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1. 发明授权

US08869006B2 Partial-maximum distance separable (PMDS) erasure correcting codes for storage arrays 有权
标题翻译：用于存储阵列的部分最大距离可分离（PMDS）擦除校正码
公开(公告)号：US08869006B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-21
申请号：US13552271
申请日：2012-07-18
申请人： Mario Blaum , James L. Hafner , Steven R. Hetzler
发明人： Mario Blaum , James L. Hafner , Steven R. Hetzler
IPC分类号： G11C29/00 , G06F11/10
CPC分类号： G06F11/1076 , G06F11/108 , G06F11/1092 , G06F2211/1057 , G06F2211/1059 , H03M13/033
摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to correcting erasures in a storage array. A read stripe is received from a plurality of n storage devices. The read stripe includes an array of entries arranged in m rows and n columns with each column corresponding to one of the storage devices. The entries include data entries and mr+s parity entries. Each row contains at least r parity entries generated from the data entries according to a partial maximum distance separable (PMDS) code. It is determined that the read stripe includes at least one erased entry, at most mr+s erased entries and that no row has more than r+s erased entries. The erased entries are reconstructed from the non-erased entries, resulting in a recovered read stripe.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例涉及校正存储阵列中的擦除。从多个n个存储设备接收读取条带。读取的条带包括以m行和n列排列的条目数组，每列对应于一个存储设备。条目包括数据条目和mr + s奇偶校验条目。每行至少包含根据部分最大距离可分离（PMDS）代码从数据条目生成的r个奇偶校验项。确定读取的条带包括至少一个被擦除的条目，至多mr + s个擦除条目，并且没有行具有多于r + s个擦除的条目。从未擦除的条目重建已擦除的条目，导致恢复的读取条带。

2. 发明申请

US20130054873A1 STORAGE SYSTEM CACHE USING FLASH MEMORY WITH DIRECT BLOCK ACCESS 有权
标题翻译：使用具有直接块访问的闪存存储系统缓存
公开(公告)号：US20130054873A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-28
申请号：US13220256
申请日：2011-08-29
申请人： Wendy A. Belluomini , Binny S. Gill , James L. Hafner , Steven R. Hetzler , Venu G. Nayar , Daniel F. Smith , Krishnakumar Rao Surugucchi
发明人： Wendy A. Belluomini , Binny S. Gill , James L. Hafner , Steven R. Hetzler , Venu G. Nayar , Daniel F. Smith , Krishnakumar Rao Surugucchi
IPC分类号： G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0866 , G06F2212/222 , G06F2212/262
摘要： Embodiments of the invention enable a storage cache, comprising flash memory devices, to have direct block access to the flash such that the physical block addresses are presented to the storage system's cache layer, which thereby controls the storage cache data stream. An aspect of the invention includes a caching storage system. The caching storage system comprises a plurality of flash memory units organized in an array configuration. Each of the plurality of flash memory units includes at least one flash memory device and a flash unit controller. Each flash unit controller provides the caching storage system with direct physical block access to its corresponding at least one flash memory device. The caching storage system further comprises a storage cache controller. The storage cache controller selects physical block address locations (within a flash memory device) to be erased where data are to be written, issues erase commands to a flash unit controller corresponding to the selected physical block address locations, and issues page write operations to a set of erase blocks.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例使得包括闪速存储器设备的存储高速缓存具有对闪存的直接块访问，使得物理块地址被呈现给存储系统的高速缓存层，从而控制存储高速缓存数据流。本发明的一个方面包括缓存存储系统。缓存存储系统包括以阵列配置组织的多个闪存单元。多个闪存单元中的每一个包括至少一个闪存设备和闪存单元控制器。每个闪存单元控制器为缓存存储系统提供对其至少一个闪存设备的直接物理块访问。高速缓存存储系统还包括存储高速缓存控制器。存储高速缓存控制器选择要写入数据的要擦除的物理块地址位置，向与所选择的物理块地址位置对应的闪存单元控制器发出擦除命令，并将页写入操作发布到一组擦除块。

