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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
    • 创建一致的大型叶片偏转的方法
    • US07862395B2
    • 2011-01-04
    • US11899894
    • 2007-09-07
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • A63B31/11
    • A63B31/11A63B2031/115
    • Methods are disclosed to design resilient hydrofoils (164) which are capable of having substantially similar large scale blade deflections under significantly varying loads. The methods permit the hydrofoil (164) to experience significantly large-scale deflections to a significantly reduced angle of attack under a relatively light load while avoiding excessive degrees of deflection under increased loading conditions. A predetermined compression range on the lee portion of said hydrofoil (164) permits the hydrofoil (164) to deflect to a predetermined reduced angle of attack with significantly low bending resistance. This predetermined compression range is significantly used up during the deflection to the predetermined angle of attack in an amount effective to create a sufficiently large leeward shift in the neutral bending surface with the load bearing portions of the hydrofoil (164) to permit the hydrofoil (164) to experience a significantly large increase in bending resistance as increased loads deflect the hydrofoil (164) beyond the predetermined reduced angle of attack. The shift in the neutral bending surface causes a significant increase in the elongation range required along an attacking portion of the hydrofoil (164) after the predetermined angle of attack is exceed. Methods are also disclosed for designing the hydrofoil (164) so that it has a natural resonant frequency that is sufficiently close the frequency of the reciprocating strokes used to attain propulsion in an amount sufficient to create harmonic wave addition that creates an amplified oscillation in the free end of the reciprocating hydrofoil (164).
    • 公开了设计弹性水翼(164)的方法,其能够在显着变化的载荷下具有基本类似的大尺度叶片偏转。 该方法允许水翼(164)在相对较轻的载荷下经历显着大的偏转以显着减小的迎角,同时在增加的载荷条件下避免过度的偏转。 在所述水翼(164)的所述李部分上的预定压缩范围允许所述水翼(164)以显着低的抗弯曲性偏转到预定的减小的迎角。 这种预定的压缩范围在偏转到预定迎角期间被有效地用尽,其数量有效地在水翼(164)的承载部分中产生中立弯曲表面中足够大的背风偏移,以允许水翼(164 )以增加的载荷使水翼(164)偏转超过预定的减小的迎角而经历抗弯强度的显着大的增加。 中性弯曲表面的移动导致在预定的攻角超过之后沿着水翼(164)的攻击部分所需的伸长范围的显着增加。 还公开了用于设计水翼(164)的方法,使得其具有足够接近用于获得推进的往复冲程的频率的固有谐振频率,其量足以产生在自由中产生放大振荡的谐波加法 往复式水翼(164)的端部。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Snorkels, flexible tubes, mouthpieces and methods
    • 浮筒,柔性管,吸嘴和方法
    • US07785514B2
    • 2010-08-31
    • US11804117
    • 2007-05-17
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • B29C39/12B29C65/00B29C45/00
    • B63C11/205B29C45/0013B29C45/1676B29K2101/12B29K2995/0021B29K2995/0029B29L2023/18B29L2023/186B29L2031/5254B63C11/18B63C11/186
    • Methods are disclosed for designing improved flexible tubes and production methods which have improved flexibility and resistance to collapsing under load or during bending. Methods for injection molding a flexible tube (2) and providing at least one support member (4) that is arranged to provide improved lateral support to reduce lateral collapsing of the flexible tube (2). Methods for using and fabricating flexible tubes (2) are also provided for various shapes of support members (4) including annular ribs, helical ribs, spaced apart coils (128), narrow ribs, wide supports, as well as for various cross sectional shapes of flexible tubes (2), including streamlined elongated hydrofoil shaped cross sectional shapes relative to the longitudinal axis of flex tube (2). Methods and designs are disclosed for providing an improved diving mouthpiece (14) used for diving snorkels or other underwater breathing equipment which can reduce jaw fatigue, reduce chaffing to the soft tissues of the mouth and provide increased structural integrity. Methods are provided for reducing collapsing of the mouthpiece (30) around a transverse axis under load created during use. Molding methods and designs are also disclosed for reducing material costs, material weight, fabrication time, manufacturing costs and improving function, structure and/or styling for diving mouthpieces (14). Other methods also disclosed.
