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1. 发明授权

US4371873A Clutter free synthetic aperture radar correlator 失效
标题翻译：杂波自由合成孔径雷达相关器
公开(公告)号：US4371873A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-01
申请号：US858767
申请日：1977-12-08
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Atul Jain
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Atul Jain
IPC分类号： G01S13/90 , G01S13/89
CPC分类号： G01S13/9005
摘要： A synthetic aperture radar correlation system including a moving diffuser located at the image plane of a radar processor. The output of the moving diffuser is supplied to a lens whose impulse response is at least as wide as that of the overall processing system. A significant reduction in clutter results.
摘要翻译：一种合成孔径雷达相关系统，其包括位于雷达处理器的图像平面处的移动扩散器。移动漫射器的输出被提供给其脉冲响应至少与整个处理系统的脉冲响应一样宽的透镜。混乱结果显着减少。

2. 发明授权

US4320397A Echo tracker/range finder for radars and sonars 失效
标题翻译：回波跟踪器/雷达和声纳测距仪
公开(公告)号：US4320397A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-16
申请号：US53572
申请日：1979-06-29
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Nick J. Constantinides
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Nick J. Constantinides
IPC分类号： G01S13/12 , G01S13/88
CPC分类号： G01S13/12 , G01S13/882
摘要： An echo tracker/range finder or altimeter in which the pulse repetition frequency (PFR) of a predetermined plurality of transmitted pulses is adjusted so that echo pulses received from a reflecting object are positioned between transmitted pulses and divide their interpulse time interval into two time intervals having a predetermined ratio with respect to each other. The thus-adjusted PRF is related to the range of the reflecting object. More specifically, the invention provides a means whereby the arrival time of a plurality of echo pulses is defined as the time at which a composite echo pulse formed of a sum of the individual echo pulses has the highest amplitude. This arrival time is determined by dividing an interpulse time interval between adjacent transmitted pulses into a predetermined plurality of corresponding time increments. The sum of a plurality of echo pulse portions occurring within each corresponding time increment defines the composite echo pulses, the time increment containing the highest sum defining the arrival time for the plurality of echo pulses. Having determined the arrival time with respect to the interpulse time period, the transmitted PRF is automatically adjusted so that the arrival time divides the interpulse time interval in accordance with a predetermined ratio, this PRF then being related to the range or altitude of the reflecting object. The invention is applicable to radar systems, sonar systems, or any other kind of system in which pulses are transmitted and echoes received therefrom.
摘要翻译：回波跟踪器/测距仪或高度计，其中调整预定多个发射脉冲的脉冲重复频率（PFR），使得从反射对象接收的回波脉冲位于发射脉冲之间并将其脉冲间隔划分成两个时间间隔具有相对于彼此的预定比率。这样调整的PRF与反射物体的范围有关。更具体地，本发明提供了一种装置，其中多个回波脉冲的到达时间被定义为由各个回波脉冲之和形成的复合回波脉冲具有最高幅度的时间。该到达时间通过将相邻发送脉冲之间的脉冲间隔间隔除以预定的多个对应的时间增量来确定。在每个对应的时间增量内发生的多个回波脉冲部分的总和定义了复合回波脉冲，该时间增量包含定义多个回波脉冲的到达时间的最高和。确定相对于脉冲间时间的到达时间后，发送的PRF被自动调整，使得到达时间根据预定比例除以脉冲间隔时间，该PRF然后与反射对象的范围或高度相关。本发明适用于雷达系统，声纳系统或其中传送脉冲并从其接收的回波的任何其他类型的系统。

3. 发明授权

US4316035A Preparation of perfluorinated 1,2,4-oxadiazoles 失效
标题翻译：全氟化1,2,4-恶二唑的制备
公开(公告)号：US4316035A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-16
申请号：US163838
申请日：1980-06-27
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Reinhold H. Kratzer , Kazimiera J. L. Paciorek , Thomas I. Ito , Robert W. Rosser
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Reinhold H. Kratzer , Kazimiera J. L. Paciorek , Thomas I. Ito , Robert W. Rosser
IPC分类号： C07C259/14 , C07D271/06 , C08G73/08 , C08G73/06
CPC分类号： C07D271/06 , C07C259/14 , C08G73/08
摘要： Fluorinated alkyl or alkylether 1,2,4-oxadiazole compounds are prepared by cyclizing the corresponding alkyl or alkylether imidoylamidoximes in vacuo or in an inert atmosphere at a temperature within the range of 40.degree. to 100.degree. C. for a period of 8 to 144 hours in the presence of an acid compound which can accept ammonia to form a salt. The imidoylamidoximes usable in this process may be either polymeric or nonpolymeric. The products, when polymeric, have excellent heat, chemical and solvent resistance.
摘要翻译：氟化烷基或烷基醚1,2,4-恶二唑化合物是通过在40℃至100℃的温度范围内在真空中或在惰性气氛中环化相应的烷基或烷基醚亚胺酰氨基肟来制备的，时间为8至144 在可以接受氨形成盐的酸性化合物的存在下进行。在该方法中可用的亚氨基酰氨基偶氮可以是聚合的或非聚合的。该产品在聚合时具有优异的耐热性，耐化学性和耐溶剂性。

