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1. 发明授权

US06376968B1 Field-induced piezoelectricity for electrical power generation 失效
标题翻译：用于发电的场致压电
公开(公告)号：US06376968B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09074744
申请日：1998-05-08
申请人： George W. Taylor , Joseph R. Burns , Charles B. Carroll , Eric Cross
发明人： George W. Taylor , Joseph R. Burns , Charles B. Carroll , Eric Cross
IPC分类号： H01L4104
CPC分类号： H02N2/181 , Y10S310/80
摘要： An electrical energy generator relying upon piezoelectricity includes electrical generating elements comprising electroded bodies of an electrostrictive material, e.g., polyurethane, having inherent but weak piezoelectric characteristics. A d.c. bias is applied between the electrodes for field-inducing a larger piezoelectric characteristic whereby, upon applying mechanical energy to the element, in known manner, for alternately straining and destraining the body, electrical charge is generated on the electrodes with a high mechanical energy to electrical energy conversion efficiency.
摘要翻译：依靠压电性的电能发生器包括发电元件，其包括具有固有但弱的压电特性的电致伸缩材料例如聚氨酯的电极体。一个d.c. 在电极之间施加偏压以用于感应更大的压电特性，由此，以已知的方式向元件施加机械能，为了交替地应变和消除体，在电极上产生具有高机械能到电的电荷能量转换效率。

2. 发明授权

US4685296A Ocean wave energy conversion using piezoelectric material members 失效
标题翻译：使用压电材料构成的海浪能量转换
公开(公告)号：US4685296A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-11
申请号：US887222
申请日：1986-07-21
申请人： Joseph R. Burns
发明人： Joseph R. Burns
IPC分类号： F03B13/12 , F03B13/14
CPC分类号： H02N2/18 , F03B13/141 , F05B2260/407 , F05B2270/709 , Y02E10/38
摘要： A float on a body of water is mechanically coupled to a piezoelectric material member for causing alternate straining and destraining of the member in response to the up and down movement of the float in response to passing waves, thereby causing the member to generate electricity. The output impedance of the float is matched to the input impedance of the member for increasing the energy transfer from the float to the member.
摘要翻译：水体上的浮子机械耦合到压电材料构件，用于响应于通过的波浪响应浮子的上下运动而引起构件的交替的应变和消除，从而使构件发电。浮子的输出阻抗与构件的输入阻抗匹配，以增加从浮子到构件的能量传递。

3. 发明授权

US06731019B2 Apparatus and method for optimizing the power transfer produced by a wave energy converter (WEC) 失效
标题翻译：用于优化由波能量转换器（WEC）产生的功率传递的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06731019B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09922877
申请日：2001-08-06
申请人： Joseph R. Burns , Paul Smalser , George W. Taylor , Thomas R. Welsh
发明人： Joseph R. Burns , Paul Smalser , George W. Taylor , Thomas R. Welsh
IPC分类号： F03B1310
CPC分类号： F03B13/148 , Y02E10/38
摘要： A wave energy converter (WEC) including an electric generator for capturing energy contained in ocean waves and converting it to electrical energy at the output of the electric generator may be characterized as an effective capacitive (or inductive) element. Systems embodying the invention include an inductive (or capacitive) element inserted in the circuit between the output of the electric generator and a load in order to achieve resonance with the effective capacitance (inductance) of the WEC and so as to increase the efficiency of the power transfer to the load. In certain embodiments the load coupled to the system has an optimum value which is made a function of the frequency of the ocean waves and the effective capacitance (or inductance). The effective capacitance (inductance) of the converter varies as a function of the frequency of the ocean waves. Accordingly, systems embodying the invention may include a controller for varying the load and/or the inductive (capacitive) element coupled in the system to resonate with the converter for increasing the efficiency of the system.
摘要翻译：包括用于捕获包含在海浪中的能量并将其转换成在发电机的输出处的电能的发电机的波能转换器（WEC）可以被表征为有效电容（或电感）元件。体现本发明的系统包括在发电机的输出端和负载之间的电路中插入的电感（或电容）元件，以实现与WEC的有效电容（电感）的谐振，从而提高电力传输到负载。在某些实施例中，耦合到系统的负载具有作为海浪的频率和有效电容（或电感）的函数的最佳值。转换器的有效电容（电感）随海浪的频率而变化。因此，体现本发明的系统可以包括控制器，用于改变耦合在系统中的负载和/或电感（电容）元件以与转换器谐振以提高系统的效率。

