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1. 发明授权

US06172369B2 Flat panel detector for radiation imaging with reduced trapped charges 失效
标题翻译：具有减少捕获电荷的放射成像的平板检测器
公开(公告)号：US06172369B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-09
申请号：US09000483
申请日：1998-07-21
申请人： David Waechter , Wei Zhou , John Rowlands , Zhong Shou Huang
发明人： David Waechter , Wei Zhou , John Rowlands , Zhong Shou Huang
IPC分类号： H01G27146
CPC分类号： H01L27/14643
摘要： A flat panel detector for radiation imaging includes an array of transistor switches each of which is associated with a pixel electrode. A radiation transducer including a top electrode and a radiation conversion layer is disposed over the array. Inhibiting mechanisms are positioned over dead zones between adjacent pixel electrodes to inhibit the accumulation of charge in the radiation conversion layer at the dead zones when the top electrode is biased and the flat panel detector is exposed to radiation. In one embodiment, the inhibiting mechanism is constituted by islands formed of semiconductor material between the array and the radiation transducer. Each island is positioned over a dead zone between adjacent pixel electrodes and contacts a pixel electrode to allow charges accumulated on the islands to drift to the pixel electrodes.
摘要翻译：用于放射成像的平板检测器包括晶体管开关阵列，每个晶体管开关与像素电极相关联。包括顶电极和辐射转换层的辐射换能器设置在阵列上。抑制机构位于相邻像素电极之间的死区之上，以在顶部电极偏置并且平板检测器暴露于辐射时抑制在死区处的辐射转换层中的电荷的累积。在一个实施例中，抑制机构由阵列和辐射换能器之间的半导体材料形成的岛构成。每个岛位于相邻像素电极之间的死区之上并且接触像素电极，以允许积聚在岛上的电荷漂移到像素电极。

2. 发明申请

US20060131512A1 High quantum efficiency x-ray detector for portal imaging 有权
标题翻译：用于门户成像的高量子效率x射线检测器
公开(公告)号：US20060131512A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-22
申请号：US11340710
申请日：2006-01-27
申请人： Geordi Pang , John Rowlands
发明人： Geordi Pang , John Rowlands
IPC分类号： H01J47/02
CPC分类号： G01T1/2928 , G01T1/2935
摘要： The present invention provides a practical design of a megavoltage x-ray detector with both high quantum efficiency (QE) and high resolution. The x-ray detector disclosed herein has a QE that can be an order of magnitude higher than that of current flat panel systems and yet has a spatial resolution equivalent to that of current flat panel systems used for portal imaging. The x-ray detector includes a large number of micro-structured electrically conducting plates, packed together with thin spacers placed between neighboring plates with the micro-structured plates oriented to be parallel to the incident x-rays in operation. Each plate includes an electrically conductive substrate with a first planar surface, elongate electrically conductive strip electrodes separated from each other with strip spacers placed in between and sitting on an insulating layer interposed between the first planar surface of the electrically conductive substrate and the strip electrodes. A power supply applies a bias voltage between each electrically conductive substrate and the electrically conductive strip electrodes, whereby x-rays absorbed in the conductive substrate generates high energy electrons which produce ions in an ionization medium located in spaces between the conductive substrate and the electrically conductive strips. A detector detects an electrical current generated in the electrically conductive strip electrodes and a 2D active readout matrix is coupled to the detector.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了具有高量子效率（QE）和高分辨率的兆伏X射线检测器的实际设计。本文公开的X射线检测器具有可以比当前平板系统高出一个数量级的QE，并且具有与用于门静脉成像的当前平板系统相同的空间分辨率。 X射线检测器包括大量微结构的导电板，它们与设置在相邻板之间的薄间隔物一起封装，微型结构板在操作中被定向成平行于入射的X射线。每个板包括具有第一平面表面的导电基板，细长的导电条电极彼此分开，带状间隔物位于介于导电基板的第一平坦表面和带状电极之间的绝缘层上。电源在每个导电衬底和导电条电极之间施加偏置电压，由此吸收在导电衬底中的x射线产生高能电子，其在位于导电衬底和导电衬底之间的空间中的电离介质中产生离子带子。检测器检测在导电条电极中产生的电流，并且2D有源读出矩阵耦合到检测器。