4. 发明授权

US4311870A Efficiency of silicon solar cells containing chromium 失效
标题翻译：含硅的硅太阳能电池的效率
公开(公告)号：US4311870A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-19
申请号：US185867
申请日：1980-09-11
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Amal M. Salama
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Amal M. Salama
IPC分类号： H01L31/18 , H01L31/06
CPC分类号： H01L31/1864 , Y02E10/50 , Y02P70/521 , Y10S136/29 , Y10S438/94
摘要： Efficiency of silicon solar cells containing about 10.sup.15 atoms/cm.sup.3 of chromium is improved about 26% by thermal annealing of the silicon wafer at a temperature of 200.degree. C. to form chromium precipitates having a diameter of less than 1 Angstrom. Further improvement in efficiency is achieved by scribing laser lines onto the back surface of the wafer at a spacing of at least 0.5 mm and at a depth of less than 13 micrometers to preferentially precipitate chromium near the back surface and away from the junction region of the device. This provides an economical way to improve the deleterious effects of chromium, one of the impurities present in metallurgical grade silicon material.
摘要翻译：通过在200℃的温度下对硅晶片进行热退火，含有约1015原子/ cm3铬的硅太阳能电池的效率提高了约26％，以形成直径小于1埃的铬沉淀物。通过以至少0.5mm的间隔和小于13微米的深度将激光线划线到晶片的背表面上以优先地将铬附着在背面附近并远离其中的结的区域来实现效率的进一步提高设备。这提供了一种经济的方式来改善冶金级硅材料中存在的杂质之一铬的有害影响。

5. 发明授权

US4310132A Fuselage structure using advanced technology fiber reinforced composites 失效
标题翻译：机身结构采用先进技术的纤维增强复合材料
公开(公告)号：US4310132A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-12
申请号：US878540
申请日：1978-02-16
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Robert K. Robinson , Harry M. Tomlinson
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Robert K. Robinson , Harry M. Tomlinson
IPC分类号： B64C1/06 , B64C1/12
CPC分类号： B64C1/12 , B64C1/068 , B64C2001/0072 , Y02T50/433
摘要： A fuselage structure is disclosed in which the skin is comprised of layers of a matrix fiber reinforced composite, with the stringers reinforced with the same composite material. The high strength to weight ratio of the composite, particularly at elevated temperatures, and its high modulus of elasticity, makes it desirable for use in airplane structures.
摘要翻译：公开了一种机身结构，其中皮肤由基质纤维增强复合材料层组成，桁条用相同的复合材料增强。复合材料的高强度重量比，特别是在高温下，其高弹性模量使其适用于飞机结构。

6. 发明授权

US4302734A Microwave switching power divider 失效
标题翻译：微波开关功率分配器
公开(公告)号：US4302734A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US129793
申请日：1980-03-12
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Ronald J. Stockton , Russell W. Johnson
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Ronald J. Stockton , Russell W. Johnson
IPC分类号： H01P1/15 , H01P5/12 , H01Q3/24
CPC分类号： H01P1/15 , H01P5/12 , H01Q3/24
摘要： A microwave switching power divider for selectively dividing and switching microwave energy among a plurality of outputs to other microwave devices includes a pair of parallel, spaced-apart circular ground planes defining a microwave cavity with multi-port microwave power distributing switching circuitry formed on opposite sides of a thin circular dielectric substrate disposed beween the ground planes. The power distributing circuitry includes a conductive disk located at the center of the substrate and connected to a source of microwave energy. A plurality of tapered radial power dividing transmission lines for intercepting the standing waves are symmetrically disposed about and connected to the conductive disk. Within each line, a high speed, low insertion loss switching diode and a DC blocking capacitor are connected in series between the outer end of a transmission line and an output port. A high impedance, microwave blocking DC bias choke is connected between each switching diode and a source of switching current. The switching source forward biases the diodes to couple microwave energy from the conductive disk to selected output ports and, to associated antenna elements connected to the output ports to form a synthesized antenna pattern. Output port impedance is held within a desired range by choice of cavity and power distribution circuitry dimensions.
摘要翻译：一种微波开关功率分配器，用于将多个输出中的微波能量选择性地分开和切换到其它微波器件，包括一对平行的，间隔开的圆形接地平面，其限定了在相对侧形成的多端口微波功率分配开关电路的微波空腔设置在接地平面之间的薄的圆形电介质基片。功率分配电路包括位于基板中心并连接到微波能量源的导电盘。用于拦截驻波的多个锥形径向功率分配传输线对称地设置在导电盘周围并连接到导电盘。在每条线路中，高速，低插入损耗开关二极管和隔直流电容器串联连接在传输线的外端和输出端口之间。每个开关二极管和开关电流源之间连接有高阻抗，微波阻断的直流偏压扼流圈。开关源向前偏置二极管以将来自导电盘的微波能量耦合到选定的输出端口，以及连接到输出端口的相关联的天线元件以形成合成天线方向图。通过选择腔体和配电电路尺寸，将输出端口阻抗保持在所需范围内。