    • 公开了用于设计改进的柔性管和制造方法的方法,其具有改进的柔性和抵抗在负载或弯曲期间的塌陷。 用于注射成型柔性管(2)并提供至少一个支撑构件(4)的方法,其布置成提供改进的横向支撑以减少柔性管(2)的侧向塌缩。 还提供了用于使用和制造柔性管(2)的方法,用于各种形状的支撑构件(4),包括环形肋,螺旋肋,间隔开的线圈(128),窄肋,宽支架以及各种横截面形状 的柔性管(2),包括相对于柔性管(2)的纵向轴线的流线型细长水翼形横截面形状。 公开了用于提供用于潜水呼吸管或其他水下呼吸设备的改进的潜水吸嘴(14)的方法和设计,其可以减少下颌疲劳,减少对口腔软组织的磨损并提供增加的结构完整性。 提供了用于在使用期间产生的负载下减小接口(30)围绕横向轴线的塌缩的方法。 还公开了成型方法和设计,用于降低潜水口(14)的材料成本,材料重量,制造时间,制造成本和改进功能,结构和/或造型。 还公开了其它方法。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
    • 高偏转水翼和游翅
    • US07601041B2
    • 2009-10-13
    • US11508750
    • 2006-08-21
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • A63B31/08
    • A63B31/11
    • Designs and methods are disclosed for permitting scooped shape swim fin blades (184) to flex around a transverse axis to a significantly reduced angle of attack while reducing or preventing the scooped blade portion (254) from collapsing or buckling under the longitudinal compression forces (22) exerted on the scooped portion during a large scale blade deflection (212) by strategically alleviating or controlling such compression forces (222). Methods are also disclosed for increasing flow capacity, effective scoop length, scoop depth over a greater length of the blade, reducing blade resistance to large scale deflections, reducing bending resistance within scooped blade portions (254) that are experiencing high levels of blade deflection. Methods are also provided for reducing lost motion and increasing propulsion during the inversion phase of a reciprocating kicking stroke cycle while also increasing the formation of a scooped blade region (254) during the inversion phase of the stroke cycle.
    • 公开了设计和方法,用于允许舀出形状的游翅片叶片(184)围绕横向轴线弯曲至显着减小的迎角,同时减少或防止铲斗部分(254)在纵向压缩力(22)下塌缩或弯曲 )通过策略性地减轻或控制这种压缩力(222)而在大规模叶片偏转(212)期间施加在铲斗部分上。 还公开了用于增加流动能力,有效铲斗长度,在刀片的更大长度上的铲斗深度,减小刀片对大尺寸偏转的抵抗力,降低经受高水平叶片偏转的铲刀部分(254)内的弯曲阻力的方法。 还提供了用于在往复踢击冲程循环的反转阶段期间减少运动和增加推进力的方法,同时还在卒中循环的反转阶段期间增加舀取的叶片区域(254)的形成。
    • 4. 发明申请
    • Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
    • US20080108258A1
    • 2008-05-08
    • US11809216
    • 2007-06-01
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • A63B31/11
    • A63B31/11A63B2031/115
    • Methods are disclosed to design resilient hydrofoils (164) which are capable of having substantially similar large scale blade deflections under significantly varying loads. The methods permit the hydrofoil (164) to experience significantly large-scale deflections to a significantly reduced angle of attack under a relatively light load while avoiding excessive degrees of deflection under increased loading conditions. A predetermined compression range on the lee portion of said hydrofoil (164) permits the hydrofoil (164) to deflect to a predetermined reduced angle of attack with significantly low bending resistance. This predetermined compression range is significantly used up during the deflection to the predetermined angle of attack in an amount effective to create a sufficiently large leeward shift in the neutral bending surface with the load bearing portions of the hydrofoil (164) to permit the hydrofoil (164) to experience a significantly large increase in bending resistance as increased loads deflect the hydrofoil (164) beyond the predetermined reduced angle of attack. The shift in the neutral bending surface causes a significant increase in the elongation range required along an attacking portion of the hydrofoil (164) after the predetermined angle of attack is exceed. Methods are also disclosed for designing the hydrofoil (164) so that it has a natural resonant frequency that is sufficiently close the frequency of the reciprocating strokes used to attain propulsion in an amount sufficient to create harmonic wave addition that creates an amplified oscillation in the free end of the reciprocating hydrofoil (164). Methods are also disclosed for focusing energy storage and blade deflections along focused regions of load bearing members and the hydrofoil (164). Methods are also disclosed for reducing induced drag vortex formation along the lee surface of the hydrofoil (164), reducing drag and increasing the formation of lift forces.
