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    • 1. 发明申请
    • Method for Detecting Critical Driving Situations of Lorries or Passenger Vehicles and Method for Avoiding Collisions
    • 检测卡车或客车关键驾驶情况的方法及避免碰撞的方法
    • US20140032094A1
    • 2014-01-30
    • US13884685
    • 2011-11-08
    • Sascha Heinrichs-BartscherChristian Stelzer
    • Sascha Heinrichs-BartscherChristian Stelzer
    • G08G1/16
    • G08G1/166B60T7/22B60T2201/02B60T2201/022B60W30/0953B60W30/0956B60W50/0097B60W2520/10B60W2520/105B60W2550/302B60W2550/308Y02T10/84
    • A method for detecting critical driving situations of motor vehicles, in particular for preventing collisions with an object in front of an own vehicle, has the following steps: detection of a current vehicle acceleration and a current vehicle velocity of an own vehicle; specification of an acceleration profile depending on driving variables of the own vehicle; assumption of a time progression of a foreseeable acceleration of the own vehicle based on its current acceleration; determination of a path profile of the own vehicle from the time progression of the foreseeable acceleration; acquisition of a current distance and a current relative velocity of an object in front of the own vehicle; calculation of the current absolute velocity of the object as well as of the absolute current acceleration of the object; assumption of a time progression of a foreseeable acceleration of the object based on its current acceleration; determination of a path profile of the object from the time progression of the foreseeable acceleration; comparison of the path profile of the own vehicle with the path profile of the object; and if the two path profiles intersect, determination of a probable collision time of the own vehicle with the object; establishment of a time before the probable collision time comparison of this time with the probable collision time determined; and if the probable collision time lies before the established time, issue of a warning to the driver of the own vehicle.
    • 一种用于检测机动车辆的关键驾驶情况的方法,特别是用于防止与本车辆前方的物体的碰撞,具有以下步骤:检测本车辆的当前车辆加速度和当前车速; 根据本车辆的驾驶变量指定加速度曲线; 基于其当前加速度,假定本车辆的可预见的加速度的时间进度; 从可预见的加速度的时间进度确定本车辆的路径轮廓; 获取当前距离和当前相对于本车辆前方的相对速度; 计算目标的当前绝对速度以及对象的绝对当前加速度; 基于其当前加速度来假定对象的可预见的加速度的时间进度; 从可预见的加速度的时间步长确定物体的路径轮廓; 将本车辆的路径轮廓与对象的路径轮廓进行比较; 并且如果两路径轮廓相交,则确定本车辆与物体的可能的碰撞时间; 建立一段时间之前可能的碰撞时间与此时间的比较确定可能的碰撞时间; 如果可能的碰撞时间在确定的时间之前,则向本车司机发出警告。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • System for influencing the speed of a motor vehicle
    • 影响机动车速度的系统
    • US07840330B2
    • 2010-11-23
    • US11132886
    • 2005-05-19
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • G06F19/00
    • B60W30/16B60K31/0008B60T2201/08B60T2201/081G01S13/723G01S2013/9321
    • System for evaluating the traffic environment of a motor vehicle and for influencing the speed of the motor vehicle in its own traffic lane, comprising an electronic control unit (ECU), which is connected to a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the desired speed of the motor vehicle, a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the yaw of the motor vehicle about its vertical axis, a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the articles situated, in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle, in front of the motor vehicle in terms of their spacing and orientation relative to the motor vehicle and which reproduces the speed relative to the speed of the system motor vehicle and/or the spacing relative to the system motor vehicle and/or the angular offset or the cross track distance relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the system motor vehicle, and a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the speed of at least one wheel of the motor vehicle, and which is connected to at least one control device, which influences the performance of the motor vehicle, in order to supply said device with output signals derived from the performance of the motor vehicle situated in front of the system motor vehicle, in which in the electronic control unit (ECU) the width of the system motor vehicle traffic lane is modified in dependence upon the distance of articles detected in the space in front of the system motor vehicle from the system motor vehicle, wherein the width in the close range and in the remote range is smaller than in the medium range.