7. 发明授权

US4300106A Large volume multiple-path nuclear pumped laser 失效
标题翻译：大容量多路核泵浦激光器
公开(公告)号：US4300106A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-10
申请号：US41141
申请日：1979-05-21
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Frank Hohl , Russell J. De Young
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Frank Hohl , Russell J. De Young
IPC分类号： H01S3/081 , H01S3/09 , H01S3/05
CPC分类号： H01S3/081 , H01S3/09 , Y10S372/702
摘要： A large volume multiple-path nuclear pumper laser which has improved characteristics over previous cylindrical nuclear pumped laser systems. Large volumes of gas are excited by using internal high reflectance mirrors that are arranged so that the optical path crosses back and forth through the excited gaseous medium. By adjusting the external dielectric mirrors of the laser, the number of paths through the laser cavity can be varied. Output powers have been obtained that are substantially higher than the output powers of previous nuclear laser systems.
摘要翻译：一种大容量多路径核泵激光器，其具有比以前的圆柱形核泵浦激光系统更好的特性。通过使用内部高反射镜来激发大量的气体，所述反射镜被布置成使得光路穿过激发的气体介质来回穿过。通过调整激光器的外部电介质反射镜，可以改变通过激光腔的通路的数量。已经获得的输出功率明显高于之前的核激光器系统的输出功率。

8. 发明授权

US4290779A Solar heated fluidized bed gasification system 失效
标题翻译：太阳能加热流化床气化系统
公开(公告)号：US4290779A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-22
申请号：US150115
申请日：1980-05-15
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Shaik A. Qader
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Shaik A. Qader
IPC分类号： C10J3/56 , C10B1/00
CPC分类号： C10J3/56 , C10J2300/1292 , C10J2300/1823 , Y02P20/134 , Y10S48/09
摘要： A solar-powered fluidized bed gasification system for gasifying carbonaceous material. The system includes a solar gasifier (10) which is heated by fluidizing gas and steam. Energy to heat the gas and steam is supplied by a high heat capacity refractory honeycomb (16) which surrounds the fluid bed reactor zone (14). The high heat capacity refractory honeycomb (16) is heated by solar energy focused on the honeycomb (16) by solar concentrator (32) through solar window (20). The fluid bed reaction zone (14) is also heated directly and uniformly by thermal contact of the high heat capacity ceramic honeycomb (16) with the walls of the fluidized bed reactor (12).Provisions are also made for recovering and recycling catalysts used in the gasification process. Back-up furnace (50) is provided for start-up procedures and for supplying heat to the fluid bed reaction zone (14) when adequate supplies of solar energy are not available.
摘要翻译：一种用于气化碳质材料的太阳能流化床气化系统。该系统包括通过流化气体和蒸汽加热的太阳能气化器（10）。用于加热气体和蒸汽的能量由围绕流化床反应器区（14）的高热能耐火蜂窝（16）供应。通过太阳能集热器（32）通过太阳能窗（20）将由太阳能聚焦在蜂窝（16）上的高能耐火蜂窝体（16）加热。流化床反应区（14）也通过高容量陶瓷蜂窝（16）与流化床反应器（12）的壁的热接触直接均匀地加热。还提供了用于回收和再循环用于气化过程的催化剂。备用炉（50）被提供用于启动程序，并且当足够的太阳能供应不可用时，向流化床反应区（14）供热。