    • 5. 发明授权
    • High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
    • 高效水翼和泳翅设计
    • US07101240B2
    • 2006-09-05
    • US10712085
    • 2003-11-13
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • A63B31/08
    • B63H1/36A63B31/11B63B1/248B63B2039/063B63H1/26B63H16/04B63H25/382C21D7/04C21D2281/00C22F1/04C22F1/08
    • Methods are disclosed for increasing lift and decreasing drag on hydrofoils and swim fins. The methods include providing a hydrofoil with a highly swept back leading edge portion and orienting the hydrofoil at a significantly reduced angle of attack in which the reduced angle of attack occurs at an angle that is substantially transverse to the hydrofoil's direction of movement through a surrounding fluid medium. The lee surfaces of the hydrofoil are provided with a substantially unobstructed flow path as well as a separation reducing contour so as to permit lift generating attached flow conditions to form along such lee surfaces. Substantially rigid structural reinforcement is provided to prevent the hydrofoil from deforming significantly during use. Methods are disclosed for providing a hydrofoil with a substantially longitudinal recess or venting system located substantially along the center axis of the hydrofoil. The attacking surfaces of such a hydrofoil are provided an anhedral contour that forms a substantially lengthwise channel with the recess or venting means located along the center axis of this lengthwise channel. Methods are disclosed for applying these lift generating and drag reducing methods to both non-flexible and flexible hydrofoil blades that are used in reciprocating propulsion strokes through a fluid medium. Also provided are methods for significantly controlling and reducing the build up of torsional stress forces within a flexible hydro foil as it is encouraged to twist to a reduced angle of attack during use.
    • 公开了用于增加水翼和水翼上的牵引力和减小阻力的方法。 所述方法包括提供具有高度扫掠的前缘部分的水翼并且以明显减小的迎角定向水翼,其中减小的迎角发生在基本上横向于通过周围流体的水翼的移动方向横向的角度 中。 水翼的e面具有基本上无障碍的流动路径以及分离减小轮廓,以便允许提升产生附着的流动条件以沿这样的e面形成。 提供基本刚性的结构加固件,以防止水翼在使用过程中发生明显的变形。 公开了用于提供具有基本上沿着水翼的中心轴线定位的基本上纵向的凹部或排气系统的水翼的方法。 这种水翼的攻击面被提供为形成基本上纵向通道的四面体轮廓,其中凹部或排气装置沿着该纵向通道的中心轴线定位。 公开了将这些提升产生和减阻方法应用于通过流体介质的往复推进冲程中使用的非柔性和柔性水翼叶片的方法。 还提供了用于显着控制和减少柔性水银箔内的扭转应力的累积的方法,因为鼓励在使用期间扭转成减小的迎角。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Dual adjustable strap designs for swim fins
    • US06884136B1
    • 2005-04-26
    • US10760514
    • 2004-01-20
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • A63B31/00A63B31/08A63B31/11
    • A63B31/11A63B31/00
    • An improved adjustable heel strap having an adjustable instep strap connected to the heel strap adjacent the heel portion of a swimmer' foot. Methods are provided for providing a highly adjustable strap system for preventing loss of swim fins in rough water conditions such as large surf and large open ocean waves. Methods are also provided for providing multi-dimensional heel strap adjustability around the ankle and instep to reduce ankle strain, increase ankle support, distribute load and stress points, reduce chaffing and blisters, increase leverage and power to the swim fin, reduce looseness and play between the foot and the swim fin, to increase comfort, to increase control, to improve positioning control, to improve sizing adjustment and to provide increased conformity to greater variations in foot and ankle sizes, shapes and contours. Methods are also provided for providing dual adjustable heel straps and instep straps having sufficient quick release capabilities for permitting the swim fin to be put on and taken off quickly and easily while in the water, including while in rough water conditions.