3. 发明授权

US5691667A RF radiation absorbing material disposed between the cathode and anode of an electron beam tube 失效
标题翻译： RF辐射吸收材料设置在电子束管的阴极和阳极之间
公开(公告)号：US5691667A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-25
申请号：US211030
申请日：1994-05-17
申请人： Alan Hugh Pickering , Geoffrey John Rowlands , Roy Heppinstall , Edward Stanley Sobieradzki , Geoffrey Thomas Clayworth
发明人： Alan Hugh Pickering , Geoffrey John Rowlands , Roy Heppinstall , Edward Stanley Sobieradzki , Geoffrey Thomas Clayworth
IPC分类号： H01J23/15 , H01J23/30 , H03F3/56 , H03F3/58 , H05K9/00 , H01J23/54 , H03F3/54
CPC分类号： H03F3/58 , H01J23/30 , H01J2225/04 , H01J2225/12
摘要： An r.f. radiation absorbing material able to hold off a 30 to 40 kV voltage difference is described as formed by a silicon rubber loaded with ferrite particles. The material is used to reduce self-oscillation in amplifiers.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB92 / 01684第 371日期：1994年5月17日 102（e）日期1994年5月17日PCT提交1992年9月14日PCT公布。出版物WO93 / 06632 日期：1993年1月4日能够抑制30〜40kV电压差的放射线吸收材料由负载有铁氧体颗粒的硅橡胶形成。该材料用于减少放大器中的自振荡。

4. 外观设计

USD262114S Portable pump 失效
公开(公告)号：USD262114S
公开(公告)日：1981-12-01
申请号：US44321
申请日：1979-05-31
申请人： John Rowlands
设计人： John Rowlands

5. 发明申请

US20060054835A1 Flat-panel detector with avalanche gain 有权
标题翻译：具有雪崩增益的平板探测器
公开(公告)号：US20060054835A1
公开(公告)日：2006-03-16
申请号：US11201658
申请日：2005-08-10
申请人： John Rowlands , Wei Zhao
发明人： John Rowlands , Wei Zhao
IPC分类号： G01T1/26
CPC分类号： G01T1/2018 , G01T1/2928
摘要： The present invention is an indirect AMFPI wherein a phosphor such as a structured cesium iodide (CsI) is used to convert x-ray energy to optical photons or a charge, which is then detected by a two-dimensional array of either thin-film transistors (TFTs) such as an amorphous a-Se TFTs or a photodiode array. A scanning control circuit generates pulses to turn on the TFTs one row at a time, and thus the charge in the individual arrays is transferred from the TFT to one or more external charge-sensitive amplifiers. The charge-sensitive amplifiers are shared by all the pixels in the same column. The two-dimensional array can be read in real time.
摘要翻译：本发明是间接AMFPI，其中使用诸如结构化碘化铯（CsI）的磷光体将x射线能量转换成光子或电荷，然后通过薄膜晶体管的二维阵列（TFT），例如非晶形a-Se TFT或光电二极管阵列。扫描控制电路产生脉冲以一次一行地导通TFT，因此各阵列中的电荷从TFT传送到一个或多个外部电荷敏感放大器。电荷敏感放大器由同一列中的所有像素共享。可以实时读取二维数组。

6. 发明授权

US4015054A Electrolytic cells 失效
标题翻译：电解细胞
公开(公告)号：US4015054A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-29
申请号：US605325
申请日：1975-08-18
申请人： Brian Cleaver , Geoffrey John Rowlands
发明人： Brian Cleaver , Geoffrey John Rowlands
IPC分类号： H01M4/70 , H01M10/39 , H01M43/00
CPC分类号： H01M10/39 , H01M4/70
摘要： A lithium/chalcogen thermal cell having a ceramic electrolyte and a lithium ion-containing salt intermediate the anode and the electrolyte. The chalcogen is preferably selenium or sulphur and the ceramic electrolyte is preferably .beta.alumina, or .beta."alumina, or Li.sub.4 SiO.sub.4, or Li.sub.4 TiO.sub.4. Contact between the anode and the electrolyte is prevented by the intermediate salt and the ceramic electrolyte prevents self discharge of the cell resulting from dissolution of the electrode materials.
摘要翻译：具有陶瓷电解质的锂/硫族元素热电池和位于阳极和电解质之间的含锂离子的盐。硫族元素优选为硒或硫，并且陶瓷电解质优选为β氧化铝或β“氧化铝，或Li 4 SiO 4或Li 4 TiO 4。通过中间盐防止阳极和电解质之间的接触，并且陶瓷电解质阻止由电极材料溶解而导致的电池的自放电。