    • 用于评估机动车辆的交通环境并影响其自身行车道中的机动车辆的速度的系统,包括电子控制单元(ECU),其连接到产生所需速度的信号特性的信号发送器 机动车辆的信号发送器,其产生机动车辆围绕其垂直轴的偏转的信号特征的信号发送器,产生位于机动车辆的行进方向上的物品的信号特征的信号发送器 在相对于机动车辆的间隔和取向方面,相对于系统机动车辆的速度和/或相对于系统机动车辆的间隔和/或角度偏移或十字形的再现速度 相对于系统机动车辆的车辆纵向轴线的轨迹距离,以及产生速度信号特性的信号发射器 的至少一个车轮,并且其连接到影响机动车辆的性能的至少一个控制装置,以便为所述装置提供从位于前方的机动车辆的性能得到的输出信号 其中在电子控制单元(ECU)中,系统机动车辆行车道的宽度根据在系统机动车辆前方的空间中检测到的物品与系统机动车辆的距离而被修改 其中,近距离和远程范围内的宽度小于中等范围。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • System for recognising the lane-change manoeuver of a motor vehicle
    • 用于识别机动车辆的车道变更操纵的系统
    • US07386385B2
    • 2008-06-10
    • US11132792
    • 2005-05-19
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • G06F165/00B60K31/04
    • B60W30/16B60W2520/14G01S13/426G01S13/931G01S2013/9321G01S2013/9325G01S2013/9346G01S2013/935G01S2013/9353G01S2013/9357G01S2013/9364G01S2013/9367G01S2013/9375
    • System for evaluating the traffic environment of a motor vehicle and for influencing the speed of the motor vehicle in its own traffic lane, comprising an electronic control unit, which is connected to a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the desired speed of the motor vehicle, a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the yaw of the motor vehicle about its vertical axis, a signal transmitter that produces a signal, which is characteristic of the articles situated, in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle, in front of the motor vehicle in terms of their spacing and orientation relative to the motor vehicle and which reproduces the speed relative to the speed of the system motor vehicle and/or the spacing relative to the system motor vehicle and/or the angular offset or the cross track distance relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the system motor vehicle, and a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the speed of at least one wheel of the motor vehicle, and which is connected to at least one control device, which influences the performance of the motor vehicle, for supplying said device with output signals derived from the performance of the motor vehicle situated in front of the system motor vehicle, whereby the electronic control unit detects a lane change of the system motor vehicle when the change of the angular offset or of the track cross distance of the target motor vehicle, upon the performance of which the performance of the system motor vehicle is to be dependent, relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the system motor vehicle is above a specific threshold value and substantially equal to the yaw of the system motor vehicle with an inverse sign.
    • 用于评估机动车辆的交通环境并影响其自身行车道中的机动车辆的速度的系统,包括电子控制单元,该电子控制单元连接到产生电机所需速度的信号特性的信号发送器 车辆,产生机动车辆绕其垂直轴的偏转的信号特征的信号发射器,产生信号的信号发射器,其是在机动车辆的行进方向上位于前方的物品的特征 在相对于机动车辆的间隔和取向方面,相对于系统机动车辆的速度和/或相对于系统机动车辆的间隔和/或角度偏移或十字形的再现速度 相对于系统机动车辆的车辆纵向轴线的轨道距离,以及产生该系统机动车辆的信号特征的信号发射器 至少一个车辆的车轮,并且其连接到影响机动车辆的性能的至少一个控制装置,用于向所述装置提供从位于前面的机动车辆的性能得到的输出信号 所述系统机动车辆,当所述系统机动车辆的性能表现时,所述电子控制单元检测到所述系统机动车辆的角度偏移或所述目标机动车辆的轨迹交叉距离的变化时的车道变化 相对于系统机动车辆的车辆纵向轴线是否依赖于高于特定阈值并且基本上等于具有逆符号的系统机动车辆的偏航。
    • 4. 发明申请
    • System for influencing the spread of a motor vehicle
    • 影响汽车传播的制度
    • US20050216170A1
    • 2005-09-29
    • US11132493
    • 2005-05-19
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • B60K31/00B60W30/14B60W30/16G01S13/42G01S13/93
    • B60W30/16B60W30/143B60W2520/14G01S13/426G01S13/931G01S2013/9321G01S2013/9325G01S2013/9346G01S2013/935G01S2013/9353G01S2013/9357G01S2013/9364G01S2013/9367G01S2013/9375