4. 发明授权

US06528928B1 Switched resonant power conversion electronics 有权
标题翻译：开关谐振功率转换电子器件
公开(公告)号：US06528928B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09933158
申请日：2001-08-20
申请人： Joseph R. Burns , Paul Smalser , George W. Taylor , Thomas R. Welsh
发明人： Joseph R. Burns , Paul Smalser , George W. Taylor , Thomas R. Welsh
IPC分类号： F03B1312
CPC分类号： H02N2/181 , Y02E10/38
摘要： A transducer operated as power generating device is driven at a low frequency and collects energy at the low frequency rate. The collected energy is extracted at a much higher frequency. Extracting the energy at a higher frequency enables the use of components, such as inductors, having reasonable values and sizes. In one embodiment, a power extracting circuit which includes elements designed to resonate with the transducer at a higher frequency than the frequency at which the transducer is being driven is periodically switched in circuit with the transducer. Thus, the electric power generator device operated and controlled by a slowly changing source of energy (e.g., ocean waves, wind, eddies of water) may develop energy at one frequency and may be operated to transfer the energy at another frequency. The resonating circuit is switched into circuit with the transducer on the positive and negative peaks of the force driving the transducer for a time approximately equal to Tc, where Tc is equal to approximately ½fo, where fo is the resonant frequency of the circuit with the switch closed. In another embodiment the load applied to the circuit is designed to have an optimum value to optimize the power transfer. Other embodiments include circuits for reliably and accurately detecting the peak(s) of the driving input signals.
摘要翻译：作为发电装置工作的传感器以低频驱动并以低频率收集能量。以更高的频率提取收集的能量。以更高的频率提取能量使得能够使用具有合理值和尺寸的组件，例如电感器。在一个实施例中，功率提取电路包括被设计成以比换能器被驱动的频率更高的频率与换能器谐振的元件周期性地与换能器电路切换。因此，由缓慢变化的能量源（例如，海浪，风，水涡流）操作和控制的发电机装置可以以一个频率发展能量，并且可以操作以在另一个频率下传递能量。谐振电路切换到电路中，传感器在驱动换能器的力的正和负峰值大约等于Tc的时间，其中Tc等于大约1/2，其中fo是与开关的电路的谐振频率关闭。在另一个实施例中，施加到电路的负载被设计成具有优化功率传输的最佳值。其他实施例包括用于可靠且准确地检测驱动输入信号的峰值的电路。

5. 发明授权

US06201336B1 DC bias scheme for field induced piezoelectric power generators 失效
标题翻译：用于场感应压电发电机的直流偏置方案
公开(公告)号：US06201336B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US09327095
申请日：1999-06-05
申请人： Joseph R. Burns
发明人： Joseph R. Burns
IPC分类号： H01L41113
CPC分类号： H02N2/181
摘要： A d.c. bias arrangement for increasing the efficiency of electrical power extraction from a piezoelectric transducer comprising a piezoelectric material, particularly of the electrostrictive type, contacted by first and second electrodes. The first electrode is connected directly to an electrical load connected directly to ground potential. The second electrode is connected by two in-parallel paths to the ground potential, one of the paths comprising a d.c. voltage source in series with a large bias resistor, and the other of the paths comprising a large a.c. power bypassing capacitor.
摘要翻译：一个d.c. 偏压装置，用于提高从包括由第一和第二电极接触的压电材料，特别是电致伸缩型的压电换能器的压电换能器的电力提取的效率。第一电极直接连接到直接连接到地电位的电负载上。第二电极通过两个平行路径连接到地电位，其中一条路径包括直流电。电压源与大偏置电阻串联，另一条路径包括一个大的交流电。功率旁路电容。