3. 发明申请

US20120002895A1 BITMAP COMPRESSION FOR FAST SEARCHES AND UPDATES 有权
标题翻译： BITMAP压缩快速搜索和更新
公开(公告)号：US20120002895A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-05
申请号：US12830374
申请日：2010-07-05
申请人： Mario Blum , Alberto Núnèz Covarrubias , Steven R. Hetzler
发明人： Mario Blum , Alberto Núnèz Covarrubias , Steven R. Hetzler
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30153 , G06F17/30324 , H03M7/30
摘要： Bitmap compression for fast searches and updates is provided. Compressing a bitmap includes receiving a bitmap to compress, and reading the bitmap to determine a value of a bit location for all bits in the bitmap. In one embodiment, a compressed bitmap is created by encoding a variable number of bytes to represent a distance between adjacent 1s in the uncompressed bitmap. In another embodiment, a compressed bitmap is created by representing a distance between adjacent 1s in the uncompressed bitmap using a plurality of bits, and encoding a marker word to indicate the number of bits used to represent the distance.
摘要翻译：提供了快速搜索和更新的位图压缩。压缩位图包括接收位图以进行压缩，并读取位图以确定位图中所有位的位位置值。在一个实施例中，通过对可变数量的字节进行编码以形成未压缩位图中相邻1之间的距离来创建压缩位图。在另一个实施例中，通过使用多个比特表示未压缩位图中的相邻1之间的距离来创建压缩位图，并且对标记词进行编码以指示用于表示距离的比特数。

4. 发明授权

US07027241B2 Defect management for HDD with variable index architecture 失效
标题翻译：具有可变索引架构的HDD的缺陷管理
公开(公告)号：US07027241B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-11
申请号：US10685653
申请日：2003-10-14
申请人： Frank R. Chu , Steven R. Hetzler
发明人： Frank R. Chu , Steven R. Hetzler
IPC分类号： G11B5/09
CPC分类号： G11B20/1883 , G11B2220/20
摘要： A data stream received by a hard disk drive (HDD) is organized into at least one cluster having data blocks and spare data blocks and that is equal in size to an integer multiple of the number of sectors in a track of a disk of the HDD. A variable-index writing technique is used to write each data block of a cluster to a corresponding sector of a track that is encountered by a head when the sector is not defective. A sector of the track is skipped during writing when the sector is defective. The number of spare data blocks in a portion of a cluster corresponding to a single track is reduced by the number of sectors that are skipped in the track so that the number of data blocks plus the number of remaining spare data blocks equals the number of sectors in a track.
摘要翻译：由硬盘驱动器（HDD）接收的数据流被组织成具有数据块和备用数据块的至少一个簇，并且其大小与HDD的盘的轨道中的扇区数的整数倍相等。使用可变索引写入技术将簇的每个数据块写入当扇区没有缺陷时由头遇到的轨道的相应扇区。当扇区有缺陷时，在写入期间跳过轨道的扇区。对应于单个磁道的集群的一部分中的备用数据块的数量减少了在磁道中被跳过的扇区的数量，使得数据块的数量加上剩余的备用数据块的数量等于扇区的数量在一个轨道。

5. 发明授权

US5500848A Sector servo data recording disk having data regions without identification (ID) fields 失效
标题翻译：具有无识别（ID）字段的数据区的扇区伺服数据记录盘
公开(公告)号：US5500848A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-19
申请号：US82826
申请日：1993-06-23
申请人： John S. Best , Steven R. Hetzler
发明人： John S. Best , Steven R. Hetzler
IPC分类号： G11B20/10 , G11B20/12 , G11B20/18 , G11B27/10 , G11B27/30 , G11B5/76 , G11B5/09
CPC分类号： G11B20/1883 , G11B20/1252 , G11B27/3027 , G11B2020/1234 , G11B2020/1255 , G11B2220/20
摘要： A data recording disk file with a fixed block architecture sector format that eliminates the ID region. The servo region contains sector identification information in the form of a start-of-track indicating mark recorded in a selected sector of each track and a start-of-sector indicating mark recorded in each sector. A full track number identifier is encoded in the position field within the servo region of each sector. A look-up table is built at format time to map bad sectors out of the disk file. The table contains entries for each cluster of contiguous bad sectors, and is searched at runtime to provide conversion of logical sector location identifiers to physical sector location identifiers.
摘要翻译：具有消除ID区域的固定块体系结构扇区格式的数据记录磁盘文件。伺服区域包含记录在每个磁道的选定扇区中的轨迹开始指示标记的形式的扇区识别信息和记录在每个扇区中的扇区开始指示标记。在每个扇区的伺服区域内的位置字段中编码完整轨道号标识符。在格式化时间内建立查表，将坏扇区映射出磁盘文件。该表包含连续坏扇区的每个簇的条目，并且在运行时搜索以提供逻辑扇区位置标识符到物理扇区位置标识符的转换。