    • System for evaluating the traffic environment of a motor vehicle and for influencing the speed of the motor vehicle in its own traffic lane, comprising an electronic control unit, which is connected to a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the desired speed of the motor vehicle, a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the yaw of the motor vehicle about its vertical axis, a signal transmitter that produces a signal, which is characteristic of the articles situated, in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle, in front of the motor vehicle in terms of their spacing and orientation relative to the motor vehicle and which is the speed relative to the speed of the system motor vehicle and/or the spacing relative to the system motor vehicle and/or the angular offset or the cross track distance relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the system motor vehicle, and a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the speed of at least one wheel of the motor vehicle, and which is connected to at least one control device, which influences the performance of the motor vehicle, for supplying said device with output signals derived from the performance of the motor vehicle situated in front of the system motor vehicle, whereby in the electronic control unit a target list is stored, in which for each article a value is stored and regularly updated, which value represents the noise amplitude of the bearing angle to each of the articles that are situated in the space in front of the system motor vehicle.
    • 用于评估机动车辆的交通环境并影响其自身行车道中的机动车辆的速度的系统,包括电子控制单元,该电子控制单元连接到产生电机所需速度的信号特性的信号发送器 车辆,产生机动车辆绕其垂直轴的偏转的信号特征的信号发射器,产生信号的信号发射器,其是在机动车辆的行进方向上位于前方的物品的特征 相对于机动车辆的间隔和取向,其相对于系统机动车辆的速度和/或相对于系统机动车辆的间隔的速度和/或角度偏移或十字形 相对于系统机动车辆的车辆纵向轴线的轨道距离,以及产生a的速度的信号特性的信号发送器 至少一个车轮,并且其连接到影响机动车辆的性能的至少一个控制装置,用于向所述装置提供从位于系统前面的机动车辆的性能得到的输出信号 机动车辆,由此在电子控制单元中存储目标列表,其中对于每个物品存储和定期更新值,哪个值表示与位于该空间中的每个物品的承载角的噪声幅度 系统机动车前。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Method for detecting critical driving situations of lorries or passenger vehicles and method for avoiding collisions
    • 检测货车或乘用车关键驾驶情况的方法及避免碰撞的方法
    • US08868326B2
    • 2014-10-21
    • US13884683
    • 2011-11-08
    • Sascha Heinrichs-BartscherChristian Stelzer
    • Sascha Heinrichs-BartscherChristian Stelzer
    • G08G1/16B60W30/095B60T7/22B60W50/00
    • G08G1/166B60T7/22B60T2201/02B60T2201/022B60W30/0953B60W30/0956B60W50/0097B60W2520/10B60W2520/105B60W2550/302B60W2550/308Y02T10/84
    • A method for detecting critical driving situations of motor vehicles, in particular for preventing collisions with an object in front of an own vehicle, has the following steps: detection of a current vehicle acceleration and a current vehicle velocity of an own vehicle; specification of an acceleration profile depending on driving variables of the own vehicle; assumption of a time progression of a foreseeable acceleration of the own vehicle based on its current acceleration; determination of a path profile of the own vehicle from the time progression of the foreseeable acceleration; acquisition of a current distance and a current relative velocity of an object in front of the own vehicle; calculation of the current absolute velocity of the object as well as of the absolute current acceleration of the object; assumption of a time progression of a foreseeable acceleration of the object based on its current acceleration; determination of a path profile of the object from the time progression of the foreseeable acceleration; comparison of the path profile of the own vehicle with the path profile of the object; and if the two path profiles intersect, determination of a probable collision time of the own vehicle with the object; establishment of a time before the probable collision time comparison of this time with the probable collision time determined; and if the probable collision time lies before the established time, issue of a warning to the driver of the own vehicle.