7. 发明申请

US20130221241A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR RESETTING PHOTOCONDUCTIVE X-RAY IMAGING DETECTORS 有权
标题翻译：用于复位光电X射线成像检测器的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20130221241A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-29
申请号：US13822891
申请日：2011-09-13
申请人： John Rowlands , Giovanni Decrescenzo , Chandra Pokhrel , Alla Reznik
发明人： John Rowlands , Giovanni Decrescenzo , Chandra Pokhrel , Alla Reznik
IPC分类号： G01T1/16
CPC分类号： G01T1/246 , A61B6/4208 , A61B6/583 , G01T1/16 , H01L31/115 , H04N5/32 , H04N5/3597 , H04N5/361
摘要： Systems and methods of resetting a blocking-type photoconductive imaging detector are provided. In one embodiment, after having obtained an image, the imaging detector may be reset by applying a reversed bias potential difference and illuminating the imaging radiation detector with photoexcitation radiation. The photoexcitation radiation has a wavelength selected to excite mobile charges within the photoconductive layer and a spatial intensity profile related to the measured image for neutralizing the trapped charges in a spatially compensated manner. In another embodiment, a photoionizing beam is directed onto an x-ray light valve having a liquid crystal layer in contact with a photoconductive layer. The beam passes through an optically transmissive surface of the x-ray light valve and photoionizes a species within the liquid crystal layer, generating mobile charged entities that at least partially neutralize charges trapped at the interface, improving the performance of the x-ray light valve when performing subsequent x-ray imaging.
摘要翻译：提供了重置阻挡型光导成像检测器的系统和方法。在一个实施例中，在获得图像之后，可以通过施加反向偏置电位差来复位成像检测器，并用光激发辐射照射成像放射线检测器。光激发辐射具有选择的波长以激发光电导层内的移动电荷，以及与测量图像相关的空间强度分布，用于以空间补偿的方式中和被捕获的电荷。在另一个实施例中，光电离束被引导到具有与光电导层接触的液晶层的x射线光阀上。光束通过X射线光阀的透光表面并使液晶层内的物质光离子化，产生至少部分中和在界面处被捕获的电荷的移动带电实体，从而改善了x射线光阀的性能当执行后续的X射线成像时。

8. 发明申请

US20070164225A1 Cerenkov x-ray detector for portal imaging 有权
公开(公告)号：US20070164225A1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-19
申请号：US11649362
申请日：2007-01-04
申请人： Geordi Pang , John Rowlands
发明人： Geordi Pang , John Rowlands
IPC分类号： G01T1/20
CPC分类号： G01T1/22 , G01T1/29
摘要： The present invention provides a practical design of a megavoltage x-ray detector with both high quantum efficiency (QE) and high resolution. The x-ray detector includes an optical-fiber taper (OFT) made from a large number of optical fibers, each of which is aligned with the incident x-rays from an x-ray source hitting a top surface of the optical fiber taper. The optical-fiber taper is a matrix of optical fibers with the core material made of, e.g., silica and coated with a cladding glass or polymer such that light created within the core of each optical fiber will be guided to the bottom ends of the fiber with the ends of the fibers at the bottom being optically coupled to and optical image read-out device. Each optical fiber in the optical fiber taper is fully aligned with the incident x-ray source so that x-rays entering the top of the fiber travel directly towards the bottom of the same fiber. This alignment (or focusing) of the optical-fiber taper towards the x-ray source can be achieved by an extra coating at the bottoms of the optical fibers so they have a larger diameter than the other top ends of the fibers.