6. 发明授权

US5220584A System for demodulation and synchronizing multiple tone waveforms 失效
标题翻译：用于解调和同步多个音调波形的系统
公开(公告)号：US5220584A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-15
申请号：US633211
申请日：1990-12-21
申请人： Joseph R. Burns
发明人： Joseph R. Burns
IPC分类号： H04J3/06 , H04L7/04 , H04L7/06 , H04L27/26
CPC分类号： H04L27/2662 , H04J3/0608 , H04L27/2656 , H04L27/2675 , H04L2007/047 , H04L27/2657 , H04L7/06
摘要： A multiple tone signal is demodulated and synchronization is obtained by precisely locating frame boundaries in order to ensure reliable communication in the presence of anomalies such as Doppler shift, multipath propagation, and additive electronic noise. One such signal, TADIL-A or Link-11, employs multiple tone audio waveforms that are used to modulate RF carriers for the transmission of digital data. Initially, the signal is frequency divided and classified to determine if the incoming frame is a preamble, data or noise. For preamble frames, a digital filter is used to extract the 605 Hz tone in the time domain, and the resulting real-valued signal is passed through a first Hilbert transform to generate the corresponding imaginary complex-valued signal. Unfiltered data frames are passed through a second Hilbert transform and the output is multiplied by the complex conjugate of the stored Doppler reference signal to produce a Link-11 Signal stripped of Doppler. As a result of the demodulation process, the entire waveform now includes frequencies separated by an integer multiple of 110 Hz. Therefore, the composite waveform has a period of 9.09 milliseconds. The composite waveform partially repeats itself at least once in each 13.33 msec frame interval. Using this property, it is possible to determine the location at which the composite signal becomes discontinuous and thereby locate the synchronization frame boundaries.
摘要翻译：解调多音信号，并通过精确定位帧边界来获得同步，以便在存在诸如多普勒频移，多径传播和加性电子噪声之类的异常的情况下确保可靠的通信。一个这样的信号，TADIL-A或Link-11采用多个音频音频波形，用于调制用于数字数据传输的RF载波。最初，对信号进行分频和分类，以确定输入帧是前导码，数据还是噪声。对于前导码帧，使用数字滤波器在时域中提取605Hz音调，并且所得到的实值信号通过第一希尔伯特变换，以产生相应的虚数复值信号。未经滤波的数据帧通过第二希尔伯特变换，并将输出乘以存储的多普勒参考信号的复共轭，以产生多普勒检测的Link-11信号。作为解调处理的结果，整个波形现在包括以110Hz的整数倍分开的频率。因此，复合波形的周期为9.09毫秒。复合波形在每个13.33毫秒帧间隔中至少部分重复一次。使用该属性，可以确定复合信号变得不连续的位置，从而定位同步帧边界。

7. 发明授权

US4615214A Piezoelectric wind sensor 失效
标题翻译：压电式风力传感器
公开(公告)号：US4615214A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-07
申请号：US730561
申请日：1985-05-06
申请人： Joseph R. Burns
发明人： Joseph R. Burns
IPC分类号： G01P5/02 , G01P13/02 , G01W1/04
CPC分类号： G01P13/02 , G01P5/02 , Y10S73/04
摘要： An anemometer comprises an array (10) of piezoelectric pressure sensors (12), each of the sensors being mounted (e.g., on a circular mast 14) to face into a different wind direction. Electrical means are used to address each of the sensors (via contact wires (26, 28) for determining which of the sensors is generating, within a given time period, the greatest output voltage, thereby indicating the direction of the wind during such time period. In one arrangement, the amplitude of such greatest output voltage is used, via a look-up table, to determine the speed of the wind during such time period. In another arrangement, a separate, additional sensor is used to determine the wind speed.
摘要翻译：一种风速计包括压电压力传感器（12）的阵列（10），每个传感器被安装（例如，在圆形桅杆14上）以面对不同的风向。电气装置用于对每个传感器进行寻址（通过接触导线（26,28），用于确定哪些传感器在给定的时间周期内产生最大的输出电压，从而在这段时间期间指示风的方向在一种布置中，通过查找表使用这种最大输出电压的幅度来确定在这样的时间段内的风速，在另一种布置中，使用单独的附加传感器来确定风速。

8. 发明授权

US4009473A Charge coupled memory system 失效
标题翻译：电荷耦合存储系统
公开(公告)号：US4009473A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-22
申请号：US585409
申请日：1975-06-09
申请人： Joseph R. Burns
发明人： Joseph R. Burns
IPC分类号： G11C11/35 , G11C27/04 , H01L27/108 , H01L27/148 , G11C11/40
CPC分类号： H01L27/108 , G11C11/35 , G11C27/04 , H01L27/14831
摘要： The combination of an optical memory and a charge coupled device (CCD) memory. Light from locations of the optical memory is projected onto locations of the CCD memory for producing charge signals for storage in the CCD memory. A complete array of columns and rows of information concurrently may be projected onto the CCD memory and then later may be read out electrically from the CCD memory a row at a time.
摘要翻译：光学存储器和电荷耦合器件（CCD）存储器的组合。来自光学存储器的位置的光被投影到CCD存储器的位置上，用于产生用于存储在CCD存储器中的电荷信号。可以将完整的列和列信息并行地投影到CCD存储器上，然后可以一次一行地从CCD存储器中电读出。