    • 一种用于检测机动车辆的关键驾驶情况的方法,特别是用于防止与本车辆前方的物体的碰撞,具有以下步骤:检测本车辆的当前车辆加速度和当前车速; 根据本车辆的驾驶变量指定加速度曲线; 基于其当前加速度,假定本车辆的可预见的加速度的时间进度; 从可预见的加速度的时间进度确定本车辆的路径轮廓; 获取当前距离和当前相对于本车辆前方的相对速度; 计算目标的当前绝对速度以及对象的绝对当前加速度; 基于其当前加速度来假定对象的可预见的加速度的时间进度; 从可预见的加速度的时间步长确定物体的路径轮廓; 将本车辆的路径轮廓与对象的路径轮廓进行比较; 并且如果两路径轮廓相交,则确定本车辆与物体的可能的碰撞时间; 建立一段时间之前可能的碰撞时间与此时间的比较确定可能的碰撞时间; 如果可能的碰撞时间在确定的时间之前,则向本车司机发出警告。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • System for influencing the speed of a motor vehicle
    • 影响机动车速度的系统
    • US07212907B2
    • 2007-05-01
    • US11132790
    • 2005-05-19
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • B60T7/12
    • B60W30/16B60K31/0008B60T2201/08B60T2201/081B60W2550/304G01S13/723G01S2013/9321
    • System for the evaluation of the driving environment of a vehicle and for influencing the speed of the vehicle in its own lane, with an electronic control unit that is connected to a signal generator generating a signal characteristic of the desired speed of the vehicle, to a signal generator generating a signal characteristic of the turning rate of the vehicle about its vertical axis, to a signal generator that generates for objects located in the space in front of the vehicle and in the direction of travel of the vehicle a characteristic signal with respect to their distance and orientation relative to the vehicle, said signal being the speed relative to the speed of the driver's vehicle and/or the distance relative to the driver's vehicle and/or the angular displacement or the lateral deviation relative to the longitudinal axis of the driver's vehicle, and to a signal generator that generates a signal characteristic of the speed of at least one wheel of the vehicle, and that is connected to at least one control device having an influence on the driving behaviour of the vehicle, in order to feed to said control device output signals that are derived from the driving behaviour of the vehicle located in front of the driver's vehicle, in which in order to define the mid line of the driver's lane in the space detected in front of the driver's vehicle the radius of curvature R of the path curve of the centre of gravity of the driver's vehicle is modified in the electronic control unit on the basis of the change of angular bearing of the objects driving in front, and/or on the absolute position of the objects driving in front relative to an instantaneously predicted lane.