9. 发明申请

US20070025509A1 4-dimensional digital tomosynthesis and its applications in radiation therapy 有权
标题翻译： 4维数字断层合成及其在放射治疗中的应用
公开(公告)号：US20070025509A1
公开(公告)日：2007-02-01
申请号：US11181339
申请日：2005-07-13
申请人： Geordi Pang , Ali Bani-Hashemi , John Rowlands
发明人： Geordi Pang , Ali Bani-Hashemi , John Rowlands
IPC分类号： A61N5/10
CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 , A61B6/025 , A61B6/5288 , A61B6/583 , A61N5/1037 , A61N2005/1061
摘要： A 4-dimensional digital tomosynthesis system includes an x-ray source, an x-ray detector and a processor. The x-ray source is suitable for emitting x-ray beams to an object with a periodic motion. The periodic motion is divided into (n+1) time intervals, n being a positive integer. Each of the (n+1) time intervals is associated with a time instance ti, i=0, 1, 2, . . . , n. The x-ray detector is coupled to the x-ray source for acquiring projection radiographs of the object at each time instance ti for each scan angle based on the x-ray beams. The processor is communicatively coupled to the x-ray source and the x-ray detector for controlling the x-ray source and processing data received from the x-ray detector such that all projection radiographs acquired from all scan angles for each time instance ti are reconstructed and (n+1) sets of cross sections of the object are obtained. The cross section is either a coronal cross section or a sagittal cross section. Each of the (n+1) sets of cross sections is for a different time instance ti.
摘要翻译： 4维数字断层合成系统包括x射线源，x射线检测器和处理器。 x射线源适合于向具有周期运动的物体发射X射线束。周期运动分为（n + 1）个时间间隔，n为正整数。（n + 1）个时间间隔中的每一个与时间实例t i i i i，i = 0,1,2，...相关联。。。，n。 x射线检测器耦合到x射线源，用于基于X射线束针对每个扫描角度的每个时间实例t 1采集物体的投影射线照片。处理器通信地耦合到x射线源和X射线检测器，用于控制x射线源和从x射线检测器接收的处理数据，使得对于每个时间t t从所有扫描角度获取的所有投影射线照片， SUB＆gt; i＆lt; i＆gt;被重构，并且获得对象的（n + 1）个横截面集合。横截面是冠状截面或矢状截面。第（n + 1）组横截面中的每一个都是用于不同的时间实例t 。

10. 发明授权

US5962856A Active matrix X-ray imaging array 失效
标题翻译：主动矩阵X射线成像阵列
公开(公告)号：US5962856A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-05
申请号：US952325
申请日：1998-04-06
申请人： Wei Zhao , John Rowlands
发明人： Wei Zhao , John Rowlands
IPC分类号： H01L27/14 , H01L27/146 , H01L31/09 , H04N5/32 , H01L29/78
CPC分类号： H01L27/14665
摘要： A digital detector for radiography and fluoroscopy is disclosed. The detector includes a large area, flat panel that easily fits into a conventional X-ray room bucky tray. The detector utilizes a layer of photoconductor (i.e. a-Se in the preferred embodiment) to detect X-rays and convert the X-ray energy to charge, and an active matrix TFT array in the form of a very large area integrated circuit, for readout of the charge. A dual gate structure is used for the TFT array wherein the top gate is formed as an extension of the pixel electrode, so as to provide high voltage protection of the TFT. An integrated pixel storage capacitor is provided for enhanced absorption of X-ray energy with low pixel voltage, low leakage current and a large charge leakage time constant. In a preferred embodiment, the integrated pixel storage capacitor is created by overlapping the pixel the pixel electrode with an adjacent gate line or a separate ground line of the active matrix readout array. Image charge collection efficiency is enhanced by manipulating the electric field distribution in the photoconductor layer so that image charges land on the pixel electrodes, and not on the TFT readout devices.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CA95 / 00247 Sec。 371日期：1998年4月6日 102（e）日期1998年4月6日PCT提交1995年4月28日PCT公布。 WO96 / 34416 PCT出版物日期：1996年10月31日公开了一种用于放射成像和荧光透视的数字检测器。检测器包括一个大面积的平板，可以方便地装入常规的X射线房间的托盘。检测器利用光电导体层（在优选实施例中为a-Se）来检测X射线并将X射线能量转换成电荷，以及非常大面积集成电路形式的有源矩阵TFT阵列，用于读出电荷。对于TFT阵列使用双栅结构，其中顶栅形成为像素电极的延伸，以便提供TFT的高电压保护。提供了一种集成的像素存储电容器，用于增强对低像素电压，低漏电流和大电荷泄漏时间常数的X射线能量的吸收。在优选实施例中，通过将像素电极与有源矩阵读出阵列的相邻栅极线或单独的接地线重叠像素而产生集成像素存储电容器。通过控制光电导体层中的电场分布来增强图像电荷收集效率，使得图像电荷降落在像素电极上，而不是在TFT读出装置上。

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