要： The invention provides gasoline additive compositions comprising solutions of at least one fuel-soluble platinum group metal compound in a solvent miscible in the gasoline, the platinum group metal complex being present in an amount sufficient to supply from 0.01 to 1.0 parts per million of the platinum group metal when added to a predetermined amount of gasoline.Preferred solvents are oxygenated hydrocarbons such as ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and methyl tertiary butyl ether, and will preferably be employed in amounts of less than 5% of the weight of the gasoline to provide oxygen and the metal at a weight ratio of from 1,000:1 to 100,000:1. Especially preferred compounds are those of the formula:X M.sup.II R.sub.2wherein X is a cyclooctadienyl ligand; M is a platinum group metal; and R is benzyl, phenyl or nitrobenzyl.The additive compositions and fuel treated therewith improve operating efficiency of internal combustion engines in terms of increased power output per unit of fuel burned and reduce the emissions of particulates and noxious gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide. The additives provide beneficial results upon immediate use and over long periods of continuous use.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了汽油添加剂组合物，其包含至少一种可溶于燃料的铂族金属化合物在可与汽油混合的溶剂中的溶液，铂族金属络合物的存在量足以提供0.01至1.0ppm的铂当添加到预定量的汽油时，将金属组合。优选的溶剂是含氧烃如乙醇，四氢呋喃和甲基叔丁基醚，并且优选以低于汽油重量的5％的量使用以提供氧和重量比为1,000:1的金属至100,000：1。特别优选的化合物是下式的化合物：X MII R2其中X是环辛二烯基配体; M是铂族金属; R为苄基，苯基或硝基苄基。添加剂组合物和经过处理的燃料可以提高内燃机的运行效率，从而提高每单位燃料燃料的功率输出，并减少颗粒物和有毒气体如一氧化碳和一氧化氮的排放。这些添加剂在立即使用和长时间连续使用时提供有益的结果。

6. 发明授权

US4751065A Reduction of nitrogen- and carbon-based pollutants 失效
标题翻译：减少氮和碳的污染物
公开(公告)号：US4751065A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US906671
申请日：1986-09-10
申请人： Wayne E. Bowers
发明人： Wayne E. Bowers
IPC分类号： B01D53/56 , C01B21/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/56
摘要： Disclosed is a process for reducing nitrogen oxides in an effluent from the combustion of a carbonaceous fuel under oxygen-rich conditions which minimize the production of carbon-based pollutants. A dispersion of a solution comprising at least one additive compound selected from the group consisting of guanidine, guanidine carbonate, biguanide, guanylurea sulfate, melamine, dicyandiamide, calcium cyanamide, biuret, 1,1'-azobisformamide, methylol urea, methylol urea-urea condensation product, dimethylol urea, methyl urea, dimethyl urea, and hexamethylenetetramine is injected into an effluent at a temperature above 1300.degree. F., and preferably above 1500.degree. F. The concentration of the additive compound in solution, the temperature of the effluent at the point of injection, and the size of the droplets in the dispersion, are selected to provide a reduction in nitrogen oxides. When urea is employed in combination with hexamethylenetetramine, the effectiveness of the urea is enhanced, particularly at temperatures 1800.degree. F. and below.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在富含氧条件下从含碳燃料的燃烧中排出的废水中的氮氧化物的还原方法，其使碳基污染物的产生最小化。包含至少一种选自胍，碳酸胍，双胍，脒基硫酸酯，三聚氰胺，双氰胺，氰氨腈，缩二脲，1,1'-偶氮二甲酰胺，羟甲基脲，羟甲基脲 - 脲的添加剂化合物的溶液的分散体将缩合产物，二羟甲基脲，甲基脲，二甲基脲和六亚甲基四胺注入流出物中，温度高于1300°F，优选在1500°F以上。溶液中添加剂化合物的浓度，流出物的温度注入点和分散体中液滴的大小被选择以提供氮氧化物的还原。当尿素与六亚甲基四胺组合使用时，尿素的有效性得到提高，特别是在1800°F及以下的温度下。

7. 发明授权

US4163644A Suspension of coal in fuel oils 失效
标题翻译：燃料油悬浮煤
公开(公告)号：US4163644A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-07
申请号：US899799
申请日：1978-04-25
申请人： Wayne E. Bowers
发明人： Wayne E. Bowers
IPC分类号： C10L1/32
CPC分类号： C10L1/32 , Y10S516/07
摘要： Suspensions of pulverized coal in fuel oil can be stabilized by treating fuel oil with an oil soluble polyamine containing at least two amino groups (or a polyamine which is rendered oil soluble upon reaction with suitable acid), then adding with agitation the desired amount of pulverized coal to the treated fuel oil and finally stabilizing the mixture by adding an oil soluble polycarboxylic acid containing at least two carboxyl groups in an amount sufficient to stabilize the coal-fuel oil mixture.Suitable amines may be selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl 1,3 diamino propanes and higher N-alkyl amines having more than two amino groups.Suitable acids may be selected from the group consisting of polymerized fatty acids and alkenyl polycarboxylic acids.
摘要翻译：可以通过用含有至少两个氨基的油溶性多胺（或与合适的酸反应使其变得油溶性的多胺）处理燃料油来稳定燃料油中的悬浮液，然后搅拌加入所需量的粉碎的通过加入含有至少两个羧基的油溶性多元羧酸，其量足以使煤 - 油混合物稳定，从而最终稳定混合物。