    • 用于评估车辆的驾驶环境并影响车辆在其车道中的速度的系统,其中电子控制单元连接到产生车辆期望速度的特征信号的信号发生器的电子控制单元, 信号发生器产生车辆围绕其垂直轴的转向速度的信号特征,生成对于位于车辆前方的空间中的物体和相对于车辆的行进方向的物体的信号发生器 其相对于车辆的距离和取向,所述信号是相对于驾驶员车辆速度和/或相对于驾驶员车辆的距离的速度和/或相对于驾驶员的车辆的纵向轴线的角位移或横向偏离 车辆,以及信号发生器,其生成车辆的至少一个车轮的速度的信号特征,并且是conn 对至少一个对车辆的驾驶行为具有影响的控制装置,以便向所述控制装置馈送根据位于驾驶员车辆前方的车辆的驾驶行为导出的输出信号,其中按顺序 为了在驾驶员车辆前方检测到的空间中确定驾驶者车道的中线,驾驶员车辆的重心的路径曲线的曲率半径R在电子控制单元的基础上被修改 在前方驾驶的物体的角度轴承和/或在相对于瞬时预测的车道前方驱动的物体的绝对位置。
    • 8. 发明申请
    • System for influencing the speed of a motor vehicle
    • 影响机动车速度的系统
    • US20050240330A1
    • 2005-10-27
    • US11132886
    • 2005-05-19
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • B60K31/00G01S13/72G01S13/93G05D1/00
    • B60W30/16B60K31/0008B60T2201/08B60T2201/081G01S13/723G01S2013/9321
    • System for evaluating the traffic environment of a motor vehicle and for influencing the speed of the motor vehicle in its own traffic lane, comprising an electronic control unit (ECU), which is connected to a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the desired speed of the motor vehicle, a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the yaw of the motor vehicle about its vertical axis, a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the articles situated, in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle, in front of the motor vehicle in terms of their spacing and orientation relative to the motor vehicle and which reproduces the speed relative to the speed of the system motor vehicle and/or the spacing relative to the system motor vehicle and/or the angular offset or the cross track distance relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the system motor vehicle, and a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the speed of at least one wheel of the motor vehicle, and which is connected to at least one control device, which influences the performance of the motor vehicle, in order to supply said device with output signals derived from the performance of the motor vehicle situated in front of the system motor vehicle, in which in the electronic control unit (ECU) the width of the system motor vehicle traffic lane is modified in dependence upon the distance of articles detected in the space in front of the system motor vehicle from the system motor vehicle, wherein the width in the close range and in the remote range is smaller than in the medium range.
    • 用于评估机动车辆的交通环境并影响其自己行车道中的机动车辆的速度的系统,包括电子控制单元(ECU),其连接到产生所需速度的信号特性的信号发送器 机动车辆的信号发送器,其产生机动车辆围绕其垂直轴的偏转的信号特征的信号发送器,产生位于机动车辆的行进方向上的物品的信号特征的信号发送器 在相对于机动车辆的间隔和取向方面,相对于系统机动车辆的速度和/或相对于系统机动车辆的间隔和/或角度偏移或十字形的再现速度 相对于系统机动车辆的车辆纵向轴线的轨迹距离,以及产生速度信号特性的信号发射器 的至少一个车轮,并且其连接到影响机动车辆的性能的至少一个控制装置,以便为所述装置提供从位于前方的机动车辆的性能得到的输出信号 其中在电子控制单元(ECU)中,系统机动车辆行车道的宽度根据在系统机动车辆前方的空间中检测到的物品与系统机动车辆的距离而被修改 其中,近距离和远程范围内的宽度小于中等范围。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • System for influencing the speed of a motor vehicle
    • 影响机动车速度的系统
    • US20050216180A1
    • 2005-09-29
    • US11132910
    • 2005-05-19
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • B60K31/00B60W30/16B60W40/04G06F7/00G08G1/16
    • G08G1/161B60K31/0008B60K31/0066B60W30/16B60W40/04B60W2520/14
    • System for evaluating the traffic environment of a motor vehicle and for influencing the speed of the motor vehicle in its own traffic lane, comprising an electronic control unit, which is connected to a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the desired speed of the motor vehicle, a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the yaw of the motor vehicle about its vertical axis, a signal transmitter that produces a signal, which is characteristic of the articles situated, in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle, in front of the motor vehicle in terms of their spacing and orientation relative to the motor vehicle and which is the speed relative to the speed of the system motor vehicle and/or the spacing relative to the system motor vehicle and/or the angular offset or the cross track distance relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the system motor vehicle, and a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the speed of at least one wheel of the motor vehicle, and which is connected to at least one control device, which influences the performance of the motor vehicle, for supplying said device with output signals derived from the performance of the motor vehicle situated in front of the system motor vehicle, whereby in the electronic control unit a quantity that bears a relationship to the curvature of the traffic lane of the system motor vehicle is supplied as an input signal in parallel to a plurality of timing elements, which have different time constants, and the output signals of the timing elements and the input signal are compared with one another.