9. 发明授权

US4287838A Fluidized bed coal combustion reactor 失效
标题翻译：流化床煤燃烧反应堆
公开(公告)号：US4287838A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-08
申请号：US969759
申请日：1978-12-15
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Philip I. Moynihan , Donald L. Young
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Philip I. Moynihan , Donald L. Young
IPC分类号： F22B31/00 , F23C10/16 , F23J1/06 , F23L5/02 , F23B7/00
CPC分类号： F22B31/0023 , F22B31/0069 , F23C10/16 , F23J1/06 , F23L5/02
摘要： A fluidized bed coal reactor includes a combination nozzle-injector ash-removal unit formed by a grid of closely spaced open channels, each containing a worm screw conveyor, which function as continuous ash removal troughs. A pressurized air-coal mixture is introduced below the unit and is injected through the elongated nozzles formed by the spaces between the channels. The ash build-up in the troughs protects the worm screw conveyors as does the cooling action of the injected mixture. The ash layer and the pressure from the injectors support a fluidized flame holder combustion zone above the grid which heats water in boiler tubes disposed within and/or above the combustion zone and/or within the walls of the reactor.
摘要翻译：流化床煤反应器包括由紧密间隔的开放通道的格栅形成的喷嘴 - 喷射器除灰单元组合，每个包含螺旋输送机，其作为连续除灰槽。加压空气 - 煤混合物被引入单元下方，并通过由通道之间的空间形成的细长喷嘴注入。槽中的灰分积聚与注入的混合物的冷却作用一样保护蜗杆螺旋输送机。灰分层和来自喷射器的压力支撑在格栅上方的流化火焰保持器燃烧区域，其加热设置在燃烧区域内和/或燃烧区域内和/或反应器壁内的锅炉管道中的水。

10. 发明授权

US4287606A Fiber optic transmission line stabilization apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：光纤传输线稳定装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US4287606A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-01
申请号：US188160
申请日：1980-09-17
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , George F. Lutes, Jr. , Kam Y. Lau
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , George F. Lutes, Jr. , Kam Y. Lau
IPC分类号： H04B10/152 , H04B9/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/548
摘要： A fiber optic transmission line stabilizer for providing a phase-stabilized signal at a receiving end of a fiber optic transmission line (26) with respect to a reference signal at a transmitting end of the fiber optic transmission line (26) so that the phase-stabilized signal will have a predetermined phase relationship with respect to the reference signal regardless of changes in the length or dispersion characteristics of the line (26). More particularly, a reference signal of RF frequency modulates a 0.85 micrometer wavelength optical transmitter (20). The output of the optical transmitter (20) passes through a first optical filter (24) and a voltage-controller phase shifter (22), the output of the phase shifter (22) being provided to the fiber optic transmission line (26). At the receiving end of the fiber optic transmission line (26), the signal is demodulated, the demodulated signal being utilized to modulate a 1.06 micrometer optical transmitter (34). The output signal from the 1.06 micrometer optical transmitter (34) is provided to the same fiber optic transmission line (26) and passes through the voltage-controlled phase shifter (22) to a phase error detector (36). The phase of the modulation of the 1.06 micrometer wavelength signal is compared to the phase of the reference signal by the phase error detector (36), the detector (36) providing a phase control signal related to the phase difference. This control signal is provided to the voltage controlled phase shifter (22) which alters the phase of both optical signals passing therethrough until a predetermined phase relationship between modulation on the 1.06 micrometer signal and the reference signal is obtained.
摘要翻译：一种光纤传输线路稳定器，用于在光纤传输线（26）的发射端处的参考信号处在光纤传输线（26）的接收端处提供相位稳定的信号，稳定的信号将相对于参考信号具有预定的相位关系，而不管线（26）的长度或色散特性的变化。更具体地，RF频率的参考信号调制0.85微米波长的光发送器（20）。光发射器（20）的输出通过第一滤光器（24）和电压控制器移相器（22），移相器（22）的输出被提供给光纤传输线（26）。在光纤传输线（26）的接收端，解调信号，解调信号用于调制1.06微米的光发送器（34）。来自1.06微米光发射机（34）的输出信号被提供给相同的光纤传输线（26），并通过压控移相器（22）传送到相位误差检测器（36）。通过相位误差检测器（36）将1.06微米波长信号的调制相位与参考信号的相位进行比较，检测器（36）提供与相位差相关的相位控制信号。该控制信号被提供给电压控制移相器（22），其改变通过其中的两个光信号的相位，直到获得1.06微米信号上的调制与参考信号之间的预定相位关系。

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