9. 发明授权

US06522048B1 Sensors for power conversion systems 有权
标题翻译：电力转换系统用传感器
公开(公告)号：US06522048B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09933145
申请日：2001-08-20
申请人： Joseph R. Burns , George W. Taylor , Thomas R. Welsh
发明人： Joseph R. Burns , George W. Taylor , Thomas R. Welsh
IPC分类号： H01L4108
CPC分类号： H02N2/181
摘要： Systems and circuits embodying the invention include means for sensing at least one of the peaks, amplitude and frequency of an oscillatory input force impinging on a power generating device for controlling the turn-on of a switch used to transfer energy collected by the power generating device to an associated load. The power generator may be a transducer such as a piezoelectric device or a wave energy converter (WEC). Sensors and sensing means embodying the invention are used to control the point in time at which power extracting circuits are switched in circuit with the power generating device. The power extracting circuit may include components which can resonate with the power generating circuit at a higher frequency than, and independent of, the frequency at which the power generating device is being operated. Thus, an electric power generator device operated and controlled by a slowly changing source of energy (e.g., ocean waves, wind, eddies of water) may develop energy at one frequency and may be operated to transfer the energy, at a selected point in time, at another frequency.
摘要翻译：体现本发明的系统和电路包括用于感测入射在发电装置上的振荡输入力的峰值，幅度和频率中的至少一个的装置，用于控制用于传递由发电装置收集的能量的开关的接通到相关联的负载。发电机可以是诸如压电装置或波能转换器（WEC）的换能器。用于实现本发明的传感器和传感装置用于控制功率提取电路与发电装置电路切换的时间点。功率提取电路可以包括能够以比发电装置正在工作的频率更高的频率与发电电路谐振的部件。因此，由缓慢变化的能量源（例如，海浪，风，水涡流）操作和控制的发电机装置可以以一个频率发展能量，并且可以操作以在选定的时间点传递能量，在另一个频率。

10. 发明授权

US4404490A Power generation from waves near the surface of bodies of water 失效
标题翻译：从水体表面附近的波浪发电
公开(公告)号：US4404490A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-13
申请号：US170858
申请日：1980-07-21
申请人： George W. Taylor , Joseph R. Burns
发明人： George W. Taylor , Joseph R. Burns
IPC分类号： E02B9/08 , F03B13/12 , F03B13/14 , H01L41/113 , H02N2/18
CPC分类号： H02N2/18 , F03B13/14 , F05B2220/709 , F05B2260/407 , Y02E10/38 , Y10S310/80 , Y10S73/04
摘要： For the purpose of converting the mechanical energy of surface waves on bodies of water, a power generating piezoelectric structure (10) is provided comprising piezoelectric material members, preferably in the form of one or a laminate of sheets (14) of such material, each sheet having an electrode (24) on opposite surfaces thereof. Each pair of electrodes and the piezoelectric material therebetween define a power generating element, each of which is preferably dimensioned, relative to the wave lengths of selected waves on the body of water in which the generator is to be used, for increasing the efficiency of power conversion. A support means (12) is provided for maintaining the structure in a preselected position within and below the surface of the water. Preferably, the piezoelectric generating elements are flexible and are supported in such manner to allow flexure thereof in response to movement of the surrounding water. In certain embodiments, the elements are designed to enter into mechanical resonance in response to the passage of waves thereover, such flexure and/or resonance increasing the mechanical coupling efficiency between the waves and the elements.
摘要翻译：为了转换水体表面波的机械能，提供了一种发电压电结构（10），其包括压电材料构件，优选地为一种或这种材料的片材（14）的层压体，每个片材在其相对表面上具有电极（24）。每对电极和压电材料之间限定发电元件，每个发电元件相对于使用发电机的水体上的选定波浪的波长优选尺寸，以提高发电机的功率效率转换。提供了一种支撑装置（12），用于将结构保持在水表面内和下方的预选位置。优选地，压电发生元件是柔性的并且以这样的方式支撑，以允许其响应于周围水的移动而弯曲。在某些实施例中，这些元件被设计为响应于其上的波浪通过而进入机械共振，这种挠曲和/或共振增加了波与元件之间的机械耦合效率。

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