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
    • US06843693B2
    • 2005-01-18
    • US09852155
    • 2001-05-09
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • A63B31/11A63B31/08
    • A63B31/11A63B2031/115
    • Methods are disclosed to design resilient hydrofoils (164) which are capable of having substantially similar large scale blade deflections under significantly varying loads. The methods permit the hydrofoil (164) to experience significantly large-scale deflections to a significantly reduced angle of attack under a relatively light load while avoiding excessive degrees of deflection under increased loading conditions. A predetermined compression range on the lee portion of said hydrofoil (164) permits the hydrofoil (164) to deflect to a predetermined reduced angle of attack with significantly low bending resistance. This predetermined compression range is significantly used up during the deflection to the predetermined angle of attack in an amount effective to create a sufficiently large leeward shift in the neutral bending surface with the load bearing portions of the hydrofoil (164) to permit the hydrofoil (164) to experience a significantly large increase in bending resistance as increased loads deflect the hydrofoil (164) beyond the predetermined reduced angle of attack. The shift in the neutral bending surface causes a significant increase in the elongation range required along an attacking portion of the hydrofoil (164) after the predetermined angle of attack is exceed. Methods are also disclosed for designing the hydrofoil (164) so that it has a natural resonant frequency that is sufficiently close the frequency of the reciprocating strokes used to attain propulsion in an amount sufficient to create harmonic wave addition that creates an amplified oscillation in the free end of the reciprocating hydrofoil (164). Methods are also disclosed for focusing energy storage and blade deflections along focused regions of load bearing members and the hydrofoil (164). Methods are also disclosed for reducing induced drag vortex formation along the lee surface of the hydrofoil (164), reducing drag and increasing the formation of lift forces.
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
    • 创建一致的大型叶片偏转的方法
    • US06413133B1
    • 2002-07-02
    • US09630374
    • 2000-08-01
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • Peter T. McCarthy
    • A63B3108
    • A63B31/11A63B2031/115
    • Methods are disclosed to design resilient hydrofoils (164) which are capable of having substantially similar large scale blade deflections under significantly varying loads. The methods permit the hydrofoil (164) to experience significantly large-scale deflections to a significantly reduced angle of attack under a relatively light load while avoiding excessive degrees of deflection under increased loading conditions. A predetermined compression range on the lee portion of said hydrofoil (164) permits the hydrofoil (164) to deflect to a predetermined reduced angle of attack with significantly low bending resistance. This predetermined compression range is significantly used up during the deflection to the predetermined angle of attack in an amount effective to create a sufficiently large leeward shift in the neutral bending surface with the load bearing portions of the hydrofoil (164) to permit the hydrofoil (164) to experience a significantly large increase in bending resistance as increased loads deflect the hydrofoil (164) beyond the predetermined reduced angle of attack. The shift in the neutral bending surface causes a significant increase in the elongation range required along an attacking portion of the hydrofoil (164) after the predetermined angle of attack is exceed. Methods are also disclosed for designing the hydrofoil (164) so that it has a natural resonant frequency that is sufficiently close the frequency of the reciprocating strokes used to attain propulsion in an amount sufficient to create harmonic wave addition that creates an amplified oscillation in the free end of the reciprocating hydrofoil (164).
    • 公开了设计弹性水翼(164)的方法,其能够在显着变化的载荷下具有基本类似的大尺度叶片偏转。 该方法允许水翼(164)在相对较轻的载荷下经历显着大的偏转以显着减小的迎角,同时在增加的载荷条件下避免过度的偏转。 在所述水翼(164)的所述李部分上的预定压缩范围允许所述水翼(164)以显着低的抗弯曲性偏转到预定的减小的迎角。 这种预定的压缩范围在偏转到预定迎角期间被有效地用尽,其数量有效地在水翼(164)的承载部分中产生中立弯曲表面中足够大的背风偏移,以允许水翼(164 )以增加的载荷使水翼(164)偏转超过预定的减小的迎角而经历抗弯强度的显着大的增加。 中性弯曲表面的移动导致在预定的攻角超过之后沿着水翼(164)的攻击部分所需的伸长范围的显着增加。 还公开了用于设计水翼(164)的方法,使得其具有足够接近用于获得推进的往复冲程的频率的固有谐振频率,其量足以产生在自由中产生放大振荡的谐波加法 往复式水翼(164)的端部。