6. 发明授权

US5459853A Efficient variable-block data storage system employing a staggered fixed-block-architecture array 失效
标题翻译：高效的可变块数据存储系统采用交错的固定块架构阵列
公开(公告)号：US5459853A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US979740
申请日：1992-11-23
申请人： John S. Best , Steven R. Hetzler , Roger F. Hoyt , Jaishankar M. Menon , Michael F. Mitoma
发明人： John S. Best , Steven R. Hetzler , Roger F. Hoyt , Jaishankar M. Menon , Michael F. Mitoma
IPC分类号： G06F3/06 , G06F11/10 , G11B20/10 , G11B20/12 , G06F12/00 , G06F12/04
CPC分类号： G06F11/1076 , G06F11/1008 , G06F3/0601 , G06F2003/0697 , G11B20/1258
摘要： A method for operating a synchronized array of fixed block (FBA) formatted Direct Access Storage Devices (DASDs) to store and update variable-length (CKD) formatted records. This method is suitable for use with DASDs that obtain high recording density by using read and write head technology requiring "micro-jogging" to adjust for differing read and write head alignment or banded disk architecture having a higher block count in the outer tracks than in the inner tracks. Magneto-resistive heads may require micro-jogging to realign the write head for recording after reading the physical track location. The invention employs a DASD staggered array architecture having logical tracks consisting of diagonal-major sequences of consecutive blocks arranged in a predetermined wrap-around manner such as a topological cylinder or torus. The minimum necessary number of DASDs (N) in the staggered array is limited by the fixed block size (B), the interblock gap size (G), the average DASD data transfer rate (D), and the micro-jog delay time (T). A (N+1).sup.th DASD may be added to record the parity of each diagonal-major sequence for improved fault-tolerance.
摘要翻译：一种用于操作固定块（FBA）格式化的直接存取存储设备（DASD）的同步阵列以存储和更新可变长度（CKD）格式记录的方法。该方法适用于通过使用需要“微点动”的读写头技术来获得高记录密度的DASD，用于调整不同的读写头对准或带外磁盘结构，在外轨道中具有较高的块数，而不是内轨。在读取物理轨道位置之后，磁阻头可能需要微型点动来重新对准写入头进行记录。本发明采用具有逻辑轨迹的DASD交错阵列架构，其逻辑轨道由以诸如拓扑柱面或环面的预定绕环方式布置的连续块的对角线主序列组成。交错阵列中DASD（N）的最小必需数量受固定块大小（B），块间间隙大小（G），平均DASD数据传输速率（D）和微点动延迟时间（D） T）。可以添加A（N + 1）DASD来记录每个对角线主序列的奇偶校验，以提高容错能力。