8. 发明授权

US5749928A Method for reducing emissions from or increasing the utilizable energy of fuel for powering internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：减少用于为内燃机供电的燃料的排放量或增加可利用能量的方法
公开(公告)号：US5749928A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US601530
申请日：1996-02-14
申请人： W. Robert Epperly , Barry N. Sprague , Danny T. Kelso , Wayne E. Bowers
发明人： W. Robert Epperly , Barry N. Sprague , Danny T. Kelso , Wayne E. Bowers
IPC分类号： B01D53/94 , C10L1/10 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/16 , C10L1/18 , C10L1/22 , C10L1/30 , C10L3/00 , C10L10/02 , C10L10/06 , F01N3/023 , F01N3/035 , F01N3/037 , F01N3/20 , F02B3/06 , F02B51/02 , F02D41/00
CPC分类号： F02B51/02 , B01D53/944 , C10L1/10 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/1814 , C10L1/301 , C10L1/305 , C10L10/02 , C10L10/06 , C10L3/003 , F01N3/023 , F01N3/035 , F01N3/037 , F01N3/206 , B01D2255/1021 , B01D2255/906 , B01D2258/012 , C10L1/1608 , C10L1/1824 , C10L1/1852 , C10L1/1855 , C10L1/1857 , C10L1/2227 , C10L1/2286 , C10L1/231 , F01N2430/04 , F02B3/06 , Y02T10/126
摘要： The invention presented involves a method for reducing emissions from or increasing the utilizable energy of fuel for powering diesel, gasoline or gasohol internal combustion engines, the method comprising admixing with the fuel an additive which comprises a fuel-soluble, nonionic, organometallic platinum group metal coordination composition which is a) resistant to breakdown under ambient temperatures; b) does not contain a disadvantageous amount of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or halides; and c) has a partition ratio sufficient to maintain preferential solubility in the fuel.
摘要翻译：所提出的本发明涉及一种用于减少用于为柴油，汽油或汽油内燃机供电的燃料的可利用能量的排放或增加燃料的方法，所述方法包括与燃料混合添加剂，所述添加剂包括燃料可溶的非离子有机金属铂族金属协调组合物，a）耐环境温度下的破坏; b）不含不利量的磷，砷，锑或卤化物; 和c）具有足以在燃料中保持优先溶解度的分配比。

9. 发明授权

US4992249A Reduction of nitrogen- and carbon-based pollutants through the use of urea solutions 失效
标题翻译：通过使用尿素溶液来减少氮和碳的污染物
公开(公告)号：US4992249A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-12
申请号：US90417
申请日：1987-08-27
申请人： Wayne E. Bowers
发明人： Wayne E. Bowers
IPC分类号： B01D53/56 , C01B21/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/56
摘要： Disclosed is a process for reducing nitrogen oxides in an effluent from the combustion of a carbonaceous fuel under oxygen-rich conditions which minimize the production of carbon-based pollutants. A dispersion of a dilute aqueous urea solution is injected into an effluent at a temperature above 2000.degree. F., and preferably above 2100.degree. F. The concentration of the urea in solution and the size of the droplets in the dispersion are selected to provide the reduction in nitrogen oxides. The solution will preferably contain at least 80% by weight solvent and contain droplets sized within the range of from 150 to 10,000 microns.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在富含氧条件下从含碳燃料的燃烧中排出的废水中的氮氧化物的还原方法，其使碳基污染物的产生最小化。将稀释的尿素水溶液的分散体在高于2000°F，优选高于2100°F的温度下注入流出物中。选择溶液中的尿素浓度和分散体中液滴的大小，以提供还原氮氧化物。该溶液将优选含有至少80重量％的溶剂并含有尺寸在150至10,000微米范围内的液滴。

10. 发明授权

US4719092A Reduction of nitrogen-based pollutants through the use of urea solutions containing oxygenated hydrocarbon solvents 失效
标题翻译：通过使用含有氧化烃溶剂的尿素溶液来减少氮类污染物
公开(公告)号：US4719092A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-12
申请号：US784828
申请日：1985-10-04
申请人： Wayne E. Bowers
发明人： Wayne E. Bowers
IPC分类号： B01D53/56 , B01D53/34 , C01B21/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/56
摘要： Disclosed is a process for maintaining low effluent ammonia contents while reducing nitrogen oxides in an effluent from the combustion of a carbonaceous fuel under oxygen-rich conditions which minimize the production of carbon-based pollutants. An aqueous solution of urea and an oxygenated hydrocarbon is injected into an effluent at a temperature above 1600.degree. F., and preferably above 2000.degree. F. The oxygenated hydrocarbon will be employed at a level effective to reduce the levels of free ammonia in the effluent. This is important when burning fuels containing significant sulfur contents because the free ammonia tends to react with the sulfur compounds to produce solid ammonium sulfate and/or bisulfate which can decrease boiler efficiency.
摘要翻译：公开了一种维持低流出物氨含量的方法，同时在富含氧条件下燃烧碳质燃料的流出物中的氮氧化物减少，这使碳基污染物的产生最小化。将尿素和含氧烃的水溶液在高于1600°F，优选高于2000°F的温度下注入流出物中。氧化烃将以有效降低流出物中游离氨水平的水平使用。当燃烧含有显着硫含量的燃料时，这是重要的，因为游离氨倾向于与硫化合物反应产生固体硫酸铵和/或硫酸氢盐，这可降低锅炉效率。

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