    • 用于评估机动车辆的交通环境并影响其自身行车道中的机动车辆的速度的系统,包括电子控制单元,该电子控制单元连接到产生电机所需速度的信号特性的信号发送器 车辆,产生机动车辆绕其垂直轴的偏转的信号特征的信号发射器,产生信号的信号发射器,其是在机动车辆的行进方向上位于前方的物品的特征 相对于机动车辆的间隔和取向,其相对于系统机动车辆的速度和/或相对于系统机动车辆的间隔的速度和/或角度偏移或十字形 相对于系统机动车辆的车辆纵向轴线的轨道距离,以及产生a的速度的信号特性的信号发送器 至少一个车轮,并且其连接到影响机动车辆的性能的至少一个控制装置,用于向所述装置提供从位于系统前面的机动车辆的性能得到的输出信号 由此,在电子控制单元中,与具有不同时间常数的多个定时元件并行地输入与系统机动车辆的行车道的曲率关系的量作为输入信号, 将定时元件和输入信号的输出信号彼此进行比较。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • System for recognising the lane-change manoeuver of a motor vehicle
    • 用于识别机动车辆的车道变更操纵的系统
    • US20050216171A1
    • 2005-09-29
    • US11132792
    • 2005-05-19
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • Sascha Heinrichs-Bartscher
    • B60K31/00B60W30/16G01S13/42G01S13/93
    • B60W30/16B60W2520/14G01S13/426G01S13/931G01S2013/9321G01S2013/9325G01S2013/9346G01S2013/935G01S2013/9353G01S2013/9357G01S2013/9364G01S2013/9367G01S2013/9375
    • System for evaluating the traffic environment of a motor vehicle and for influencing the speed of the motor vehicle in its own traffic lane, comprising an electronic control unit, which is connected to a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the desired speed of the motor vehicle, a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the yaw of the motor vehicle about its vertical axis, a signal transmitter that produces a signal, which is characteristic of the articles situated, in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle, in front of the motor vehicle in terms of their spacing and orientation relative to the motor vehicle and which reproduces the speed relative to the speed of the system motor vehicle and/or the spacing relative to the system motor vehicle and/or the angular offset or the cross track distance relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the system motor vehicle, and a signal transmitter that produces a signal characteristic of the speed of at least one wheel of the motor vehicle, and which is connected to at least one control device, which influences the performance of the motor vehicle, for supplying said device with output signals derived from the performance of the motor vehicle situated in front of the system motor vehicle, whereby the electronic control unit detects a lane change of the system motor vehicle when the change of the angular offset or of the track cross distance of the target motor vehicle, upon the performance of which the performance of the system motor vehicle is to be dependent, relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the system motor vehicle is above a specific threshold value and substantially equal to the yaw of the system motor vehicle with an inverse sign.
    • 用于评估机动车辆的交通环境并影响其自身行车道中的机动车辆的速度的系统,包括电子控制单元,该电子控制单元连接到产生电机所需速度的信号特性的信号发送器 车辆,产生机动车辆绕其垂直轴的偏转的信号特征的信号发射器,产生信号的信号发射器,其是在机动车辆的行进方向上位于前方的物品的特征 在相对于机动车辆的间隔和取向方面,相对于系统机动车辆的速度和/或相对于系统机动车辆的间隔和/或角度偏移或十字形的再现速度 相对于系统机动车辆的车辆纵向轴线的轨道距离,以及产生该系统机动车辆的信号特征的信号发射器 至少一个车辆的车轮,并且其连接到影响机动车辆的性能的至少一个控制装置,用于向所述装置提供从位于前面的机动车辆的性能得到的输出信号 所述系统机动车辆,当所述系统机动车辆的性能表现时,所述电子控制单元检测到所述系统机动车辆的角度偏移或所述目标机动车辆的轨迹交叉距离的变化时的车道变化 相对于系统机动车辆的车辆纵向轴线是否依赖于高于特定阈值并且基本上等于具有逆符号的系统机动车辆的偏航。