7. 发明授权

US5440474A Magnetic recording disk with equally-spaced servo sectors extending across multiple data bands 失效
标题翻译：具有等间隔的伺服扇区的磁记录盘，跨越多个数据带
公开(公告)号：US5440474A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-08
申请号：US150939
申请日：1993-11-10
申请人： Steven R. Hetzler
发明人： Steven R. Hetzler
IPC分类号： G11B20/10 , G11B20/12 , G11B20/14 , G11B21/10 , G11B27/30 , G11B5/09 , G11B5/596
CPC分类号： G11B20/10 , G11B20/1201 , G11B20/1258 , G11B27/3027 , G11B5/59655 , G11B2020/1087 , G11B2020/10879 , G11B2020/10916 , G11B2020/1257 , G11B2020/1282 , G11B2220/20 , G11B2220/90
摘要： A magnetic recording disk has servo sectors that are generally equally spaced on a given track and read during seek, settle, and track-following operations. An algorithm is used to determine the allowable time separation between servo sectors on a track and lengths of associated data sections that may be accommodated on the disk. In such a manner, the servo sectors are equally spaced on a given track and may be located within a data field of a data sector, within an identification region, or immediately after an address indicating mark (such as an address mark or an index mark). The rate at which the servo sectors are sampled is constant and independent of the number and lengths of the data sections. As a result of this independent relationship, this technique is suitable for a banded recording disk using sectored servo. The banded magnetic recording disk with multiple radially-spaced data bands has generally equally angularly-spaced servo sectors extending across the bands to provide a constant servo sample rate independent of the data rate.
摘要翻译：磁记录盘具有伺服扇区，其通常在给定轨道上等间隔并且在寻道，定位和跟踪跟踪操作期间读取。使用算法来确定轨道上的伺服扇区和可以容纳在盘上的相关联的数据段的长度之间的允许时间间隔。以这种方式，伺服扇区在给定的轨道上相等间隔，并且可以位于数据扇区的数据字段内，在识别区域内，或紧邻地址指示标记（例如地址标记或索引标记）。伺服扇区采样的速率是恒定的，与数据段的数量和长度无关。作为这种独立关系的结果，该技术适用于使用扇区伺服的带状记录盘。具有多个径向间隔的数据带的带状磁记录盘具有大致相等的角度间隔的伺服扇区，跨越频带延伸，以提供与数据速率无关的恒定的伺服采样速率。

8. 发明申请

US20130205181A1 PARTIAL-MAXIMUM DISTANCE SEPARABLE (PMDS) ERASURE CORRECTING CODES FOR STORAGE ARRAYS 有权
标题翻译：用于存储阵列的部分最大距离分离（PMDS）擦除代码
公开(公告)号：US20130205181A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-08
申请号：US13364390
申请日：2012-02-02
申请人： Mario Blaum , James L. Hafner , Steven R. Hetzler
发明人： Mario Blaum , James L. Hafner , Steven R. Hetzler
IPC分类号： H03M13/05 , G06F11/10
CPC分类号： G06F11/1076 , G06F11/108 , G06F11/1092 , G06F2211/1057 , G06F2211/1059 , H03M13/033
摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to storing data in a storage array. An aspect of the invention includes receiving and arranging read data in array that includes m rows and n columns of entries, with each entry including at least one sector. In the array, mr+s locations are assigned to parity entries, such that each row has at least r parity entries. The parity entries correspond to a partial-maximum distance separable (PMDS) code that allows recovery from up to r erasures in each of the m rows as well as s additional erasures in any locations in the data array, where s is an integer greater than zero. The write data and the associated parity entries are written to the set of storage devices.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例涉及将数据存储在存储阵列中。本发明的一个方面包括接收和排列包括m行和n列条目的阵列中的读取数据，其中每个条目包括至少一个扇区。在阵列中，mr + s位置被分配给奇偶校验项，使得每行至少具有r个奇偶校验项。奇偶校验条目对应于部分最大距离可分离（PMDS）码，其允许从m行中的每个m行中恢复到最多的擦除以及在数据阵列中的任何位置的附加擦除，其中s是大于零。将写入数据和相关联的奇偶校验条目写入存储设备集合。

