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1. 发明授权

US4331530A Process for the conversion of coal 失效
标题翻译：煤转化工艺
公开(公告)号：US4331530A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-25
申请号：US881233
申请日：1978-02-27
申请人： Shaik A. Qader
发明人： Shaik A. Qader
IPC分类号： C10G1/08 , C10G1/06
CPC分类号： C10G1/08
摘要： A process for the hydrogenation of coal and subsequent treatment of hydrogenated coal to produce useful fuels and chemicals which comprises comminuting coal ore to a particle size range of from about 150 mesh to about 250 mesh; hydrogenating the particulate coal in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst and a source of hydrogen at a temperature of from about 100.degree. to about 300.degree. C. and a pressure of from about 500 to about 1,000 psi for a time sufficient to react hydrogen with the coal to form predominantly hydroaromatic coal; and recovering the hydrogenated coal. The hydrogenated coal is subsequently hydrocracked or pyrolyzed. The hydrogenated coal is hydrocracked at from about 500.degree. to about 700.degree. C. a pressure of from about 500 to about 2,000 psi for a time sufficient to crack the coal to produce benzene, toluene, xylene and gasoline. The hydrogenated coal is pyrolyzed at from about 400.degree. to about 700.degree. C., at a pressure of about atmospheric pressure and for a time sufficient to convert the coal to C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 gaseous hydrocarbons, naphtha and tar.
摘要翻译：一种用于氢化氢和随后处理氢化煤以产生有用的燃料和化学品的方法，其包括将煤矿粉碎至约150目至约250目的粒度范围; 在约100至约300℃的温度和约500至约1,000psi的压力下，在氢化催化剂和氢源存在下使颗粒煤氢化足够时间以使氢与煤主要形成水芳烃煤; 并回收氢化煤。氢化煤随后加氢裂化或热解。氢化煤在约500至约700℃下加压裂化，压力为约500至约2,000psi，时间足以裂解煤以产生苯，甲苯，二甲苯和汽油。氢化煤在约400℃至约700℃下在约大气压的压力下热解，并持续足够时间将煤转化为C1-C4气态烃，石脑油和焦油。

2. 发明授权

US4582590A Solar heated oil shale pyrolysis process 失效
标题翻译：太阳能加热油页岩热解过程
公开(公告)号：US4582590A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-15
申请号：US633363
申请日：1984-07-23
申请人： Shaik A. Qader
发明人： Shaik A. Qader
IPC分类号： B01J19/12 , C10B49/06 , C10B53/06 , C10G1/02
CPC分类号： C10B49/06 , B01J19/127 , C10B53/06 , C10G1/02 , Y02P20/129 , Y10S48/09
摘要： A bed (76, 202) of oil shale particles (10) are pyrolyzed in a retort (70, 200) by means of a heated carrier gas stream passing through a central conduit (54, 202) within the bed (76, 202) and then upwardly through a fixed bed (76) or fluidized bed (202) of the shale. The shale is subjected to pyrolysis and evolves kerogen liquid, thermally and pyrolyzed liquids and gases which enter the carrier gas to form a pyrolysis gas. The liquid pyrolysis oil is separated from the pyrolysis gas ion separator (94, 224) and a portion of the separated gas is recycled to a solar heat exchanger (50, 204) and heated to a temperature of at least 350.degree. C. before being fed to the central conduit (54, 202).
摘要翻译：油页岩颗粒（10）的床（76,202）通过穿过床（76,202）内的中心导管（54,202）的加热的载气流在蒸馏器（70,200）中热解，然后向上通过页岩的固定床（76）或流化床（202）。页岩经受热解并产生干酪根液体，热和热解的液体和进入载气的气体，形成裂解气。将液体热解油与热解气体离子分离器（94,224）分离，并将一部分分离的气体再循环至太阳能热交换器（50,204），并加热到至少350℃的温度馈送到中心导管（54,202）。

3. 发明授权

US4290779A Solar heated fluidized bed gasification system 失效
标题翻译：太阳能加热流化床气化系统
公开(公告)号：US4290779A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-22
申请号：US150115
申请日：1980-05-15
申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Shaik A. Qader
发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch , Shaik A. Qader
IPC分类号： C10J3/56 , C10B1/00
CPC分类号： C10J3/56 , C10J2300/1292 , C10J2300/1823 , Y02P20/134 , Y10S48/09
摘要： A solar-powered fluidized bed gasification system for gasifying carbonaceous material. The system includes a solar gasifier (10) which is heated by fluidizing gas and steam. Energy to heat the gas and steam is supplied by a high heat capacity refractory honeycomb (16) which surrounds the fluid bed reactor zone (14). The high heat capacity refractory honeycomb (16) is heated by solar energy focused on the honeycomb (16) by solar concentrator (32) through solar window (20). The fluid bed reaction zone (14) is also heated directly and uniformly by thermal contact of the high heat capacity ceramic honeycomb (16) with the walls of the fluidized bed reactor (12).Provisions are also made for recovering and recycling catalysts used in the gasification process. Back-up furnace (50) is provided for start-up procedures and for supplying heat to the fluid bed reaction zone (14) when adequate supplies of solar energy are not available.
摘要翻译：一种用于气化碳质材料的太阳能流化床气化系统。该系统包括通过流化气体和蒸汽加热的太阳能气化器（10）。用于加热气体和蒸汽的能量由围绕流化床反应器区（14）的高热能耐火蜂窝（16）供应。通过太阳能集热器（32）通过太阳能窗（20）将由太阳能聚焦在蜂窝（16）上的高能耐火蜂窝体（16）加热。流化床反应区（14）也通过高容量陶瓷蜂窝（16）与流化床反应器（12）的壁的热接触直接均匀地加热。还提供了用于回收和再循环用于气化过程的催化剂。备用炉（50）被提供用于启动程序，并且当足够的太阳能供应不可用时，向流化床反应区（14）供热。

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