9. 发明申请

US20120221920A1 MULTIPLE ERASURE CORRECTING CODES FOR STORAGE ARRAYS 有权
标题翻译：用于存储阵列的多个擦除修正代码
公开(公告)号：US20120221920A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-30
申请号：US13036817
申请日：2011-02-28
申请人： Mario Blaum , James L. Hafner , Steven R. Hetzler , Daniel F. Smith
发明人： Mario Blaum , James L. Hafner , Steven R. Hetzler , Daniel F. Smith
IPC分类号： G11C29/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/108 , G11C2029/0411
摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to erasure correcting codes for storage arrays. An aspect of the invention includes receiving a read stripe from a plurality of storage devices. The read stripe includes a block of pages arranged in rows and columns, with each column corresponding to one of the storage devices. The pages include data pages and parity pages, with the number of parity pages at least one more than the number of rows and not a multiple of the number of rows. The method further includes reconstructing at least one erased page in response to determining that the read stripe includes the at least one erased page and that the number of erased pages is less than or equal to the number of parity pages. The reconstructing is responsive to a multiple erasure correcting code and to the block of pages. The reconstructing results in a recovered read stripe.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例涉及存储阵列的擦除校正码。本发明的一个方面包括从多个存储设备接收读取条带。读取条带包括以行和列排列的页面块，每一列对应于其中一个存储设备。这些页面包括数据页和奇偶校验页，奇偶校验页的数量至少比行数多一个，而不是行数的倍数。所述方法还包括响应于确定所述读取条带包括所述至少一个已擦除页面并且所述擦除页面的数量小于或等于所述奇偶校验页数来重构至少一个已擦除页面。重建响应于多个擦除校正码和页块。重建导致恢复的读取条带。

10. 发明申请

US20120173790A1 STORAGE SYSTEM CACHE WITH FLASH MEMORY IN A RAID CONFIGURATION 有权
标题翻译：存储系统使用闪存存储器进行RAID配置
公开(公告)号：US20120173790A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-05
申请号：US12981288
申请日：2010-12-29
申请人： STEVEN R. HETZLER , DANIEL F. SMITH
发明人： STEVEN R. HETZLER , DANIEL F. SMITH
IPC分类号： G06F12/02 , G06F12/16 , G06F12/08
CPC分类号： G06F12/0868 , G06F11/1076 , G06F2211/1009 , G06F2212/2022
摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to a storage system cache with flash memory units organized in a RAID configuration. An aspect of the invention includes a storage system comprising a storage system cache with flash memory in a RAID configuration. The storage cache comprises flash memory units organized in an array configuration. Each of the flash memory units comprises flash memory devices and a flash unit controller. Each flash unit controller manages data access and data operations for its corresponding flash memory devices. The storage system further includes an array controller, coupled to the flash memory units, and that manages data access and data operations for the flash memory units and organizes data as full array stripes. The storage system further includes a primary storage device, which is coupled to the array controller, and stores data for the storage system. The storage system further includes a storage cache controller, coupled to the array controller, and comprises a block line manager that buffers write data to be cached for a write operation until the storage cache controller has accumulated an array band, and commits write data to the array controller as full array stripes. The storage cache controller receives storage commands from at least one host system. The storage cache controller determines for a write data storage command, whether to store write data in the storage cache and/or in the primary storage device; and for a read data storage command, whether to access read data from the storage cache or from the primary storage device.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例涉及具有以RAID配置组织的闪存单元的存储系统高速缓存。本发明的一个方面包括一种存储系统，其包括具有RAID配置中的闪存的存储系统高速缓存。存储缓存包括以阵列配置组织的闪存单元。每个闪存单元包括闪存设备和闪存单元控制器。每个闪存单元控制器管理其对应的闪存设备的数据访问和数据操作。存储系统还包括耦合到闪存单元的阵列控制器，并且管理闪存单元的数据访问和数据操作，并将数据组织为完整阵列条带。存储系统还包括主存储设备，其耦合到阵列控制器，并存储用于存储系统的数据。存储系统还包括耦合到阵列控制器的存储高速缓存控制器，并且包括块线路管理器，其缓冲要被高速缓存用于写入操作的写入数据，直到存储高速缓存控制器已经累积阵列频带，并且向阵列控制器作为全阵列条纹。存储高速缓存控制器从至少一个主机系统接收存储命令。存储高速缓存控制器确定写入数据存储命令，是否将写入数据存储在存储高速缓存和/或主存储设备中; 并且对于读取数据存储命令，是否从存储高速缓存或从主存储设备访问读取数据。

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